（五）Netty服务接收请求过程

前言

前面几篇分析了netty的启动过程，这篇看一下服务端是如何接收请求，以及Netty是如何解决NIO的空轮转问题

正文

io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop

    @Override
    protected void run() {
        int selectCnt = 0;
        for (;;) {
            try {
                int strategy;
                try {
                    // 获取策略值
                    strategy = selectStrategy.calculateStrategy(selectNowSupplier, hasTasks());
                    switch (strategy) {
                    case SelectStrategy.CONTINUE:
                        continue;

                    case SelectStrategy.BUSY_WAIT:

                    // 没有需要执行的任务
                    case SelectStrategy.SELECT:
                        long curDeadlineNanos = nextScheduledTaskDeadlineNanos();
                        if (curDeadlineNanos == -1L) {
                            curDeadlineNanos = NONE; // nothing on the calendar
                        }
                        nextWakeupNanos.set(curDeadlineNanos);
                        try {
                            if (!hasTasks()) {
                                // 获取已就绪的通道
                                strategy = select(curDeadlineNanos);
                            }
                        } finally {
                            nextWakeupNanos.lazySet(AWAKE);
                        }
                    default:
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // 异常处理，忽略
                    rebuildSelector0();
                    selectCnt = 0;
                    handleLoopException(e);
                    continue;
                }
                // 每次执行，数量+1
                selectCnt++;
                cancelledKeys = 0;
                needsToSelectAgain = false;
                // 执行任务和获取已就绪通道的IO事件 两个事件的比重
                final int ioRatio = this.ioRatio;
                boolean ranTasks;
                // 处理IO事件的占比为100
                if (ioRatio == 100) {
                    try {
                        // 先处理IO事件
                        if (strategy > 0) {
                            processSelectedKeys();
                        }
                    } finally {
                        // 最后再处理任务
                        ranTasks = runAllTasks();
                    }
                }
                // 有已就绪的通道
                else if (strategy > 0) {
                    final long ioStartTime = System.nanoTime();
                    try {
                        // 先处理IO事件
                        processSelectedKeys();
                    } finally {
                        final long ioTime = System.nanoTime() - ioStartTime;
                        // 最后再处理任务
                        ranTasks = runAllTasks(ioTime * (100 - ioRatio) / ioRatio);
                    }
                }
                // 没有已就绪的通道，直接处理任务
                else {
                    ranTasks = runAllTasks(0);
                }
                // 运行过任务后，ranTasks会设置为true
                if (ranTasks || strategy > 0) {
                    // 正常返回，selectCnt重置为0
                    selectCnt = 0;
                }
                // 【重点分析】判断selectCnt是否超过阈值，否则重建selector，解决NIO空轮转的问题
                else if (unexpectedSelectorWakeup(selectCnt)) {
                    selectCnt = 0;
                }
            } catch (CancelledKeyException e) {
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
            try {
                if (isShuttingDown()) {
                    closeAll();
                    if (confirmShutdown()) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                handleLoopException(t);
            }
        }
    }

io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop

  private boolean unexpectedSelectorWakeup(int selectCnt) {
        // 异常情况处理。忽略
        if (Thread.interrupted()) {
            return true;
        }
        // SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD 默认是512次，超过这个数字，开始重建selector
        if (SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD > 0 &&
                selectCnt >= SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD) {
            // 【重点分析】
            rebuildSelector();
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }


    public void rebuildSelector() {
        if (!inEventLoop()) {
            execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    rebuildSelector0();
                }
            });
            return;
        }
        rebuildSelector0();
    }


    /**
     * 整个过程就是新建一个Selector，遍历旧的selector，把原来的channel注册到新的selector后，
        把旧的selector关闭
    */
    private void rebuildSelector0() {
        final Selector oldSelector = selector;
        final SelectorTuple newSelectorTuple;

        if (oldSelector == null) {
            return;
        }

        try {
            newSelectorTuple = openSelector();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.warn("Failed to create a new Selector.", e);
            return;
        }

        // Register all channels to the new Selector.
        int nChannels = 0;
        for (SelectionKey key: oldSelector.keys()) {
            Object a = key.attachment();
            try {
                if (!key.isValid() || key.channel().keyFor(newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector) != null) {
                    continue;
                }

                int interestOps = key.interestOps();
                key.cancel();
                SelectionKey newKey = key.channel().register(newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector, interestOps, a);
                if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
                    // Update SelectionKey
                    ((AbstractNioChannel) a).selectionKey = newKey;
                }
                nChannels ++;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.warn("Failed to re-register a Channel to the new Selector.", e);
                if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
                    AbstractNioChannel ch = (AbstractNioChannel) a;
                    ch.unsafe().close(ch.unsafe().voidPromise());
                } else {
                    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                    NioTask<SelectableChannel> task = (NioTask<SelectableChannel>) a;
                    invokeChannelUnregistered(task, key, e);
                }
            }
        }

        selector = newSelectorTuple.selector;
        unwrappedSelector = newSelectorTuple.unwrappedSelector;

        try {
            // time to close the old selector as everything else is registered to the new one
            oldSelector.close();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.warn("Failed to close the old Selector.", t);
            }
        }

        if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Migrated " + nChannels + " channel(s) to the new Selector.");
        }
    }