Java基础巩固系列 通过反射获取类的完整结构——Constructor（构造器篇）

因为演示需要，所以把Person类尽量的造得尽可能的复杂，如下

Person类：

@MyAnnotation(value = "PeterLi")
public class Person extends Creature<String> implements Comparable, MyInterface {
    public String name;
    private int age;
    int id;
    protected boolean sex;

    //创建类时，尽量保留一个空参的构造器
    public Person() {
//        System.out.println("今天天气很闷热");
    }

    public Person(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @MyAnnotation(value = "abc123")
    public void show() {
        System.out.println("我是一个人！");
    }

    private void display(String nation) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("我的国籍是" + nation);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Object o) {
        return 0;
    }

    class Bird{

    }
}

Creature父类：

public class Creature<T> {
    public double weight;

    public void breath() {
        System.out.println("呼吸");
    }

}

 

MyInterface接口：

public interface MyInterface extends Serializable {

}

MyAnnotation注解：

@Target({TYPE, FIELD, METHOD, PARAMETER, CONSTRUCTOR, LOCAL_VARIABLE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyAnnotation {
    String value();
}

 

下面是代码示例：

public class TestConstructor {

    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {
        String className = "com.peter.java19.Person";
        Class clazz = Class.forName(className);
        //创建对应的运行时类的对象。使用newInstance()实际上就是调用了运行时的空参的构造器。
        //要先想能够创建成功 1.要求对应的运行时类要有空参的构造器。 2.构造器的权限修饰符的权限要足够。
        Object obj = clazz.newInstance();
        Person p = (Person) obj;
        System.out.println(p);
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws ClassNotFoundException {
        String className = "com.peter.java19.Person";
        Class clazz = Class.forName(className);

        Constructor[] cons = clazz.getDeclaredConstructors();
        for (Constructor c : cons) {
            System.out.println(c);
        }
    }

}

test1结果：

Person{name='null', age=0}

test2结果：

public com.peter.java19.Person(java.lang.String,int)
public com.peter.java19.Person(java.lang.String)
public com.peter.java19.Person()

 

关于构造器的其他就不演示了和属性与方法篇差不多