2.1 Time-Domain Representations for LTI System
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Traditional Methods
1. 存在经典连续时间系统的系统激励与响应的时域分析方法,其本质是对线性微分方程的求解过程。
2. 对于经典的分时域分析方法不做展开,其具有一定的局限性,这是由微分方程特解的求解难度和其物理特征不明显所决定的。
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/0ac7310f-0b98-411e-aae6-1c172c89d4c5.png)
1st For homogeneous equation
:
, the homogeneous solution is
.
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/aeb1cafa-233f-4165-8940-c0cbab1b0701.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/9d67422b-f3c2-48a7-bd07-9b4fb790181b.png)
Characteristics equation is:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/f6c096ac-ce76-497f-9278-e3fb3f32a5be.png)
Solving the CE get the Characteristic Solution:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/3b3fa787-950d-4f66-be87-999f1c1217c1.png)
So, the homogeneous solution is
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/6f0a6836-e9af-47e3-9be6-16e5cd06e33e.png)
2nd For Non-homogeneous equation
:
, the particular solution is
.
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/c811f68b-ac2d-4000-8762-97efae353bc7.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/a6ff0b9d-1ef0-4354-b78b-84d50fed86de.png)
Suppose the particular solution is
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/2c08a8ba-7a8d-4f2a-a310-75c1d747fab6.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/b4f055c9-c3db-461c-b012-303db997372b.png)
Inverse obtained the c=1/3.
3rd Complete Solution:
Complete Solution = homogeneous solution + particular solution
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/cbd11bd4-6885-421b-86cf-2036bb9c4935.png)
Inverse obtained the
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/5f0e487f-8642-4a4f-b0f0-594a8da816aa.png)
Solution:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/aa4c54f1-3b1b-43dd-8023-8aacaf31e876.png)
Response of LTI
1. Zero-input Response:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/9f4a00bc-6aa5-47cc-b1e2-611f5a921ec8.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/1d6ef1b8-115e-4f68-ae1c-e4edb586df23.png)
The Zero-input Response of
is
:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/858ded32-cecf-4e26-82f1-8dd68af08d40.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/fc1ee295-414e-4674-8e1a-741d7d3b27c9.png)
Characteristic Function:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/692d0f51-17c8-4a90-b241-fac310e1f995.png)
Characteristic Solution:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/db6e0ad7-1622-43ff-98cb-1470b22349a1.png)
So:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/4be944fc-5aad-4449-b835-9c91c423d314.png)
and,
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/a92557d3-6676-44ae-ae5e-48bc4e45655c.png)
So:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/48047002-3384-4bac-bc9e-7c6507982ce3.png)
结论:一旦系统的微分方程确定了,那么该系统的零输入响应的形式就确定了,且该系统的零输入响应由方程的特征根决定。
2. Zero-state Response:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/eb96468c-ad3b-49f2-ac8a-e6f3f8e28735.png)
原理:将任意系统信号分解为冲激信号然后以卷积求解零状态响应。
3. Impulse response
冲激响应:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/b1ce059a-9ec6-49be-b131-d77b93b70c73.png)
给予系统一个单位脉冲激励所得到的响应:
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/72e0a8cf-d54c-444b-bb9a-a8e1326e87fa.png)
冲激平衡法求解
h(t):
Exp 1.
System,
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/7e6adf75-01e1-4045-a723-acbbf102b1f2.png)
Find the solution of pulse response.
解
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/1b31bfe7-fa1a-4e8b-b1a8-61133087d9aa.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/04bd87b7-cd55-4638-984d-a8b77e84b3df.png)
h(t)
回代系统:
A=1
解得:
h(t)=e^-3t
Exp 2.
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/c9129ce5-4f41-47ae-b536-716cb6846433.png)
本质上是解二阶非齐次微分方程。
4. Step response
阶跃响应
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/a0f237a0-81bf-4144-9392-10891c67b8c0.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/56e76cb3-64cc-4f20-acc5-f3ab47ff4627.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/25969453-c510-479f-8e9f-0abd1dc6ae09.png)
本质上是变上限积分函数关系。
5. Question
System have a step response as pic<1> when the input is step signal u(t). What’s the function f(t) of input signal when the output like pic<2>?
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/e5832da1-719f-4d01-b23e-1e30d850c708.png)
![graphic](https://app.yinxiang.com/shard/s38/res/290cbc94-a2d5-445e-b64b-d9e835f828ba.png)
Pic<1>
G(t)
单位阶跃响应
Pic<2> h(t)
冲激响应
解:
f(t)= g(t)-2g(t-1)-g(t-2)
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