5.16

JAVA

网络

Request类——>HTTP请求

通过传递从Socket对象那里获取的java.io.InputStream对象来构造这个类的实例

调用InputStream对象的read方法来获取HTTP请求原始数据

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Request {
        private InputStream input;
        private String uri;

        public Request(InputStream input) {
                 this.input = input;
        }
       
        public void parse() {
        }
       
        private String parseUri(String requestString) {
        }
       
        public String getUri() {
                 return uri;
        }
}

该方法解析HTTP请求中的原始数据

通过调用private方法parseUri获取的HTTP请求的URI，parseUri把URI存储到uri变量中，

调用public方法getUri来返回HTTP请求的URI

GET /index.html HTTP/1.1

使用GET方法请求index.html文件

public void parse() {
        //Read a set of characters from the socket
        StringBuilder request = new StringBuilder(2048);
        int i;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
        try {
               i=input.read(buffer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
               i = -1;
        }
        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
               request.append((char) buffer[j]);
        }
        System.out.print(request.toString());
        uri = parseUri(request.toString());
}

parse方法从传递给Request的套接字的InputStream那里读取所有字节流，并将字节数组存储在缓存中，然后用缓存字节数组中的字节填入一个叫request的StringBuilder 中

将StringBuilder的字符串形式传递给parseUri方法

 private String parseUri(String requestString) {
     index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
     int index2;
     if (index1 != -1) {
         index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);
         if (index2>index1) {
             return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);
         }
     }
     return null;

}

parseUri方法从请求行获取URI

Response类

——>HTTP响应

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.path;
import java.nio.file.paths;

/*
 HTTP Response =
 Status-Line (( general-header | response-header | entity-header )
             CRLF)
 CRLF
 [ message-body ]
 Status-Line = HTTP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
 */

public class Response {
        private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
        Request request;
        OutputStream ouput;

        public Response(OutputStream output) {
                this.output = output;
        }

        public void setRequest(Request request) {
                this.request = request;
        }
        public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException {
                byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
                Path path = Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.dir"),
                               "webroot", request.getUri());
                if (Files.exists(path)) {
                    try (InputStream inputStream =
                                        Files.newInputStream(path)) {
                           int ch = inputStream.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                           while (ch != -1) {
                                 output.write(bytes, 0, ch);
                                 ch = inputStream.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                           }
                     } catch (IOException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                     }
               } else {
                     //file not found
                     String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n"
                                   + "Content-Type: text/html\r\n"
                                   + "Content-Lengh: 23\r\n" + "\r\n"
                                   + "<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
                     output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
                }
        }
}

Response类的构造器接受一个java.io.OutputStream对象：

public Response(OutputStream output){

        this.output = output;

}

Response对象是由HttpServer类的await方法通过传递从套接字获取的OutputStream对象构造的

该类有两个public方法：setRequest 和 sendStaticResource ，前者用于将Request对象传递给Response对象

                                                 后者用于发送静态资源

计算机网络

数据通信基础

信息——>对客观事物的反应，数据的内容和解释

数据——>承载信息的实体，描述物体的数字、字母或符号

信号——>数据在传输过程中的表现形式，即数据的电磁编码

数据为信息的字体，信息是数据的内容和解释，信号则是数据在传输过程中的电磁波表示