Mutex::Autolock引申的学习

Mutex::Autolock

Android源码里面看到一个类，很简短，但稍微挖一挖，内容还蛮多。但首先理解需要几个知识点的优先掌握：

• Mutex.h
• Condition.h
• memory

---

首先找到Mutex.h，在/system/core/include/utils/Mutex.h目录，同样也很简短：

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#ifndef _LIBS_UTILS_MUTEX_H
#define _LIBS_UTILS_MUTEX_H

#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>

#if !defined(_WIN32)
# include <pthread.h>
#endif

#include <utils/Errors.h>
#include <utils/Timers.h>

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace android {
   
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

class Condition;

/*
 * NOTE: This class is for code that builds on Win32.  Its usage is
 * deprecated for code which doesn't build for Win32.  New code which
 * doesn't build for Win32 should use std::mutex and std::lock_guard instead.
 *
 * Simple mutex class.  The implementation is system-dependent.
 *
 * The mutex must be unlocked by the thread that locked it.  They are not
 * recursive, i.e. the same thread can't lock it multiple times.
 */
class Mutex {
   
public:
    enum {
   
        PRIVATE = 0,
        SHARED = 1
    };

                Mutex();
    explicit    Mutex(const char* name);
    explicit    Mutex(int type, const char* name = NULL);
                ~Mutex();

    // lock or unlock the mutex
    status_t    lock();
    void        unlock();

    // lock if possible; returns 0 on success, error otherwise
    status_t    tryLock();

#if defined(__ANDROID__)
    // Lock the mutex, but don't wait longer than timeoutNs (relative time).
    // Returns 0 on success, TIMED_OUT for failure due to timeout expiration.
    //
    // OSX doesn't have pthread_mutex_timedlock() or equivalent. To keep
    // capabilities consistent across host OSes, this method is only available
    // when building Android binaries.
    //
    // FIXME?: pthread_mutex_timedlock is based on CLOCK_REALTIME,
    // which is subject to NTP adjustments, and includes time during suspend,
    // so a timeout may occur even though no processes could run.
    // Not holding a partial wakelock may lead to a system suspend.
    status_t    timedLock(nsecs_t timeoutNs);
#endif

    // Manages the mutex automatically. It'll be locked when Autolock is
    // constructed and released when Autolock goes out of scope.
    class Autolock {
   
    public:
        inline explicit Autolock(Mutex& mutex) : mLock(mutex)  {
    mLock.lock(); }
        inline explicit Autolock(Mutex* mutex) : mLock(*mutex) {
    mLock.lock(); }
        inline ~Autolock() {
    mLock.unlock(); }
    private:
        Mutex& mLock;
    };

private:
    friend class Condition;

    // A mutex cannot be copied
                Mutex(const Mutex&);
    Mutex&      operator = (const Mutex&);

#if !defined(_WIN32)
    pthread_mutex_t mMutex;
#else
    void    _init();
    void*   mState;
#endif
};

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#if !defined(_WIN32)

inline Mutex::Mutex() {
   
    pthread_mutex_init(&mMutex, NULL);
}
inline Mutex::Mutex(__attribute__((unused)) const char* name) {
   
    pthread_mutex_init(&mMutex, NULL);
}
inline Mutex::Mutex(int type, __attribute__((unused)) const char* name) {
   
    if (type == SHARED) {
   
        pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
        pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
        pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&attr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED);