自定义注解,实现依赖注入
我们在学习框架的时候使用过各种各样的注解,框架本质就是注解+反射+设计模式的结合,我们在这通过自定义注解简单的实现在属性中注入值。
@Component("user")
// 相当于配置文件中 <bean id="user" class="当前注解的类"/>
public class User {
@Value("王也")
// 相当于配置文件中 <property name="name" value="王也"/>
public String name;
}
1、首先,我们先自定义一个注解,起名也叫Value
@Target(value = {ElementType.FIELD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Value {
String value() default "";
}
2、创建一个javabean
public class Student {
@Value("王也")
private String name;
private String gender;
@Value("18")
private int age;
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public Student() {
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
'}';
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
3、创建反射类
public class Reflection {
public static Object reflection(String path) {
Object object = null;
try {
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(path);
object = clazz.newInstance();
//获取属性
Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
//判断属性上是否有注解
if (fields[i].isAnnotationPresent(Value.class)) {
//获取含有注解的属性
Field declaredField = clazz.getDeclaredField(fields[i].getName());
//获取注解
Value annotation = fields[i].getAnnotation(Value.class);
declaredField.setAccessible(true);
if (declaredField.toString().contains("java.lang.String")){
declaredField.set(object, annotation.value());
}else if(declaredField.toString().contains("int")){
declaredField.set(object, Integer.valueOf(annotation.value()));
}else {
continue;
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return object;
}
}
4、创建测试类
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Student student = (Student) Reflection.reflection("com.zsn.ann.Student");
System.out.println(student);
}
}
5、测试结果
这是简单理解一下利用反射和注解向属性中注入值,在进一步的话,可以加上代理模式,这样更能使我们理解框架的原理。