### 回答1:
二元多项式可以表示为:
f(x,y) = ∑(i=0 to m)∑(j=0 to n) a(i,j) * x^i * y^j
其中,m 和 n 分别为 x 和 y 的次数,a(i,j) 为系数。
相加操作可以写为:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 100
typedef struct {
int coef[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE]; // 存储系数
int x_exp; // x 的最高次数
int y_exp; // y 的最高次数
} Polynomial;
Polynomial add_poly(Polynomial a, Polynomial b) {
Polynomial c;
int i, j;
c.x_exp = a.x_exp > b.x_exp ? a.x_exp : b.x_exp; // 取 x 的最高次数
c.y_exp = a.y_exp > b.y_exp ? a.y_exp : b.y_exp; // 取 y 的最高次数
for (i = 0; i <= c.x_exp; i++) {
for (j = 0; j <= c.y_exp; j++) {
c.coef[i][j] = a.coef[i][j] + b.coef[i][j]; // 相加
}
}
return c;
}
void print_poly(Polynomial p) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i <= p.x_exp; i++) {
for (j = 0; j <= p.y_exp; j++) {
printf("%d * x^%d * y^%d", p.coef[i][j], i, j);
if (j != p.y_exp) printf(" + ");
}
if (i != p.x_exp) printf("\n");
}
}
int main() {
Polynomial a = {{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}, 2, 2};
Polynomial b = {{{9, 8, 7}, {6, 5, 4}, {3, 2, 1}}, 2, 2};
Polynomial c = add_poly(a, b);
printf("a + b =\n");
print_poly(c);
return 0;
}
```
相乘操作可以写为:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 100
typedef struct {
int coef[MAX_SIZE][MAX_SIZE]; // 存储系数
int x_exp; // x 的最高次数
int y_exp; // y 的最高次数
} Polynomial;
Polynomial multiply_poly(Polynomial a, Polynomial b) {
Polynomial c;
int i, j, k;
c.x_exp = a.x_exp + b.x_exp; // x 的最高次数为两个多项式的次数相加
c.y_exp = a.y_exp + b.y_exp; // y 的最高次数为两个多项式的次数相加
for (i = 0; i <= c.x_exp; i++) {
for (j = 0; j <= c.y_exp; j++) {
c.coef[i][j] = 0; // 初始化系数为 0
for (k = 0; k <= a.x_exp; k++) {
if (i-k > b.x_exp || i-k < 0) continue; // 如果超出 b 的次数范围,跳过
c.coef[i][j] += a.coef[k][j] * b.coef[i-k][j]; // 相乘并累加
}
for (k = 0; k <= a.y_exp; k++) {
if (j-k > b.y_exp || j-k < 0) continue; // 如果超出 b 的次数范围,跳过
c.coef[i][j] += a.coef[i][k] * b.coef[i][j-k]; // 相乘并累加
}
}
}
return c;
}
void print_poly(Polynomial p) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i <= p.x_exp; i++) {
for (j = 0; j <= p.y_exp; j++) {
printf("%d * x^%d * y^%d", p.coef[i][j], i, j);
if (j != p.y_exp) printf(" + ");
}
if (i != p.x_exp) printf("\n");
}
}
int main() {
Polynomial a = {{{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}, 2, 2};
Polynomial b = {{{9, 8, 7}, {6, 5, 4}, {3, 2, 1}}, 2, 2};
Polynomial c = multiply_poly(a, b);
printf("a * b =\n");
print_poly(c);
return 0;
}
```
### 回答2:
C语言代码实现二元多项式的相加和相乘可以通过定义结构体和相应的函数来完成。
首先,我们可以定义一个结构体来表示二元多项式:
```
typedef struct Polynomial {
int coefficient; // 系数
int exponent; // 指数
struct Polynomial *next; // 指向下一个节点的指针
} Polynomial;
```
接下来,我们可以分别定义函数来实现二元多项式的相加和相乘。
1. 相加函数:
```c
Polynomial *addPolynomials(Polynomial *p1, Polynomial *p2) {
Polynomial *result = NULL; // 存储相加结果的链表
Polynomial *current = NULL; // 当前节点指针
while (p1 && p2) {
if (p1->exponent > p2->exponent) {
if (!result) {
result = p1;
current = result;
} else {
current->next = p1;
current = current->next;
}
p1 = p1->next;
} else if (p1->exponent < p2->exponent) {
if (!result) {
result = p2;
current = result;
} else {
current->next = p2;
current = current->next;
}
p2 = p2->next;
} else {
int temp = p1->coefficient + p2->coefficient;
if (temp != 0) {
Polynomial *node = (Polynomial *)malloc(sizeof(Polynomial));
node->coefficient = temp;
node->exponent = p1->exponent;
node->next = NULL;
if (!result) {
result = node;
current = result;
} else {
current->next = node;
current = current->next;
}
}
p1 = p1->next;
p2 = p2->next;
}
}
if (p1) {
if (!result) {
result = p1;
} else {
current->next = p1;
}
}
if (p2) {
if (!result) {
result = p2;
} else {
current->next = p2;
}
}
return result;
}
```
2. 相乘函数:
```c
Polynomial *multiplyPolynomials(Polynomial *p1, Polynomial *p2) {
Polynomial *result = NULL; // 存储相乘结果的链表
while (p1) {
Polynomial *current = NULL; // 当前结果节点的指针
Polynomial *temp = p2; // 用于遍历p2的指针
while (temp) {
int coefficient = p1->coefficient * temp->coefficient;
int exponent = p1->exponent + temp->exponent;
Polynomial *node = (Polynomial *)malloc(sizeof(Polynomial));
node->coefficient = coefficient;
node->exponent = exponent;
node->next = NULL;
if (!result) {
result = node;
current = result;
} else {
current->next = node;
current = current->next;
}
temp = temp->next;
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
return result;
}
```
以上就是用C语言代码实现二元多项式相加和相乘的代码。
### 回答3:
C语言代码实现二元多项式的相加和相乘需要定义一个多项式结构体,包含系数和指数两个成员变量。具体代码如下:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct {
float coef;
int exp;
} Term;
typedef struct {
Term *terms;
int size;
} Polynomial;
// 初始化多项式
void initPolynomial(Polynomial *poly, int size) {
poly->terms = (Term *)malloc(size * sizeof(Term));
poly->size = size;
}
// 输入多项式系数和指数
void inputPolynomial(Polynomial *poly) {
for (int i = 0; i < poly->size; i++) {
printf("请输入第 %d 项的系数和指数:", i + 1);
scanf("%f %d", &(poly->terms[i].coef), &(poly->terms[i].exp));
}
}
// 输出多项式
void outputPolynomial(Polynomial *poly) {
for (int i = 0; i < poly->size; i++) {
printf("%.2f * x^%d", poly->terms[i].coef, poly->terms[i].exp);
if (i != poly->size - 1) {
printf(" + ");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
// 多项式相加
Polynomial addPolynomials(Polynomial *poly1, Polynomial *poly2) {
Polynomial result;
int i = 0, j = 0, k = 0;
result.terms = (Term *)malloc((poly1->size + poly2->size) * sizeof(Term));
while (i < poly1->size && j < poly2->size) {
if (poly1->terms[i].exp > poly2->terms[j].exp) {
result.terms[k++] = poly1->terms[i++];
} else if (poly1->terms[i].exp < poly2->terms[j].exp) {
result.terms[k++] = poly2->terms[j++];
} else {
result.terms[k].coef = poly1->terms[i].coef + poly2->terms[j].coef;
result.terms[k++].exp = poly1->terms[i].exp;
i++;
j++;
}
}
while (i < poly1->size) {
result.terms[k++] = poly1->terms[i++];
}
while (j < poly2->size) {
result.terms[k++] = poly2->terms[j++];
}
result.size = k;
return result;
}
// 多项式相乘
Polynomial multiplyPolynomials(Polynomial *poly1, Polynomial *poly2) {
Polynomial result;
int k = 0;
result.terms = (Term *)malloc(poly1->size * poly2->size * sizeof(Term));
for (int i = 0; i < poly1->size; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < poly2->size; j++) {
result.terms[k].coef = poly1->terms[i].coef * poly2->terms[j].coef;
result.terms[k++].exp = poly1->terms[i].exp + poly2->terms[j].exp;
}
}
result.size = k;
return result;
}
int main() {
Polynomial poly1, poly2, addResult, multiplyResult;
int size1, size2;
printf("请输入第一个多项式的项数:");
scanf("%d", &size1);
initPolynomial(&poly1, size1);
inputPolynomial(&poly1);
printf("请输入第二个多项式的项数:");
scanf("%d", &size2);
initPolynomial(&poly2, size2);
inputPolynomial(&poly2);
printf("第一个多项式:");
outputPolynomial(&poly1);
printf("第二个多项式:");
outputPolynomial(&poly2);
addResult = addPolynomials(&poly1, &poly2);
printf("两个多项式相加的结果:");
outputPolynomial(&addResult);
multiplyResult = multiplyPolynomials(&poly1, &poly2);
printf("两个多项式相乘的结果:");
outputPolynomial(&multiplyResult);
free(poly1.terms);
free(poly2.terms);
free(addResult.terms);
free(multiplyResult.terms);
return 0;
}
```
使用该代码,可以实现输入两个二元多项式,并输出它们的相加和相乘的结果。