javaweb-41：网站注册发送邮件实现

发送带图片及附件的邮件

核心代码：

package com.gongyi;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Properties;

//发送一封带图片的邮件
public class MailDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");//设置QQ邮箱服务器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送协议
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户名和密码

        //关于QQ邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可，大厂,其他邮箱不需要
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤
        //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
        //QQ才有，其他邮箱就不用
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                //发件人邮件用户名，授权码
                return new PasswordAuthentication("1072805311@qq.com", "sdfsdf");
            }
        });
        //开启session的debug模式，这样就可以查看程序发送Email的运行状态
        session.setDebug(true);
        //2.通过Session得到transport对象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();
        //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "1072805311@qq.com", "sdfsdf");
        //4.创建邮件:写邮件
        //注意：需要传递session
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //指明邮件的发件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("1072805311@qq.com"));
        //指明邮件的收件人，现在发件人和收件人是一样的，那就是自己给自己发
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("15518987725@163.com"));
        //邮件的标题
        message.setSubject("欢迎来到工一说Java");
        //===============================================================
        //准备图片数据
        MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
        //图片需要经过数据处理... DataHandler：数据处理
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\功能扩展\\mail-java\\src\\1.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);//在我们的body中放入这个处理的图片数据
        image.setContentID("bz.jpg");//给图片设置一个ID，我们在后面可以使用
        //准备正文数据
        MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
        text.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:bz.jpg'>的附件", "text/html;charset=UTF-8 ");
        //描述数据关系
        MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
        mm.addBodyPart(image);
        mm.addBodyPart(text);
        mm.setSubType("related");
        //设置到消息中，保存修改
        message.setContent(mm);//把最后编辑好的邮件放到消息当中
        message.saveChanges();//保存修改
        //===============================================================
        //5.发送邮件
        ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
        //6.关闭连接
        ts.close();

    }

}

邮箱注册后发送邮件

1.在empty工程下新建子module

2.普通maven工程（不用模板）

3.添加web支持

4.配置tomcat

核心代码：

pojo/User.java

package com.gongyi.pojo;


import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String email) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    //方便调试
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

pojo/User1.java

package com.gongyi.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User1 {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;


}

utils/SendEmail.java

package com.gongyi.utils;

import com.gongyi.pojo.User;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;

//网站三秒原则：用户体验
//多线程实现用户体验！（异步处理）
public class SendEmail extends Thread {
    //用于给用户发送邮件的邮箱
    private String from = "1072805311@qq.com";
    //邮箱的用户名
    private String username = "1072805311@qq.com";
    //邮箱的密码
    private String password = "sdfsdf";
    //发送邮件的服务器地址
    private String host = "smtp.qq.com";
    private User user;

    public SendEmail(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    //重写run方法的实现，在run方法中发送邮件给指定用户
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties prop = new Properties();
            prop.setProperty("mail.host", host);
            prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
            prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

            //关于QQ邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);


            //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    //发件人邮件用户名，授权码
                    return new PasswordAuthentication("1072805311@qq.com", "sdfsd");
                }
            });
            //开启session的debug模式，这样就可以查看程序发送Email的运行状态
            session.setDebug(true);

            //2.通过Session得到transport对象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();

            //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
            ts.connect(host, username, password);

            //4.创建邮件:写邮件
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));//发件人
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));//收件人
            message.setSubject("用户注册邮件");//邮件的标题
            String info = "恭喜您注册成功，您的用户名：" + user.getUsername() + ",您的密码：" + user.getPassword() + "，请妥善保管，如有问题，请联系网站客服";
            message.setContent(info, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            message.saveChanges();
            //5.发送邮件
            ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
            //6.关闭连接
            ts.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

servlet/RegisterServlet.java

package com.gongyi.servlet;


import com.gongyi.pojo.User;
import com.gongyi.utils.SendEmail;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        //接收用户请求，封装对象
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String email = req.getParameter("email");
        User user = new User(username, password, email);
        //用户注册成功之后，给用户发送一封邮件
        //我们使用线程来专门发送邮件，防止出现耗时，和网站注册人数过多的情况
        SendEmail send = new SendEmail(user);
        //启动线程，线程启动之后，就会执行run()方法来发送邮件
        send.start();
        //send.run();//换成run体验注册时用户体验问题
        //注册用户
        req.setAttribute("message", "注册成功了，我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子邮件，请查收！如网络不稳定，可能过会儿才能收到！");
        req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.gongyi.servlet.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/RegisterServlet.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>注册</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
            用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
            密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
            邮箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br/>
            <input type="submit" value="注册">
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

info.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>xxx网站温馨提示：</h1>
        ${message}
    </body>
</html>

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.gongyi</groupId>
    <artifactId>WebMail</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.10</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

springboot搭建项目发送邮件【更快，更简单开发，底层做了好多封装，需要了解底层原理】

删除无用目录：

虽然就直接引入了两个包，但是间接依赖的包很多

代码结构：

核心代码：

DemoApplication.java

package com.example.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

application.properties

server.port=8081
spring.mail.username=1072805311@qq.com
spring.mail.password=sdfsdfdsf
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true

DemoApplicationTests.java

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;

@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        //发送邮件
        //收件人
        //内容
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setSubject("工一说Java");
        message.setText("Hello World");
        message.setFrom("1072805311@qq.com");
        message.setTo("1072805311@qq.com");
        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    @Test
    void test2() throws Exception {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
        helper.setSubject("工一说Java");
        helper.setText("<h1>Hello,World</h1>", true);
        //附件
        helper.addAttachment("1.jpg", new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\demo\\src\\main\\resources\\1.jpg"));
        helper.addAttachment("2.jpg", new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\demo\\src\\main\\resources\\2.jpg"));
        helper.addAttachment("3.jpg", new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\demo\\src\\main\\resources\\3.jpg"));
        helper.addAttachment("4.jpg", new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\学习笔记\\javaweb\\codes\\demo\\src\\main\\resources\\4.jpg"));

        helper.setFrom("1072805311@qq.com");
        helper.setTo("1072805311@qq.com");
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);

    }

}

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

效果图：

彩蛋

1.发送附件，fileName设置为中文乱码

参考

老代码：

 attach.setFileName("附件.jpg");//附件和正文图片的区别是需要设置fileName

新代码：

attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText("附件.jpg"));//附件和正文图片的区别是需要设置fileName

效果图：

2.maven工程快速导包

3.脚手架

是一个基本框架，是成型的，可以不断添加小功能【扩展】

4.lombok

5.普通maven工程不通过修改pom文件也可以实现导包效果

6.web服务发布后将依赖包放入到lib下

7…start()是多线程方法，.run()是普通方法

8.注册信息时发送邮件遇到问题

1）java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.mail.Authenticator

发现target目录下无web资源及相关依赖包

无 WEB-INF是因为，pom文件中的无【对比了正常的web项目看出来的】

<packaging>war</packaging>

加上就行，默认是jar包

启动后，首页404，看输出的文件也无index.jsp

修复这里就行

改成如下就行：【是因为这不是一个标准的web工程，是普通maven工程添加了web支持】

2）邮箱收到中文乱码：

debug发现前端传过来就乱码了：

解决：

在 RegisterServlet.java中加入如下代码：

req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

9.阿里特别注重底层

看《深入JVM》

10.springboot的spring-boot-starter-mail底层还是javamail