前言:当我们在一个网站中进行注册账户成功后,通常会收到一封来自该网站的邮件。邮件中显示我们刚刚申请的账户和密码以及一些其他的广告信息。在上一篇中用Java实现了发送qq邮件的功能,今天我们来实现一个这样的功能,用户注册成功后,网站将用户的注册信息(账号和密码等)以Email的形式发送到用户的注册邮箱当中。
web应用实现邮件发送功能
建好web项目,配置好Tomcat,添加jar包
1.需要一个实体类User
package com.muzili.pojo;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
private String email;
public User() {
}
public User(String username, String password, String email) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.email = email;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.前端的注册页面register.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
邮箱:<input type="text" name="email"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.邮件发送工具类
import com.muzili.pojo.User;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Sendmail extends Thread {
//用于给用户发送邮件的邮箱
private String from = "1484501121@qq.com";
//邮箱的用户名
private String username = "1484501121@qq.com";
//邮箱的密码
private String password = "mwoiyixrognohdid";
//发送邮件的服务器地址
private String host = "smtp.qq.com";
private User user;
public Sendmail(User user){
this.user = user;
}
//重写run方法的实现,在run方法中发送邮件给指定的用户
@Override
public void run() {
try{
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.setProperty("mail.host", host);
prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
// 关于QQ邮箱,还要设置SSL加密,加上以下代码即可
MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);
//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的 Session 对象
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
//发件人邮件用户名、授权码
return new PasswordAuthentication("1484501121@qq.com", "**mwoiyixrognohdid");
}
});
//开启Session的debug模式,这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
session.setDebug(true);
//2、通过session得到transport对象
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//3、使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
ts.connect(host, username, password);
//4、创建邮件
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); //发件人
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail())); //收件人
message.setSubject("用户注册邮件"); //邮件的标题
String info = "恭喜您注册成功,您的用户名:" + user.getUsername() + ",您的密码:" + user.getPassword() + ",请妥善保管,如有问题请联系网站客服!!";
message.setContent(info, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
message.saveChanges();
//发送邮件
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
ts.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
4.编写对应的Servlet处理类
import com.muzili.pojo.User;
import com.muzili.utils.Sendmail;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
//接收用户请求,封装成对象
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String email = request.getParameter("email");
User user = new User(username,password,email);
//用户注册成功之后,给用户发送一封邮件
//我们使用线程来专门发送邮件,防止出现耗时,和网站注册人数过多的情况;
Sendmail send = new Sendmail(user);
//启动线程,线程启动之后就会执行run方法来发送邮件
send.start();
//注册用户
request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功,我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子邮件,请查收!如网络不稳定,可能过会儿才能收到!!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
request.setAttribute("message", "注册失败!!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
5.配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>register</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.muzili.servlet.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>register</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/RegisterServlet.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
6.发送成功或失败的反馈页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>提示信息</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}
</body>
</html>
最后在TOmcat环境下运行