第12课第5节 字符设备驱动程序之poll机制

一.目标

测试程序限时检测是否按下按键,若超过时间则退出程序.所以利用poll

int poll(struct pollfd *fds,nfds_t nfds, int timeout);//这个函数在测试程序中使用
应用程序中调用 select() 和 poll() 函数, 使进程进入睡眠之前,内核先检查设备驱动程序上有无对应事件的状态,此时可通过查看 poll() 函数的返回值获得相关信息.
返回值:能够在返回值上使用的宏变量有以下组合:
POLLIN, POLLPRI, POLLOUT, POLLERR, POLLHUP, POLLNVAL,  POLLRDNORM,  POLLRDBAND,  POLLWRNORM,  POLLWRBAND, POLLMSG,  POLLREMOVE 

这些值中使用最多的是下面几个组合:

POLLIN | POLLRDNORM 表示可读
POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM 表示可写
POLLERR 表示出错

void poll_wait(struct file *filp, wait_queue_head_t *queue, poll_table *wait);//驱动程序forth_drv_poll()里面调用这个函数
它的作用就是把当前进程添加到wait参数指定的等待列表(poll_table)中。需要注意的是这个函数是不会引起阻塞的,测试程序的poll才会导致休眠

二.驱动代码

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>


static struct class *forthdrv_class;
static struct class_device	*forthdrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;

/*生成一个等待队列头  */
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1，forth_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;


struct pin_desc{
	unsigned int pin;
	unsigned int key_val;
};


/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;

struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
	{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
	{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
	{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
	{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};


/*
  * 确定按键值
  */
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
	unsigned int pinval;
	
	pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);

	if (pinval)
	{
		/* 松开 */
		key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
	}
	else
	{
		/* 按下 */
		key_val = pindesc->key_val;
	}

    ev_press = 1;                  /* 表示中断发生了 */
    wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */

	
	return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}

static int forth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
	/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT0,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT2,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);	

	return 0;
}

ssize_t forth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	if (size != 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
	wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

	/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
	copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
	ev_press = 0;
	
	return 1;
}


int forth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
	return 0;
}

static unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
	unsigned int mask = 0;
	/*
	*void poll_wait(struct file *filp, wait_queue_head_t *queue, poll_table *wait);
     它的作用就是把当前进程添加到wait参数指定的等待列表(poll_table)中。需要注意的是这个函数是不会引起阻塞的,测试程序的poll才会导致休眠
	*/
	poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠,测试程序的poll才会导致休眠

	if (ev_press)
		mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;

	return mask;
}



static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
    .owner   =  THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
    .open    =  forth_drv_open,     
	.read	 =	forth_drv_read,	   
	.release =  forth_drv_close,
	.poll    =  forth_drv_poll,
};


int major;
static int forth_drv_init(void)
{
	major = register_chrdev(0, "forth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);

	forthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "forth_drv");

	forthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(forthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

	gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
	gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

	gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
	gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;

	return 0;
}

static void forth_drv_exit(void)
{
	unregister_chrdev(major, "forth_drv");
	class_device_unregister(forthdrv_class_dev);
	class_destroy(forthdrv_class);
	iounmap(gpfcon);
	iounmap(gpgcon);
	return 0;
}


module_init(forth_drv_init);

module_exit(forth_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

三.测试程序代码

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>


/* forthdrvtest 
  */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int fd;
	unsigned char key_val;
	int ret;

	struct pollfd fds[1];
	
	fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		printf("can't open!\n");
	}

	fds[0].fd     = fd;
	fds[0].events = POLLIN;
	while (1)
	{
		/*
		*int poll(struct pollfd *fds,nfds_t nfds, int timeout);
		*应用程序中调用 select() 和 poll() 函数, 使进程进入睡眠之前,内核先检查设备驱动程序上有无对应事件的状态,此时可通过查看 poll() 函数的返回值获得相关信息.
		返回值:能够在返回值上使用的宏变量有以下组合:
               POLLIN, POLLPRI, POLLOUT, POLLERR, POLLHUP, POLLNVAL,  POLLRDNORM,  POLLRDBAND,  POLLWRNORM,  POLLWRBAND, POLLMSG,  POLLREMOVE 

			   这些值中使用最多的是下面几个组合:
               POLLIN | POLLRDNORM 表示可读
               POLLOUT | POLLWRNORM 表示可写
               POLLERR 表示出错
		*/
		ret = poll(fds, 1, 5000);//第二个参数是查询一个,第三个参数是查询5000毫秒
		if (ret == 0)
		{
			printf("time out\n");
		}
		else
		{
			read(fd, &key_val, 1);
			printf("key_val = 0x%x\n", key_val);
		}
	}
	
	return 0;
}