（二十五）宾语从句

目录

回顾概念

回顾可作宾语的成分

宾语从句

that引起的宾语从句

由连接代词（副词）或连词whether (if)引起的宾语从句

关系代词型的what引起的宾语从句：

whatever这类词引导宾语从句：

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回顾概念

宾语表示动作的对象或动作承受者或动作的结果。注意：及物动词后面才有宾语。如help、write、build。

我们知道，动词短语也相当于一个动词，因此某些动词短语也是及物动词，因此也可以有宾语。如take care of ，come across。

当然还有直接宾语（物）和间接宾语（人），但是必须是特定的及物动词，如

give sb. sth.                 hand sb. sth.                          promise sb. sth.                       tell sb. sth

复合宾语（略）

回顾可作宾语的成分

名词： Show your boarding cards, please．请出示登机证。             May I have your attention, please．请大家注意。

代词：Do you want anything to drink？你要喝什么吗？                     I want a little．我要一点。

数词： I need two．我需要两个。                   They laid off one-third of their workers．他们临时解雇了三分之一的工人。

名词化的形容词：

 Take the injured to hospital immediately．立即把伤员送往医院。

Respect the old and cherish the young．敬老爱幼。

动名词：   We avoided talking about the subject．我们避免谈这个话题。       She enjoyed being praised．她喜欢人赞扬。

不定式：He offered to carry my bags．他主动要帮我提行李。                 Hope to see you soon．希望不久能见到你。

复合结构：

You'll find the pain easing up in a few hours．几个钟头后你就会发现疼痛减轻了。

I'll have my lungs X-rayed．我要把肺部透视一下。

从句： See that everything is ready by ten．设法把一切在十点钟前准备好。

Did you write down what she said？她说的话你都记下来了吗？ 

宾语从句

that引起的宾语从句

She saw that he was sleeping．她看见他在睡觉。

He answered that he was from Austria．他说他是奥地利人。

I suggested that it was time to leave．我提出该走了。

We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain．从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。

We intended that you should be invited．我们是打算邀请你的。

能接that作宾语从句的及物动词还有：acknowledg、eallege、believe、confess、determine、estimate、find、hint、intend、move、propose、recommend、request、sense、suspect、vote、add、announce、claim、confirm、direct、expert、forget、hope、know、order、prove、remember、require、shout、swear、wish、admit、answer、command、decide、discover、explain、guarantee、imagine、learn、predict、provide、reply、reveal、show、tell、advise、assure、comment、demand(not) 、doubt、fear、guess、inform、maintain、prefer、read、report、say、suggest、think、agree、boast、complain、deny、dream、feel、hear、insist、mean、promise、realize、reply、see、suppose、urge。

由连接代词（副词）或连词whether (if)引起的宾语从句

不少动词可跟连接代词（副词）where、how、why、what、which引导的宾语从句：

He asked me where I was going．他问我到哪儿去。

She inquired how we were getting on．她问我们情况怎样。

He wanted to know why we were so late．他想知道为什么我们来得这么晚。

I wonder what's happened．我想知道发生了什么事。

Only you can decide which one suits you best．只有你能决定哪一个最适合你。

Can you see what the sign says？你能看清招牌上写的是什么吗？

I can't think what his name is．我想不起他叫什么名字了。

这类动词还有：agree、describe、explain、hear、realize、say、think、ask、discover、express、imagine、recollect、see、understand、calculate、discuss、find、 out、inquire、remember、show、watch、care、enquire、forget、know、report、suggest、wonder、decide、exclaim、guess、learn、reveal、tell。

whether和if也可用来引起宾语从句：

I didn't know whether they liked the place．我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。

I'll see whether I can induce him to accept it．我要看看我是否能劝他接受。

I asked her whether she agreed．我问她是否同意。

He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish．他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。

I wonder if it's large enough．我不知道它是否够大。

She didn't say if he was still alive．她没说他是否还活着。

这种从句也可用作介词宾语：

It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation．这得看我们是否能得到他们的合作。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我为是否伤了她的感情而忧虑。

关系代词型的what引起的宾语从句：

I want to tell you what I hear．我想把听到的情况告诉你。

He could not express what he felt．他无法表达内心的感受。              She has got what she wanted．她要的东西得到了。

They did what they could to console her．他们尽量安慰她。               I'll do what I can．我将尽力而为。

They thought they could do what they liked with him．他们以为他们可以对他为所欲为。

也可用这种从句作介词的宾语：

I don't care about what people call position．我不在乎人们所说的地位。

He gave a description of what he had seen．他描绘了他看到的情况。

Philip was depressed by what he had gone through．他经历的事使菲利浦感到压抑。

He was not happy at what she had said．她说的话使他不高兴。

whatever这类词引导宾语从句：

I'll do whatever you want (me to)．你要我做什么我就做什么。

We'll do whatever we can to save him．我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。

She had to rely on whatever books she could find there．她不得不依靠她在那里能找到的书。

I'll take whichever books you don't want．你不要的任何书我都要。