MASM32编程访问结构体成员要注意的一点

紫郢剑侠

已于 2022-12-16 17:39:35 修改

阅读量478

点赞数 1

分类专栏： MASM32 源码解析原创作品文章标签： Windows MASM32 Visual Studio 操作系统版本操作系统位数

于 2022-11-27 14:59:15 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Purpleendurer/article/details/128063894

版权

原创作品同时被 3 个专栏收录

272 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

源码解析

136 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

MASM32

19 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

今天继续用MASM32编写调用Windows API函数GetNativeSystemInfo来检测Windows操作系统是32位还是64位的程序。

修改完善形成了下面的代码：

;<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
; 32or64.asm
;<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

.586
.model     flat, stdcall
option     casemap:none
include    \masm32\include\windows.inc
include    \masm32\include\kernel32.inc
includelib \masm32\lib\kernel32.lib
include    \masm32\include\user32.inc
includelib \masm32\lib\user32.lib

;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
;.const
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL   equ 0      ;x86
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM     equ 5      ;ARM
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64    equ 6      ;基于 Intel Itanium 的
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64   equ 9      ;x64 (AMD 或 Intel)
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64   equ 12     ;ARM64
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN equ 0ffffh ;未知体系结构。


_SYSTEM_INFO STRUCT
   UNION
     dwOemId DWORD ?
     STRUCT
        wProcessorArchitecture        WORD       ?
        wReserved                     WORD       ?
     ENDS
  ENDS
  dwPageSize                    DWORD      ?
  lpMinimumApplicationAddress   DWORD      ?
  lpMaximumApplicationAddress   DWORD      ?
  dwActiveProcessorMask         DWORD      ?
  dwNumberOfProcessors          DWORD      ?
  dwProcessorType               DWORD      ?
  dwAllocationGranularity       DWORD      ?
  wProcessorLevel               WORD       ?
  wProcessorRevision            WORD       ?
_SYSTEM_INFO ENDS

;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
.data
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
g_szCaption                 db    "Windows",0
g_sz32Bit                   db    "32位",0
g_sz64Bit                   db    "64位",0
g_szGetNativeSystemInfo     db    "GetNativeSystemInfo", 0
g_szkernel32Dll             db    "kernel32.dll", 0
g_szFailGetModuleHandle     db    "GetModuleHandle失败", 0
g_szFailGetProcAddress      db    "GetProcAddress失败", 0
g_szFailGetNativeSystemInfo db    "GetNativeSystemInfo失败", 0
g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo   dword ?
g_lpSI                      dword ?  ; SYSTEM_INFO


;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
.code
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
start:
      invoke GetModuleHandle, OFFSET g_szkernel32Dll
      .if    eax==NULL
             mov eax, OFFSET g_szFailGetModuleHandle
      .else
             invoke GetProcAddress, eax, OFFSET g_szGetNativeSystemInfo
             .IF eax==NULL
                 mov eax, OFFSET g_szFailGetProcAddress
             .ELSE
                 mov   g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo, eax
                 push  offset g_lpSI
                 call  g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo
                 mov   eax, g_lpSI
                 movzx eax,  (SYSTEM_INFO ptr [eax]).wProcessorArchitecture
                 .if (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64) || (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64) || (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64)
                      mov eax, OFFSET g_sz64Bit
                 .else
                      mov eax, OFFSET g_sz32Bit
                 .endif
             .ENDIF
      .endif
      invoke MessageBox, NULL, eax, OFFSET g_szCaption, MB_OK
      invoke ExitProcess, NULL
end start

代码顺利汇编和连接，生成了EXE，但运行时出错：

用OllDbg跟踪调试：

引发问题的代码是：

movzx eax,  (SYSTEM_INFO ptr [eax]).wProcessorArchitecture

回溯起来问题出在上一行代码：

mov   eax, g_lpSI

根源则在于汇编程序中的寻址方式，由于SYSTEM_INFO结构体的定义是公开透明的，我们可以手工算出成员的偏移地址来进行访问，但为了保证通用性和灵活性，一般我们是用基址+变址的方式来访问结构体成员的，把代码改成：

mov   eax, offset g_lpSI

这样程序就能顺利运行并给出结果：

再进一步完善：

;<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
; FileName: CpuArch.asm
; Function: Show CPU Architecture with API GetNativeSystemInfo
;   Author: PurpleEndurer
;   DevEnv: Windows 7 Ultimate 64bit + MASM32
; 
; Log:
;---------------------------------------------------------------
;  20221126 Created
;  20221127 Added c_showMoreInfo, getCpuArcInfo(), OK!
;<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
.586
.model     flat, stdcall
option     casemap:none
include    \masm32\include\windows.inc
include    \masm32\include\kernel32.inc
includelib \masm32\lib\kernel32.lib
include    \masm32\include\user32.inc
includelib \masm32\lib\user32.lib

;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
;proto
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
_GetNativeSystemInfo    TYPEDEF proto :DWORD
lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo TYPEDEF Ptr _GetNativeSystemInfo

getCpuArcInfo           proto

;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
;.const
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL   equ 0      ;x86
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM     equ 5      ;ARM
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64    equ 6      ;基于 Intel Itanium 的
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64   equ 9      ;x64 (AMD 或 Intel)
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64    equ 12     ;ARM64
;PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN equ 0ffffh ;未知体系结构。
c_showMoreInfo                  equ 1

_SYSTEM_INFO STRUCT
   UNION
     dwOemId DWORD ?
     STRUCT
        wProcessorArchitecture        WORD       ?
        wReserved                     WORD       ?
     ENDS
  ENDS
  dwPageSize                    DWORD      ?
  lpMinimumApplicationAddress   DWORD      ?
  lpMaximumApplicationAddress   DWORD      ?
  dwActiveProcessorMask         DWORD      ?
  dwNumberOfProcessors          DWORD      ?
  dwProcessorType               DWORD      ?
  dwAllocationGranularity       DWORD      ?
  wProcessorLevel               WORD       ?
  wProcessorRevision            WORD       ?
_SYSTEM_INFO ENDS

;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
.data
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
g_szCaption                 db    "Windows",0
g_szGetNativeSystemInfo     db    "GetNativeSystemInfo", 0
g_szkernel32Dll             db    "kernel32.dll", 0
g_szFailGetModuleHandle     db    "GetModuleHandle失败", 0
g_szFailGetProcAddress      db    "GetProcAddress失败", 0
g_szFailGetNativeSystemInfo db    "GetNativeSystemInfo失败", 0

if  c_showMoreInfo eq 0
    g_sz32Bit                          db "32位",0
    g_sz64Bit                          db "64位",0
else
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL   db "x86", 0               ; equ 0
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM     db "ARM", 0               ; equ 5
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64    db "IA64",0               ;equ 6,基于 Intel Itanium 的
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64   db "x64 (AMD 或 Intel)", 0; equ 9
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64   db "ARM64", 0             ;equ 12
    g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN db "Unknown", 0           ;equ 0ffffh,未知体系结构。
endif ;c_showMoreInfo

g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo   lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo ? ; dword ?
g_lpSI                      dword ?  ; SYSTEM_INFO


;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
.code
;sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
start:
      invoke GetModuleHandle, OFFSET g_szkernel32Dll
      .if    eax==NULL
             mov eax, OFFSET g_szFailGetModuleHandle
      .else
             invoke GetProcAddress, eax, OFFSET g_szGetNativeSystemInfo
             .IF eax==NULL
                 mov   eax, OFFSET g_szFailGetProcAddress
             .ELSE
                 mov    g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo, eax

                    ;push   OFFSET g_lpSI
                    ;call   g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo
                 invoke g_lpfnGetNativeSystemInfo, OFFSET g_lpSI

                 mov   eax, OFFSET g_lpSI ; mov   eax, g_lpSI will cause an exception!
                 movzx  eax,  [eax+SYSTEM_INFO.wProcessorArchitecture]    ;movzx eax,  (SYSTEM_INFO ptr [eax]).wProcessorArchitecture
                 
                 invoke getCpuArcInfo
             .ENDIF
      .endif
      invoke MessageBox, NULL, eax, OFFSET g_szCaption, MB_OK
      invoke ExitProcess, NULL


getCpuArcInfo proc ; dwCpuArc: dword
; input : eax=CpuArchitecture
; Output: eax=offset address of Cpu Architecture infomation string
IF  c_showMoreInfo eq 0
    .if (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64) || (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64) || (eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64)
        mov eax, OFFSET g_sz64Bit
    .else
        mov eax, OFFSET g_sz32Bit
    .endif
ELSE
    .if eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL
    .elseif eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM
     .elseif eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64
    .elseif eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64
    .elseif eax==PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64
    .else
        mov eax, OFFSET g_szPROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_UNKNOWN
    .endif
ENDIF ;c_showMoreInfo    
    ret
getCpuArcInfo endp

end start

程序运行结果：

如果用C++来完成，就没有这么折腾了，用Microsoft Visual Studio 2019来实现的代码如下：

// 32or64.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
//

#include "pch.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include <iostream>
#include "sysinfoapi.h"

int main()
{
    SYSTEM_INFO si;
    int         iCpuArc;

    GetNativeSystemInfo(&si);

    iCpuArc = si.wProcessorArchitecture;
    std::cout << "si.wProcessorArchitecture=";
    std::cout << iCpuArc;
    std::cout << "\nArchitecture:";
    switch (iCpuArc)
    {
    case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_INTEL:
        std::cout << "x86\n";
        break;
    case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM:
        std::cout << "ARM\n";
        break;
    case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_IA64:
        std::cout << "IA64\n";
        break;
    case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64:
        std::cout << "x64 (AMD 或 Intel)\n";
        break;
    case PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64:
        std::cout << "ARM64\n";
        break;
    default:
        std::cout << "UNKNOWN\n";
    }
}

// 运行程序: Ctrl + F5 或调试 >“开始执行(不调试)”菜单
// 调试程序: F5 或调试 >“开始调试”菜单

// 入门使用技巧: 
//   1. 使用解决方案资源管理器窗口添加/管理文件
//   2. 使用团队资源管理器窗口连接到源代码管理
//   3. 使用输出窗口查看生成输出和其他消息
//   4. 使用错误列表窗口查看错误
//   5. 转到“项目”>“添加新项”以创建新的代码文件，或转到“项目”>“添加现有项”以将现有代码文件添加到项目
//   6. 将来，若要再次打开此项目，请转到“文件”>“打开”>“项目”并选择 .sln 文件

运行结果如下：