目录
JDBC步骤
//注册MySQL驱动 (通常可以省略这一步)
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//连接服务器
String username= "root";
String password = "a1b2c3";
String connectionUrl ="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/af_school?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
//测试
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionUrl, username, password); //DriverManger调用connection接口获取三个参数
System.out.println("连接成功!"); //返回
conn.close(); //关闭资源
System.out.println("关闭连接!");
//插入main调用try catch
public statuc void main (String[] args)
{
try
{
testConnect();
}catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
常见问题
jdbc:mysql:// 表明连接的是MySQL服务器
127.0.0.1:3306 是服务器的IP和端口
af_school 是数据库名字
useUnicode和characterEncoding参数用于指定交互传输用的字符编码
下载mysql.jar包导入到项目中右键Buid Path
JDBC查询插入数据
package my;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
public class Test
{
public static void testInsert() throws Exception
{
/*
* JDBC链接数据
*/
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String username = "root";
String password = "131421xdd";
String connectionUrl = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/af_school?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionUrl, username, password);
System.out.println("连接成功!");
/*
* 查询语句
*/
// 数据库查询, Statement语句 ResultSet结果集
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM student");
// 如果有数据,rs.next()返回true
while (rs.next())
{
// 取出这一行记录
int id = rs.getInt("id");
String name = rs.getString("name");
String phone = rs.getString("phone"); // 可能为null
Date birthday = rs.getDate("birthday");
System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + phone + "\t" + birthday);
}
/*
* 插入数据
*/
String sql = "INSERT INTO student(`id`,`name`,`birthday`) " + "VALUES ('20181200', '韩', '1997-4-19') ";
System.out.println("SQL: " + sql);
Statement stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
stmt1.execute(sql);
int count = stmt1.getUpdateCount();
System.out.println("受影响的行数为: " + count);
//
conn.close();
System.out.println("关闭连接!");
}
/*
* 有自增主键时,可以取回新增的主键的值
*/
public static void testInsert2() throws Exception
{
// 连接MySQL服务器
String username = "root";
String password = "131421xdd";
String connectionUrl = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/af_school?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionUrl, username, password);
System.out.println("连接成功!");
///
String sql = "INSERT INTO leave_event(`stuId`,`daysFrom`,`daysTo`,`type`,`reason`) "
+ "VALUES ('20180004', '2018-03-24', '2018-03-30', '2', '出国') ";
System.out.println("SQL: " + sql);
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
stmt.execute(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS); // 获取主键的值
// 取得自动生成的主键的值
ResultSet rs = stmt.getGeneratedKeys();
while (rs.next())
{
int id = rs.getInt(1);
System.out.println("产生的主键是:" + id);
}
//
conn.close();
System.out.println("关闭连接!");
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
testInsert();
} catch (Exception e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
SQL语句
/*
SQLyog Ultimate v11.24 (32 bit)
MySQL - 5.6.39 : Database - af_school
*********************************************************************
*/
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `af_school` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;
USE `af_school`;
/*Table structure for table `exam` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `exam`;
CREATE TABLE `exam` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学号',
`chinese` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '语文成绩',
`english` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '英语成绩',
`math` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数学成线',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `exam` */
insert into `exam`(`id`,`chinese`,`english`,`math`) values (20180001,89,90,98),(20180002,78,82,93),(20180003,90,73,95),(20180004,88,98,83),(20180005,96,79,75),(20180006,77,98,82);
/*Table structure for table `leave_event` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `leave_event`;
CREATE TABLE `leave_event` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '请假记录ID',
`stuId` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学生ID',
`daysFrom` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '哪天开始',
`daysTo` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '哪天结束',
`type` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '类型,0病假,1事假',
`reason` varchar(256) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '事由',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `leave_event` */
insert into `leave_event`(`id`,`stuId`,`daysFrom`,`daysTo`,`type`,`reason`) values (1,20180001,'2018-01-02','2018-01-03',0,'感冒'),(2,20180001,'2018-03-06','2018-03-08',0,'发烧'),(3,20180003,'2018-03-01','2018-03-07',1,'出国旅游'),(4,20180005,'2018-03-07','2018-03-07',1,'家里有事'),(5,20180003,'2018-03-17','2018-03-18',0,'不舒服');
/*Table structure for table `student` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '学号',
`name` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
`sex` tinyint(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',
`phone` varchar(16) DEFAULT '13800000000' COMMENT '手机号',
`birthday` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `student` */
insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`sex`,`phone`,`birthday`) values (20180001,'盖聂',1,'1409900089','1982-03-09'),(20180002,'卫庄',1,'1282399999','1993-10-01'),(20180003,'张良',1,NULL,'1996-03-11'),(20180004,'伏念',1,NULL,'1982-09-24'),(20180005,'颜路',1,'13699292899','1983-11-21'),(20180006,'赤练',0,'13819289890','1998-03-12'),(20180007,'端木蓉',0,'13800000000','1978-05-12'),(20180008,'盗跖',1,'13410012908','1993-09-10'),(20180009,'白凤',1,'13509890090','1994-04-20'),(20180010,'天明',1,'18799891829','2002-04-19'),(20180011,'月儿',0,'13882938990','2003-06-10');
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;