drools中then部分的写法

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-24 11:52:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-24 11:52:47 发布

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文章标签： java 开发语言

原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/huan1993/p/16307954.html

版权

本文详细介绍了Drools中用于操作工作内存的方法，包括insert、insertLogical、update、modify和delete。通过具体的场景需求、DRL文件编写和Java代码示例，展示了它们如何影响规则匹配和对象状态。同时，讨论了Drools中规则的继承以及如何使用do {...}语法实现类似if-else if的效果。

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1、背景

此处介绍一下drools中then部分的写法，以及一些内置的方法，比如insert/delete/modify等等。同时也介绍一下rule的继承，和在when中实现if else if 等操作。

2、支持的方法

drools提供了一些内置的方法，这些方法会修改drools的工作内存中Fact对象的值。从而会导致重新进行模式匹配。

2.1 insert 插入对象到工作内存中

insert是向工作内存中插入对象，同时会导致重新进行规则的模式匹配。同时当规则不满足时，不会自动删除。

2.1.1 需求

当发生火灾Fire时，向工作内存中插入一个Alarm对象，告警发生后，删除工作内存中的Fire对象，然后检测Alarm对象是否还存在。

2.1.2 drl文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.insertmethod.Fire
import com.huan.drools.insertmethod.Alarm

rule "insert_发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象"
    when
        $fire: Fire()
    then
        System.out.println("1、发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象");
        insert(new Alarm($fire));
end

rule "insert_当规则内存中存在告警对象，进行告警，然后删除火灾对象"
    when
        $fire: Fire()
        $alarm: Alarm( fire == $fire )
    then
        System.out.println("2、进行告警，然后删除对应的火灾对象");
end

rule "insert_检测告警对象是否还是存在-01"
    when
        Alarm()
    then
        System.out.println("3、insert 插入的告警对象还存在");
        // 删除工作内存中的Fire对象
        delete($fire);
end

rule "insert_检测告警对象不存在"
    when
        not Alarm()
    then
        System.out.println("3、insert 插入的告警对象不存在");
end

此处使用的是 insert进行插入

2.1.3 部分java代码编写

// 将火灾对象插入到工作内存中
kieSession.insert(new Fire());
// 只触发规则名称以 insert_ 开头的规则
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("insert_"));

2.1.4 运行结果

1、发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象
2、进行告警，然后删除对应的火灾对象
3、insert 插入的告警对象还存在

2.1.5 结论

insert可以向工作内存中插入Fact对象。
insert方法调用后，会导致模式的重新匹配，导致之前不会执行的规则，重新执行。
insert方法插入到工作内存的对象，在规则不成立时，不会自动删除，需要手动删除，注意和insertLogical的区别

2.2 insertLogical 插入对象到工作内存中

insert是向工作内存中插入对象，同时会导致重新进行规则的模式匹配。同时当规则不满足时，会自动删除。

2.2.1 需求

当发生火灾Fire时，向工作内存中插入一个Alarm对象，告警发生后，删除工作内存中的Fire对象，然后检测Alarm对象是否还存在。

2.2.2 drl文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.Fire
import com.huan.drools.Alarm

rule "insertLogical_发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象"
    when
        $fire: Fire()
    then
        System.out.println("1、发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象");
        insertLogical(new Alarm($fire));
end

rule "insertLogical_当规则内存中存在告警对象，进行告警，然后删除火灾对象"
    when
        $fire: Fire()
        $alarm: Alarm( fire == $fire )
    then
        System.out.println("2、进行告警，然后删除对应的火灾对象");
        delete($fire);
end

rule "insertLogical_检测告警对象是否还是存在-01"
    when
        Alarm()
    then
        System.out.println("3、insertLogical 插入的告警对象还存在");
end

rule "insertLogical_检测告警对象不存在"
    when
        not Alarm()
    then
        System.out.println("3、insertLogical 插入的告警对象不存在");
end

此处使用的是insertLogical插入

2.2.3 部分java代码编写

kieSession.insert(new Fire());
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("insertLogical_"));

2.2.4 运行结果

1、发生火灾时，往工作内存中插入告警对象
2、进行告警，然后删除对应的火灾对象
3、insertLogical 插入的告警对象不存在

2.2.5 结论

insertLogical可以向工作内存中插入Fact对象。
insertLogical方法调用后，会导致模式的重新匹配，导致之前不会执行的规则，重新执行。
insertLogical方法插入到工作内存的对象，在规则不成立时，会自动删除注意和insert的区别

2.3、update 更新工作内存中的对象

update: 使用它来指定要更新的字段和整个相关Fact，并将更改通知 Drools 引擎。 Fact发生更改后，您必须在更改可能受更新值影响的另一个事实之前调用 update。 为避免此添加步骤，请改用 modify 方法。

2.3.1 需求

规则一： 当工作内存中存在火灾对象Fire，并且名字name为空时触发规则，同时在设置火灾的名字为大火灾。
规则二： 当火灾存在名字时，输出火灾名字

2.3.2 drl 文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.Fire
import com.huan.drools.Alarm

rule "update_当存在火灾对象时，设置一个火灾的名字"
    when
        $fire: Fire(name == null)
    then
        System.out.println("1、设置火灾名字");
        $fire.setName("大火灾");
        update($fire)
end

rule "update_当火灾对象存在名字时触发"
    when
        $fire: Fire(name != null)
    then
        System.out.println("2、火灾对象的名字为: " + $fire.getName());
end

2.3.3 部分java文件编写

kieSession.insert(new Fire());
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("update_"));

2.3.4 运行结果

1、设置火灾名字
2、火灾对象的名字为: 大火灾

2.3.4 结论

update会导致模式的重新匹配。
update会修改工作对象内存中的值。

2.4、modify 更新工作内存中的对象

modify： 使用它来指定要为Fact对象修改的字段并将更改通知 Drools 引擎。此方法提供了一种结构化的事实更新方法。它将更新操作与 setter 调用相结合以更改对象字段。

2.4.1 需求

2.4.2 drl 文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.Fire
import com.huan.drools.Alarm

rule "modify_当存在火灾对象时，设置一个火灾的名字"
    when
        $fire: Fire(name == null)
    then
        System.out.println("1、设置火灾名字");
        modify($fire){
            setName("大火灾")
        }
end

rule "modify_当火灾对象存在名字时触发"
    when
        $fire: Fire(name != null)
    then
        System.out.println("2、火灾对象的名字为: " + $fire.getName());
end

2.4.3 部分java文件编写

kieSession.insert(new Fire());
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("modify_"));

2.4.4 运行结果

1、设置火灾名字
2、火灾对象的名字为: 大火灾

2.4.5 结论

modify会导致模式的重新匹配。
modify会修改工作对象内存中的值。
一般情况下使用modify，不要使用update。

2.5 delete 删除工作内存中的对象

用法：delete(<object>)

retract也是和delete一样的效果，但是推荐使用delete。

3、drools变量的简单使用

package rules

rule "drools_变量的使用"
    when
        eval(true)
    then
        System.out.println("Match激活的当前触发规则: " + drools.getMatch());
        System.out.println("当前触发规则的名字: " + drools.getRule().getName());
        // System.out.println("终止规则执行fireUntilHalt(): " + drools.getKieRuntime().halt());
        // System.out.println("激活AgendaGroup组: " + drools.getKieRuntime().getAgenda().getAgendaGroup( "CleanUp" ).setFocus());

        System.out.println("获取所有全局变量: " + drools.getKieRuntime().getGlobals());
        // System.out.println("设置全局变量：" +  drools.getKieRuntime().setGlobal("username","huan"); );
        // System.out.println("获取查询结果：" + drools.getKieRuntime().getQueryResults());
end

4、规则的继承

4.1 需求

规则一： 如果用户(customer)的年龄(age)大于60岁，则打0.9折。
规则二： 在规则一的基础上，如果用户有车(car)，则可以免费停车(freeParking)。

4.2 drl文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.Customer
import com.huan.drools.Car

rule "rule_extends_规则一"
    when
        $c: Customer(age > 60)
    then
        modify($c){
            setDiscount(0.9)
        }
        System.out.println("触发规则一：用户年龄>60岁，打0.9折");
end

// 规则二继承规则一的条件
rule "rule_extends_规则二" extends "rule_extends_规则一"
    when
        $car: Car()
    then
        modify($car){
            setFreeParking(true)
        }
        System.out.println("触发规则二：用户有车，免费停车");
end

此处rule_extends_规则二继承了rule_extends_规则一，所以规则一的条件也继承了。

4.3 部分java代码

Car car = new Car();
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(65);
kieSession.insert(customer);
kieSession.insert(car);
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("rule_extends_"));

客户有车，并且年龄是65岁，满足上方的规则一和规则二

4.4 运行结果

触发规则一：用户年龄>60岁，打0.9折
触发规则二：用户有车，免费停车

4.5 结论

可以看到在rule上使用extends关键字，可以实现规则的继承。

5、使用do[...]语法重写上方继承的例子

5.1 需求

只要用户大于60岁，直接打0.9折，如果还有车，则可以免费停车。

5.2 drl文件编写

package rules

import com.huan.drools.Customer
import com.huan.drools.Car

rule "命名结果_rule"
    when
        $c: Customer(age > 60)
        do[giveDiscount] // 当上方的条件成立时执行 then [giveDiscount]
        $car: Car() // 此条件成立时，执行默认的 then
    then
        modify($car){
            setFreeParking(true)
        };
        System.out.println("用户有车，免费停车");
    then [giveDiscount]
        modify($c){
            setDiscount(0.9)
        };
        System.out.println("用户年龄>60岁，打0.9折");
end

解释： 见上方的规则文件里的注视

5.3 部分java代码编写

Car car = new Car();
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setAge(65);
kieSession.insert(customer);
kieSession.insert(car);
kieSession.fireAllRules(new RuleNameStartsWithAgendaFilter("命名结果_"));

5.4 运行结果

用户年龄>60岁，打0.9折
用户有车，免费停车

也实现了需求

5.5 结论

通过when中使用 do[名字] 然后 then then 名字 也可以实现。

6、实现 if else if 的效果

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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8as.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8at.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8au.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8aw.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ax.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ay.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8az.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a0.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a1.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a2.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a3.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a4.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a5.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a6.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a7.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a8.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8a9.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ba.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bb.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bc.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bn.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bo.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bq.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8br.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bs.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bt.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bu.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bv.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bw.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bx.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8by.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8bz.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b0.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b1.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b2.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b3.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b4.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b5.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b6.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b7.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b8.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8b9.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ca.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cb.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cc.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cd.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ce.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cg.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ch.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ci.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cm.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cn.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8co.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cp.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cq.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cr.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cs.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ct.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cu.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cv.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cw.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cx.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cy.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8cz.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c0.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c1.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c2.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c3.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c4.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c5.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c6.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c7.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c8.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8c9.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8da.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8db.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dc.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dd.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8de.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dg.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dh.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8di.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dj.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dk.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dl.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dy.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8dz.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d0.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d1.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d2.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d3.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d4.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d5.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d6.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d7.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d8.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8d9.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ea.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8eb.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ec.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ed.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ee.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ef.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8eg.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8eh.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ei.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ej.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ek.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8el.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8em.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8en.html
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https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8ds.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8er.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8es.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8et.html
https://www.36dianping.com/vs/d8eu.html

6.1 需求

完成类似 if else if else效果。见下方的各种执行结果。

6.2 规则文件

rule "if else-if"
    when
       $customer: Customer(age > 60) // 规则内存中存在Customer对象，并且age>60
        if($customer.getLevel() == 1) do[level1] // 用户的级别是1，执行then[level1],然后继续执行下方的条件
        else if ($customer.getLevel() == 2) break[level2] // 用户的级别是2，执行then[level2],不在执行下方的条件
        else do[levelOther] // 其他的level级别，执行then[levelOther],然后在执行下方的条件
        Car()
    then
        System.out.println("我执行了");
    then[level1]
        System.out.println("level1");
    then[level2]
        System.out.println("level2");
    then[levelOther]
        System.out.println("levelOther");
end

6.3 执行结果图

6.4 各种执行结果-也就是上图的解释

1、Customer的age小于60。
输出： 没有输出。
2、Customer的age大于60并且level=1，没有Car。
输出： level1
3、Customer的age大于60并且level=1，有Car。
输出： level1 我执行了
4、Customer的age大于60并且level=2，没有Car。
输出： level2
5、Customer的age大于60并且level=2，有Car。
输出： level2
6、Customer的age大于60并且level=3，没有Car。
输出： levelOther
7、Customer的age大于60并且level=3，有Car。
输出： levelOther 我执行了