一 回顾
我们在上一篇(Spring容器（IOC）源码解析（一）)已经看了Spring如何从XML配置文件加载为BeanDefinition并返回BeanFactory。
上图我们可以看出我们已经看完了粉色部分，这篇文章我们介绍剩余部分。
二 源码解析
我们回到refresh()方法接着往下看
AbstractApplicationContext.calss
// refresh()函数中包含了几乎所有的ApplicationContext中提供的全部功能
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
// 加锁，在创建容器过程中防止出现重复创建和销毁
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// 步骤记录有关在ApplicationStartup期间发生的特定阶段或操作的指标。
// StartupStep的生命周期如下：
// 1 该步骤是通过调用application.startup()来创建并被分配一个唯一的id 。
// 2 然后我们可以在处理过程中使用StartupStep.Tags添加一些附加信息
// 3 结束需要调用contextRefresh.end()标记
// 实现可以跟踪“执行时间”或步骤的其他指标。
// Spring5.3才开始有；主要对创建容器过程做一个记录标记，调用开始标记
StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");
// 准备刷新容器
// 准备工作，记录下容器的启动时间、标记“已启动”状态、处理配置文件中的占位符
prepareRefresh();
// 通知子类刷新内部bean工厂，初始化BeanFactory并进行XML文件的解析、读取
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
// 注1 准备beanFactory
// 设置 BeanFactory 的类加载器，添加几个 BeanPostProcessor，手动注册几个特殊的 bean
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// 【这里需要知道 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 这个知识点，Bean 如果实现了此接口，
// 那么在容器初始化以后，Spring 会负责调用里面的 postProcessBeanFactory 方法。】
// 这里是提供给子类的扩展点，到这里的时候，所有的 Bean 都加载、注册完成了，但是都还没有初始化
// 具体的子类可以在这步的时候添加一些特殊的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 的实现类或做点什么事
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
// 调用 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 各个实现类的 postProcessBeanFactory(factory) 方法
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
// 注册 BeanPostProcessor 的实现类，注意看和 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 的区别
// 此接口两个方法: postProcessBeforeInitialization 和 postProcessAfterInitialization
// 两个方法分别在 Bean 初始化之前和初始化之后得到执行。注意，到这里 Bean 还没初始化
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
beanPostProcess.end();
// Initialize message source for this context.
// 初始化当前 ApplicationContext 的 MessageSource，国际化
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
// 初始化当前 ApplicationContext 的事件广播器
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
// 从方法名就可以知道，典型的模板方法(钩子方法)，
// 具体的子类可以在这里初始化一些特殊的 Bean（在初始化 singleton beans 之前）
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
// 注册事件监听器，监听器需要实现 ApplicationListener 接口。这也不是我们的重点，过
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
// 注2 重点，重点，重点
// 初始化所有的 singleton beans
//（lazy-init 的除外）
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
// 最后，广播事件，ApplicationContext 初始化完成
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
// 销毁已经初始化的 singleton 的 Beans，以免有些 bean 会一直占用资源
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
contextRefresh.end();
}
}
}
// 注1 准备beanFactory
// 设置 BeanFactory 的类加载器，添加几个 BeanPostProcessor，手动注册几个特殊的 bean
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
// 设置 BeanFactory 的类加载器，我们知道 BeanFactory 需要加载类，也就需要类加载器，
// 这里设置为当前 ApplicationContext 的类加载器
beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
// 由spring.spel.ignore系统属性控制的布尔标志，指示 Spring 忽略 SpEL，即不初始化 SpEL 基础结构。
// 默认值为“假”。
if (!shouldIgnoreSpel) {
beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));
// Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
// 添加一个 BeanPostProcessor，这个 processor 比较简单，
// 实现了 Aware 接口的几个特殊的 beans 在初始化的时候，这个 processor 负责回调
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
// 忽略给定的自动装配依赖接口。
// 这通常由应用程序上下文用于注册以其他方式解析的依赖项，例如通过 BeanFactoryAware 的 BeanFactory 或通过 ApplicationContextAware 的 ApplicationContext。
// 默认情况下，仅忽略 BeanFactoryAware 接口。对于要忽略的其他类型，请为每种类型调用此方法
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationStartupAware.class);
// BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
// MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
// 使用相应的自动装配值注册一个特殊的依赖类型。
// 这适用于应该是可自动装配但在工厂中未定义为 bean 的工厂/上下文引用：例如，ApplicationContext 类型的依赖项解析为 bean 所在的 ApplicationContext 实例。
// 注意：在普通的 BeanFactory 中没有注册这样的默认类型，甚至没有为 BeanFactory 接口本身注册
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);
// Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
// 这个 BeanPostProcessor 也很简单，在 bean 实例化后，如果是 ApplicationListener 的子类，
// 那么将其添加到 listener 列表中，可以理解成：注册事件监听器
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));
// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
// 这里涉及到特殊的 bean，名为：loadTimeWeaver
if (!NativeDetector.inNativeImage() && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
/**
* 从下面几行代码我们可以知道，Spring 往往很 "智能" 就是因为它会帮我们默认注册一些有用的 bean，
* 我们也可以选择覆盖
*/
// Register default environment beans.
// 如果没有定义 "environment" 这个 bean，那么 Spring 会 "手动" 注册一个
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
}
// 如果没有定义 "systemProperties" 这个 bean，那么 Spring 会 "手动" 注册一个
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
}
// 如果没有定义 "systemEnvironment" 这个 bean，那么 Spring 会 "手动" 注册一个
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
}
// 如果没有定义 "applicationStartup" 这个 bean，那么 Spring 会 "手动" 注册一个
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_STARTUP_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_STARTUP_BEAN_NAME, getApplicationStartup());
}
}
// 注2 初始化所有的 singleton beans；（lazy-init 的除外）
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// Initialize conversion service for this context.
// 首先，初始化名字为 conversionService 的 Bean。
// 初始化的动作包装在 beanFactory.getBean(...) 中
if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
beanFactory.setConversionService(
beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
}
// Register a default embedded value resolver if no BeanFactoryPostProcessor
// (such as a PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
// 如果之前没有注册任何 BeanFactoryPostProcessor（例如 PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer bean），
// 则注册一个默认的嵌入值解析器，主要用于注释属性值的解析。
if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
}
// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
// 先初始化 LoadTimeWeaverAware 类型的 Bean
// 一般用于织入第三方模块，在 class 文件载入 JVM 的时候动态织入
String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
getBean(weaverAwareName);
}
// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
// 停止使用类型匹配的临时类加载器
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);
// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
// 没什么别的目的，因为到这一步的时候，Spring 已经开始预初始化 singleton beans 了，
// 肯定不希望这个时候还出现 bean 定义解析、加载、注册。
// 冻结所有 bean 定义，表明注册的 bean 定义不会被进一步修改或后处理。
// 这允许工厂积极缓存 bean 定义元数据
beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
// 开始初始化剩下的
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}DefaultListableBeanFactory.class -> beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
// 初始化剩余bean（除懒加载外）
@Override
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
}
// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
// 获取所有的bean定义的名字，并保存在集合List里面。
List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
// 触发所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 的初始化操作
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
// 合并父 Bean 中的配置，注意 <bean id="" class="" parent="" /> 中的 parent
RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
// 非抽象、非懒加载的 singletons。如果配置了 'abstract = true'，那是不需要初始化的
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
// 处理 FactoryBean
// 官方注释对FactoryBean解释：由BeanFactory中使用的对象实现的接口，这些对象本身是单个对象的工厂。 如果一个 bean 实现了这个接口，它就被用作一个对象暴露的工厂，而不是直接作为一个将暴露自己的 bean 实例。
// 注意：实现此接口的 bean 不能用作普通 bean。FactoryBean 以 bean 样式定义，但为 bean 引用公开的对象 ( getObject() ) 始终是它创建的对象。
// FactoryBeans 可以支持单例和原型，并且可以根据需要懒惰地或在启动时急切地创建对象。SmartFactoryBean接口允许公开更细粒度的行为元数据。
// 该接口在框架本身中被大量使用，例如用于 AOP org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean或org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean 。它也可以用于自定义组件；然而，这仅适用于基础设施代码。
// FactoryBean是一个程序化契约。实现不应该依赖于注释驱动的注入或其他反射设施。getObjectType() getObject()调用可能会在引导过程的早期到达，甚至在任何后处理器设置之前。如果您需要访问其他 bean，请实现BeanFactoryAware并以编程方式获取它们。
// 容器只负责管理FactoryBean 实例的生命周期，而不负责管理FactoryBean 创建的对象的生命周期。因此，暴露的 bean 对象（例如java.io.Closeable.close()上的 destroy 方法不会被自动调用。相反，FactoryBean 应该实现DisposableBean并将任何此类关闭调用委托给底层对象。
// 最后，FactoryBean 对象参与包含 BeanFactory 的 bean 创建同步。除了 FactoryBean 本身（或类似的）内部的延迟初始化之外，通常不需要内部同步
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
// FactoryBean 的话，在 beanName 前面加上 ‘&’ 符号。再调用 getBean
Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
// 判断当前 FactoryBean 是否是 SmartFactoryBean 的实现
boolean isEagerInit;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
}
if (isEagerInit) {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
else {
// 对于普通的 Bean，只要调用 getBean(beanName) 这个方法就可以进行初始化了
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
// 到这里说明所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 已经完成了初始化
// 如果我们定义的 bean 是实现了 SmartInitializingSingleton 接口的，那么在这里得到回调，忽略
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
StartupStep smartInitialize = this.getApplicationStartup().start("spring.beans.smart-initialize")
.tag("beanName", beanName);
SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
smartInitialize.end();
}
}
}AbstractBeanFactory.class -> getBean(beanName);
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
// 我们在剖析初始化 Bean 的过程，但是 getBean 方法我们经常是用来从容器中获取 Bean 用的
// 已经初始化过了就从容器中直接返回，否则就先初始化再返回
protected <T> T doGetBean(
String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
// 获取一个 beanName，处理两种情况，一个是前面说的 FactoryBean(前面带 ‘&’)，
// 一个是别名问题，因为这个方法是 getBean，获取 Bean 用的，你要是传一个别名进来，是完全可以的
String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
// 注意跟着这个，这个是返回值
Object beanInstance;
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
// 检查下是不是已经创建过了
// 快速判断单例缓存中是否存在该bean，如果存在则返回单例bean；否则返回null
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
// 这里说下 args 呗，虽然看上去一点不重要。前面我们一路进来的时候都是 getBean(beanName)，
// 所以 args 其实是 null 的，但是如果 args 不为空的时候，那么意味着调用方不是希望获取 Bean，而是创建 Bean
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
// 下面这个方法：如果是普通 Bean 的话，直接返回 sharedInstance，
// 如果是 FactoryBean 的话，返回它创建的那个实例对象
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
// 当前线程已经创建过了此 beanName 的 prototype 类型的 bean，那么抛异常
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
// 检查一下这个 BeanDefinition 在容器中是否存在
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
// 如果当前容器不存在这个 BeanDefinition，试试父容器中有没有
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
// 返回父容器的查询结果
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else if (requiredType != null) {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
else {
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
}
}
// 标记该bean已经被创建
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
// typeCheckOnly 为 false，将当前 beanName 放入一个 alreadyCreated 的 Set 集合中。
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
StartupStep beanCreation = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.beans.instantiate")
.tag("beanName", name);
/*
* 到这里的话，要准备创建 Bean 了，对于 singleton 的 Bean 来说，容器中还没创建过此 Bean；
* 对于 prototype 的 Bean 来说，本来就是要创建一个新的 Bean。
*/
try {
if (requiredType != null) {
beanCreation.tag("beanType", requiredType::toString);
}
// 返回bean的定义信息，包括bean的scope、依赖、是否进行懒加载等定义
RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
// 先初始化依赖的所有 Bean，这个很好理解。
// 注意，这里的依赖指的是 depends-on 中定义的依赖
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
// 检查是不是有循环依赖，这里的循环依赖和我们前面说的循环依赖又不一样，这里肯定是不允许出现的，不然要乱套了
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
// 注册一下依赖关系
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
// 先初始化被依赖项
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// Create bean instance.
// 创建 singleton 的实例
// 开始创建这个bean，注意这里使用的lambda表达式，传入的是一个AbstracBeanFactory
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
// 执行创建 Bean
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
// 从单例缓存中显式删除实例：它可能已被创建过程急切地放在那里，以允许循环引用解析。
// 还要删除收到对 bean 的临时引用的所有 bean
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
// 获取给定 bean 实例的对象，如果是 FactoryBean，则是 bean 实例本身或其创建的对象
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 创建 prototype 的实例
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
// 创建原型之前的回调。默认实现将原型注册为当前正在创建
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
// 执行创建 Bean
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 如果不是 singleton 和 prototype 的话，需要委托给相应的实现类来处理
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(scopeName)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No scope name defined for bean ´" + beanName + "'");
}
Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
// 执行创建 Bean
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new ScopeNotActiveException(beanName, scopeName, ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
beanCreation.tag("exception", ex.getClass().toString());
beanCreation.tag("message", String.valueOf(ex.getMessage()));
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
finally {
beanCreation.end();
}
}
// 检查所需类型是否与实际 bean 实例的类型匹配
// requiredType如果是bean类型，转换后返回，如果为空或不是该类型直接返回
return adaptBeanInstance(name, beanInstance, requiredType);
}DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.class -> getSingleton(beanName);
// 尝试从缓存中获取单例对象，如果缓存中有该单例对象，并且该对象正在被创建，则从缓存中获取。
@Override
@Nullable
public Object getSingleton(String beanName) {
return getSingleton(beanName, true);
}
@Nullable
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
// Quick check for existing instance without full singleton lock
// singletonObjects是一个单例缓存，是一个ConcurrentHashMap
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
// 从缓存中获取单例对象、判断对象是否正在被创建
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
// Consistent creation of early reference within full singleton lock
singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}
public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
// 对于单例bean的获取，是要获得“单例缓存”的锁的，否则无法操作bean的获取。
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,
"Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +
"(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
// bean创建之前的回调方法
beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
boolean newSingleton = false;
boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
}
try {
// 尝试从单例工厂获取单例bean
// 这里的singletonFactory是由方法参数传进来的一个lambda表达式，这个singletonFactory是一个AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory实例
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
newSingleton = true;
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
// Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->
// if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.
singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null) {
throw ex;
}
}
catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
}
}
throw ex;
}
finally {
if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
this.suppressedExceptions = null;
}
// 单例bean创建过后的回调方法
afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
}
if (newSingleton) {
addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
}
}
return singletonObject;
}
}AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.class -> createBean(beanName, mbd, args)
// 创建 bean 实例、填充 bean 实例、应用后处理器等
protected abstract Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException;
@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
// 确保 BeanDefinition 中的 Class 被加载
// 调用实例化前的后置处理器，在这个后置处理器中可以对bean进行处理，可以返回由后置处理器处理的bean而不是被实例化的bean。
// 换句话说就是这里可以拦截住bean的实例化
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// Prepare method overrides.
try {
// 准备方法覆写，这里又涉及到一个概念：MethodOverrides，它来自于 bean 定义中的 <lookup-method /> 和 <replaced-method />
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
// 让 BeanPostProcessor 在这一步有机会返回代理，而不是 bean 实例，
// 要彻底了解清楚这个，需要去看 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
try {
// 注1 创建 bean
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
}
// 注1 创建bean
// 实际创建指定的bean。预创建处理此时已经发生，例如检查postProcessBeforeInstantiation回调。
// 区分默认 bean 实例化、工厂方法的使用和自动装配构造函数
protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
// 创建一个包装类，用于包装真正要创建的bean。
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
// 注1 使用适当的实例化策略例如：工厂方法、构造函数自动装配或者简单实例化 来为指定bean创建新的实例。这里仅仅是简单的实例化，为bean设置默认初始值
// 也就是name为null，age为0。此时instanceWrapper还只是一个包装bean，并不是一个真正意义上的bean。
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// 只需要在BeanWrapper里取出WrapperInstance即可。
// 接下来就是要拿这个创建好的bean和BeanDefinition进行实例化
Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
// 获取bean的类型
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
// 调用后置处理器去修改bean的定义信息
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
// 下面这块代码是为了解决循环依赖的问题
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
// 实例化一个真正使用的bean
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
// 负责属性装配，因为前面的实例只是初始化，并没有设值，这里就是设值
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
// 还记得 init-method 吗？还有 InitializingBean 接口？还有 BeanPostProcessor 接口？
// 这里就是处理 bean 初始化完成后的各种回调
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
// 注1 使用适当的实例化策略例如：工厂方法、构造函数自动装配或者简单实例化 来为指定bean创建新的实例。这里仅仅是简单的实例化，为bean设置默认初始值
// 也就是name为null，age为0。此时instanceWrapper还只是一个包装bean，并不是一个真正意义上的bean。
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
// 确保已经加载了此 class
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
// 校验一下这个类的访问权限
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
if (instanceSupplier != null) {
return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
}
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
// 采用工厂方法实例化，注意，不是 FactoryBean
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
// 如果不是第一次创建，比如第二次创建 prototype bean。
// 这种情况下，我们可以从第一次创建知道，采用无参构造函数，还是构造函数依赖注入 来完成实例化
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
// 构造函数依赖注入
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
// 无参构造函数
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// Candidate constructors for autowiring?
// 判断是否采用有参构造函数
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
// 构造函数依赖注入
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
// Preferred constructors for default construction?
ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
if (ctors != null) {
// 构造函数依赖注入
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
}
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
// 注1 调用无参构造函数
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
// 注1 调用无参构造函数
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this),
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 实例化
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this);
}
// 包装一下，返回
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}SimpleInstantiationStrategy.class -> beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this);
// 返回此工厂中具有给定名称的 bean 实例
@Override
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
// Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
// 如果不存在方法覆写，那就使用 java 反射进行实例化，否则使用 CGLIB
if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
if (constructorToUse == null) {
final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
if (clazz.isInterface()) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
}
try {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
}
else {
constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
}
bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
}
}
}
// 利用构造方法进行实例化
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
}
else {
// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
// 存在方法覆写，利用 CGLIB 来完成实例化，需要依赖于 CGLIB 生成子类
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
}
}AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.class -> populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper)
// 对创建出的Bean进行赋值填充
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
if (bw == null) {
if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
}
else {
// Skip property population phase for null instance.
return;
}
}
// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
// to support styles of field injection.
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) {
if (!bp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
return;
}
}
}
// bean 实例的所有属性都在这里
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
int resolvedAutowireMode = mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode();
// 如果设置的是自动装配模式，则由自动装配来进行赋值
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
// 通过bean名自动装配
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
// 通过名字找到所有属性值，如果是 bean 依赖，先初始化依赖的 bean。记录依赖关系
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
// 通过bean类型自动装配
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != AbstractBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = null;
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
if (pvs == null) {
pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
}
for (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessorCache().instantiationAware) {
PropertyValues pvsToUse = bp.postProcessProperties(pvs, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvsToUse == null) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
// 这里有个非常有用的 BeanPostProcessor 进到这里: AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
// 对采用 @Autowired、@Value 注解的依赖进行设值
pvsToUse = bp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvsToUse == null) {
return;
}
}
pvs = pvsToUse;
}
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
if (filteredPds == null) {
filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
}
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}
if (pvs != null) {
// 注1 对bean进行赋值
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
}
// 注1 对bean进行赋值，使用深拷贝对bean进行填充赋值
protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
}
MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
// 源属性值
List<PropertyValue> original;
if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
try {
bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
return;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
}
else {
original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
}
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);
// Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
// 拷贝值；创建一个深拷贝副本，应用于任何bean引用此bean的情况
List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());
boolean resolveNecessary = false;
for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
if (pv.isConverted()) {
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
String propertyName = pv.getName();
Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
if (originalValue == AutowiredPropertyMarker.INSTANCE) {
Method writeMethod = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName).getWriteMethod();
if (writeMethod == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Autowire marker for property without write method: " + pv);
}
originalValue = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(writeMethod, 0), true);
}
Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
if (convertible) {
convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
}
// Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
// in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
// 可能在合并的bean定义中存储转换后的值，以避免为每个创建的bean实例重新转换
if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
if (convertible) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
}
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
resolveNecessary = true;
deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
}
}
}
if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
mpvs.setConverted();
}
// Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
// 将深拷贝属性数组填充到beanWrapper中。这里就真正的将属性值填充到了bean上，实现了
try {
bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.class -> initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd)
// 处理回调
protected Object initializeBean(String beanName, Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 如果 bean 实现了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口，回调
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessBeforeInitialization 回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
try {
// 处理 bean 中定义的 init-method
// 或者如果 bean 实现了 InitializingBean 接口，调用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessAfterInitialization 回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}三 UML类图
bean初始化到实例化再到增强处理器，通知等
四 总结
这篇文章主要从黄色部分到完成，先进行BeanFactory增强处理，接着对bean进行初始化，填充属性，执行相关增强或init方法，bean实例化完成
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