python编程--API可视化数据

调取GitHub数据资源

API（Application Programming Interface，应用程序接口）

数据资源

import requests
import pygal
from pygal.style import LightColorizedStyle as LCS, LightenStyle as LS


url = 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q=language:python&sort=stars'
r = requests.get(url)
print("Status code:", r.status_code)  # 200 表示成功

response_dict = r.json()  # 将API响应存储在一个变量中
print("Total repositories:", response_dict['total_count'])

repo_dicts = response_dict['items']

names, plot_dicts = [], []
for repo_dict in repo_dicts:
    names.append(repo_dict['name'])

    # 研究有关仓库的信息（若有）
    description = repo_dict['description']
    if not description:
        description = "No description provided."

    # 添加鼠标指向的信息提示
    plot_dict = {
        'value': repo_dict['stargazers_count'],
        'label': description,
        'xlink': repo_dict['html_url'],  # 单机柱状条可以连接到GitHub的这个项目
        }
    plot_dicts.append(plot_dict)

# 绘图
my_style = LS('#333366', base_style=LCS)  # 深蓝色。LightenStyle(LS)  # LightColorizedStyle(LCS)
my_style.title_font_size = 24
my_style.label_font_size = 14
my_style.major_label_font_size = 18

my_config = pygal.Config()
my_config.x_label_rotation = 45
my_config.show_legend = False
my_config.truncate_label = 15
my_config.show_y_guides = False
my_config.width = 1000
chart = pygal.Bar(my_config, style=my_style)

chart.title = 'Most-Starred Python Projects on GitHub'
chart.x_labels = names

chart.add('', plot_dicts)
chart.render_to_file('python_repos.svg')

若运行不成功可能是GitHub下载速率限制： https://api.github.com/rate_limit

探索如何使用其他网站的API调用

Hacker News（http://news.ycombinator. com/）
下面的调用返回本书编写时最热门的文章的信息：
https://hacker-news.firebaseio.com/v0/item/9884165.json

import requests

from operator import itemgetter

# Make an API call, and store the response.
url = 'https://hacker-news.firebaseio.com/v0/topstories.json'
r = requests.get(url)
print("Status code:", r.status_code)

# Process information about each submission.
submission_ids = r.json()
submission_dicts = []
for submission_id in submission_ids[:30]:
    # Make a separate API call for each submission.
    url = ('https://hacker-news.firebaseio.com/v0/item/' +
            str(submission_id) + '.json')
    submission_r = requests.get(url)
    print(submission_r.status_code)
    response_dict = submission_r.json()
    
    submission_dict = {
        'title': response_dict['title'],
        'link': 'http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=' + str(submission_id),
        'comments': response_dict.get('descendants', 0)
        }
    submission_dicts.append(submission_dict)
    
submission_dicts = sorted(submission_dicts, key=itemgetter('comments'),
                            reverse=True)

for submission_dict in submission_dicts:
    print("\nTitle:", submission_dict['title'])
    print("Discussion link:", submission_dict['link'])
    print("Comments:", submission_dict['comments'])