查看设备网卡状态

运维过程中，经常会出现需要确认网卡连接状态的情况，除了可以去现场摸线排查，还可以通过网络设备和服务器的ARP对应关系确认，当然也可以仅从服务器端进行确认，以下就简单介绍从服务器端确认网卡物理链路连接状态的几种方法

1.通过带外确认网卡状态

登陆ILO或者IDRAC之类页面，通过查看网卡状态可以确认

HPE相关设备登陆ILO

 DELL相关设备登陆IDRAC

 2.通过操作系统确认网卡状态

2.1Windows Server

直接查看网卡状态

 也可以通过服务器管理，确认绑定对应关系

 

2.2RHEL 7

可以通过以下命令确认网卡当前状态（链路状态正常的端口会有数据包经过，关注bytes和packets）

$ cat /proc/net/dev
Inter-|   Receive                                                |  Transmit
 face |bytes    packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast|bytes    packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed
  eno1: 591923457589 3738583108    0    0    0     0          0  11448856 1679661440973 3527025712    0    0    0     0       0          0
  eno2: 1566607787 16157364    0    0    0     0          0  11464336 1922230323 4093529    0    0    0     0       0          0
  eno3:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0
  eno4:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0
 bond0: 593490065376 3754740472    0  500    0     0          0  22913192 1681583671296 3531119241    0    0    0     0       0          0
    lo: 2542909329956 2849939732    0    0    0     0          0         0 2542909329956 2849939732    0    0    0     0       0          0
virbr0-nic:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0
virbr0:       0       0    0    0    0     0          0         0        0       0    0    0    0     0       0          0

通过ethtool再次确认网卡连接状态（关注最后Link detected状态为yes）

 ethtool eno1
Settings for eno1:
        Supported ports: [ TP ]
        Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
        Supported pause frame use: No
        Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
        Supported FEC modes: Not reported
        Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
        Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric
        Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
        Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
        Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
                                             100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
                                             1000baseT/Full
        Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
        Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
        Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
        Speed: 1000Mb/s
        Duplex: Full
        Port: Twisted Pair
        PHYAD: 1
        Transceiver: internal
        Auto-negotiation: on
        MDI-X: on
Cannot get wake-on-lan settings: Operation not permitted
        Current message level: 0x000000ff (255)
                               drv probe link timer ifdown ifup rx_err tx_err
        Link detected: yes

做过绑定的可以通过以下命令确认网卡绑定关系（主要关注MII Status为UP）

$ cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)

Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup)
Primary Slave: eno1 (primary_reselect always)
Currently Active Slave: eno1
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0

Slave Interface: eno1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 2
Permanent HW addr: 20:xx:xx:xx:xx:2c
Slave queue ID: 0

Slave Interface: eno2
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 2
Permanent HW addr: 20:xx:xx:xx:xx:2d
Slave queue ID: 0

2.3 虚拟化宿主机

登陆VC，选择对应宿主机，点击配置→查看物理适配器→右侧实际速率可以体现链路连接状态，另外右侧可以查看到端口和虚拟交换机对应关系