牛客SQL每日一题之SQL136 每类试卷得分前3名

SQL136 每类试卷得分前3名

描述

现有试卷信息表examination_info（exam_id试卷ID, tag试卷类别, difficulty试卷难度, duration考试时长, release_time发布时间）：

id	exam_id	tag	difficulty	duration	release_time
1	9001	SQL	hard	60	2021-09-01 06:00:00
2	9002	SQL	hard	60	2021-09-01 06:00:00
3	9003	算法	medium	80	2021-09-01 10:00:00

试卷作答记录表exam_record（uid用户ID, exam_id试卷ID, start_time开始作答时间, submit_time交卷时间, score得分）：

id	uid	exam_id	start_time	submit_time	score
1	1001	9001	2021-09-01 09:01:01	2021-09-01 09:31:00	78
2	1002	9001	2021-09-01 09:01:01	2021-09-01 09:31:00	81
3	1002	9002	2021-09-01 12:01:01	2021-09-01 12:31:01	81
4	1003	9001	2021-09-01 19:01:01	2021-09-01 19:40:01	86
5	1003	9002	2021-09-01 12:01:01	2021-09-01 12:31:51	89
6	1004	9001	2021-09-01 19:01:01	2021-09-01 19:30:01	85
7	1005	9003	2021-09-01 12:01:01	2021-09-01 12:31:02	85
8	1006	9003	2021-09-07 10:01:01	2021-09-07 10:21:01	84
9	1003	9003	2021-09-08 12:01:01	2021-09-08 12:11:01	40
10	1003	9002	2021-09-01 14:01:01	(NULL)	(NULL)

找到每类试卷得分的前3名，如果两人最大分数相同，选择最小分数大者，如果还相同，选择uid大者。由示例数据结果输出如下：

tid	uid	ranking
SQL	1003	1
SQL	1004	2
SQL	1002	3
算法	1005	1
算法	1006	2
算法	1003	3

解释：有作答得分记录的试卷tag有SQL和算法，SQL试卷用户1001、1002、1003、1004有作答得分，最高得分分别为81、81、89、85，最低得分分别为78、81、86、40，因此先按最高得分排名再按最低得分排名取前三为1003、1004、1002。

示例1

输入：

drop table if exists examination_info,exam_record;
CREATE TABLE examination_info (
    id int PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增ID',
    exam_id int UNIQUE NOT NULL COMMENT '试卷ID',
    tag varchar(32) COMMENT '类别标签',
    difficulty varchar(8) COMMENT '难度',
    duration int NOT NULL COMMENT '时长',
    release_time datetime COMMENT '发布时间'
)CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

CREATE TABLE exam_record (
    id int PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '自增ID',
    uid int NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
    exam_id int NOT NULL COMMENT '试卷ID',
    start_time datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '开始时间',
    submit_time datetime COMMENT '提交时间',
    score tinyint COMMENT '得分'
)CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

INSERT INTO examination_info(exam_id,tag,difficulty,duration,release_time) VALUES
  (9001, 'SQL', 'hard', 60, '2021-09-01 06:00:00'),
  (9002, 'SQL', 'hard', 60, '2021-09-01 06:00:00'),
  (9003, '算法', 'medium', 80, '2021-09-01 10:00:00');

INSERT INTO exam_record(uid,exam_id,start_time,submit_time,score) VALUES
(1001, 9001, '2021-09-01 09:01:01', '2021-09-01 09:31:00', 78),
(1001, 9001, '2021-09-01 09:01:01', '2021-09-01 09:31:00', 81),
(1002, 9002, '2021-09-01 12:01:01', '2021-09-01 12:31:01', 81),
(1003, 9001, '2021-09-01 19:01:01', '2021-09-01 19:40:01', 86),
(1003, 9002, '2021-09-01 12:01:01', '2021-09-01 12:31:51', 89),
(1004, 9001, '2021-09-01 19:01:01', '2021-09-01 19:30:01', 85),
(1005, 9003, '2021-09-01 12:01:01', '2021-09-01 12:31:02', 85),
(1006, 9003, '2021-09-07 10:01:01', '2021-09-07 10:21:01', 84),
(1003, 9003, '2021-09-08 12:01:01', '2021-09-08 12:11:01', 40),
(1003, 9002, '2021-09-01 14:01:01', null, null);

输出：

SQL|1003|1
SQL|1004|2
SQL|1002|3
算法|1005|1
算法|1006|2
算法|1003|3

答案

SELECT tid,uid,ranking
FROM (SELECT ei.tag AS tid,uid,
		ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY ei.tag ORDER BY max(er.score) DESC, min(er.score) DESC, er.uid DESC) AS ranking
			FROM exam_record AS er
			LEFT JOIN examination_info AS ei ON ei.exam_id = er.exam_id
			GROUP BY ei.tag,er.uid) AS K
WHERE K.ranking <= 3;