OracleDedicatedserver和Sharedserver（专用模式和共享模式)说明

原 Oracle Dedicated server 和 Shared server（专用模式 和 共享模式) 说明https://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5695784版权声明： https://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5695784
  一.  官网说明
       在DBCA 建库的时候，有提示让我们选择连接类型，这里有两种类型：专用服务器模式和共享服务器模式。默认使用专用模式。如下图：
    Oracle 官方文档对这两种文档的说明如下：
About Dedicated andShared Server Processes
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/manproc001.htm
         OracleDatabase creates server processes to handle the requests of user processesconnected to an instance. A server process can be either of the following:
       （1）A dedicated server process, which services only one userprocess
       （2）A shared server process, which can service multiple userprocesses
         Oracle 创建Server process 来处理user processes连接实例的的请求。 server process 分两种： dedicated server process和 sharedserver process。
         Yourdatabase is always enabled to allow dedicated server processes, but you mustspecifically configure and enable shared server by setting one ormore initialization parameters.
    1.1 Dedicated Server Processes
       Figure4-1, "Oracle Database Dedicated Server Processes" illustrateshow dedicated server processes work. In this diagram two user processes areconnected to the database through dedicated server processes.
         Ingeneral, it is better to be connected through a dispatcher and use ashared server process. This is illustrated in Figure4-2, "Oracle Database Shared Server Processes". A shared serverprocess can be more efficient because it keeps the number of processes requiredfor the running instance low.
              Inthe following situations, however, users and administrators should explicitlyconnect to an instance using a dedicated server process:
       在以上两种情况，需要显示的使用dedicated server process 去连接实例：
       （1）To submit a batch job (for example, when a job can allow little orno idle time for the server process)
       （2）To use Recovery Manager (RMAN) to back up, restore, or recover a database
         Torequest a dedicated server connection when Oracle Database is configured forshared server, users must connect using a net service name that is configuredto use a dedicated server. Specifically, the net service name value shouldinclude the SERVER=DEDICATED clause in the connect descriptor.
       如果数据库配置的是shared server，想要用dedicated server 去连接实例，就必须配置在net service name（tnsnames.ora）里指定SERVER=DEDICATED。

       Figure 4-1 OracleDatabase Dedicated Server Processes

1.2 Shared Server Processes
       Consideran order entry system with dedicated server processes. A customer phones theorder desk and places an order, and the clerk taking the call enters the orderinto the database. For most of the transaction, the clerk is on the telephonetalking to the customer. A server process is not needed during this time, sothe server process dedicated to the clerk's user process remains idle. Thesystem is slower for other clerks entering orders, because the idle serverprocess is holding system resources.
       Sharedserver architect