常见底层网络模型源码实现

常见网络模型

多线程模型

• 简单多线程模型，每次accept返回IO代表建立一个链接
• 该链接分配一个线程，由该线程去执行业务逻辑，由此实现高并发
• 此模型下逻辑简单，但不适合大量的数据，因为内存有限，很难突破C10K

#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define MAXLNE  4096

void *client_routine(void *arg) { //
	int connfd = *(int *)arg;
	char buff[MAXLNE];
	while (1) {
		int n = recv(connfd, buff, MAXLNE, 0);
        if (n > 0) {
            buff[n] = '\0';
            printf("recv msg from client: %s\n", buff);
	    	send(connfd, buff, n, 0);
        } else if (n == 0) {
            close(connfd);
			break;
        }
	}
	return NULL;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv) 
{
    int listenfd, connfd, n;
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    char buff[MAXLNE];
 
    if ((listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
        printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
 
    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(9999);
 
    if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1) {
        printf("bind socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
    if (listen(listenfd, 10) == -1) {
        printf("listen socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
    
    while (1) {
		struct sockaddr_in client;
	    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
	    if ((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &len)) == -1) {
	        printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
	        return 0;
	    }
		pthread_t threadid;//每来一个任务都分配给一个线程去执行
		pthread_create(&threadid, NULL, client_routine, (void*)&connfd);//void*是因为可能有多线程访问问题
    }
    close(listenfd);
    return 0;
}

select模型

• 多路IO复用，将IO交给内核去监控
• select是一个长1024的定长数组
• 但由于需要不断地用户态与内核态之间的拷贝，无法突破C1000K

int main(int argc, char **argv) 
{
    int listenfd, connfd, n;
    struct sockaddr_in servaddr;
    char buff[MAXLNE];
 
    if ((listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
        printf("create socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
 
    memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
    servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    servaddr.sin_port = htons(9999);
 
    if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) == -1) {
        printf("bind socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
 
    if (listen(listenfd, 10) == -1) {
        printf("listen socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
        return 0;
    }
	fd_set rfds, rset, wfds, wset;
	FD_ZERO(&rfds);
	FD_SET(listenfd, &rfds);
	FD_ZERO(&wfds);
	int max_fd = listenfd;

	while (1) {
		rset = rfds;
		wset = wfds;
		int nready = select(max_fd+1, &rset, &wset, NULL, NULL);
		if (FD_ISSET(listenfd, &rset)) { //
			struct sockaddr_in client;
		    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
		    if ((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &len)) == -1) {
		        printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
		        return 0;
		    }
			FD_SET(connfd, &rfds);
			if (connfd > max_fd) max_fd = connfd;
			if (--nready == 0) continue;
		}
		int i = 0;
		for (i = listenfd+1;i <= max_fd;i ++) {
			if (FD_ISSET(i, &rset)) { // 
				n = recv(i, buff, MAXLNE, 0);
		        if (n > 0) {
		            buff[n] = '\0';
		            printf("recv msg from client: %s\n", buff);
					FD_SET(i, &wfds);
					//reactor
					//send(i, buff, n, 0);
		        } else if (n == 0) { //
					FD_CLR(i, &rfds);
					//printf("disconnect\n");
		            close(i);			
		        }
				if (--nready == 0) break;
			} else if (FD_ISSET(i, &wset)) {
				send(i, buff, n, 0);
				FD_SET(i, &rfds);		
			}
		}
	}
    close(listenfd);
    return 0;
}

poll模型

struct pollfd fds[POLL_SIZE] = {0};
	fds[0].fd = listenfd;
	fds[0].events = POLLIN;

	int max_fd = listenfd;
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 1;i < POLL_SIZE;i ++) {
		fds[i].fd = -1;
	}

	while (1) {
		int nready = poll(fds, max_fd+1, -1);
		if (fds[0].revents & POLLIN) {
			struct sockaddr_in client;
		    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
		    if ((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &len)) == -1) {
		        printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
		        return 0;
		    }
			printf("accept \n");
			fds[connfd].fd = connfd;
			fds[connfd].events = POLLIN;
			if (connfd > max_fd) max_fd = connfd;
			if (--nready == 0) continue;
		}

		//int i = 0;
		for (i = listenfd+1;i <= max_fd;i ++)  {
			if (fds[i].revents & POLLIN) {
				n = recv(i, buff, MAXLNE, 0);
		        if (n > 0) {
		            buff[n] = '\0';
		            printf("recv msg from client: %s\n", buff);
					send(i, buff, n, 0);
		        } else if (n == 0) { //
					fds[i].fd = -1;
		            close(i);
		        }
				if (--nready == 0) break;
			}
		}
	}

epoll模型

int epfd = epoll_create(1); //int size
	struct epoll_event events[POLL_SIZE] = {0};//epoll的传出参数，之后读这个就可以了
	struct epoll_event ev;
	ev.events = EPOLLIN;
	ev.data.fd = listenfd;
	epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, listenfd, &ev);
	while (1) {
		int nready = epoll_wait(epfd, events, POLL_SIZE, 5);
		if (nready == -1) {
			continue;
		}
		int i = 0;
		for (i = 0;i < nready;i ++) {
			int clientfd =  events[i].data.fd;
			if (clientfd == listenfd) {
				struct sockaddr_in client;
			    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
			    if ((connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &len)) == -1) {
			        printf("accept socket error: %s(errno: %d)\n", strerror(errno), errno);
			        return 0;
			    }
				printf("accept\n");
				ev.events = EPOLLIN;
				ev.data.fd = connfd;
				epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, connfd, &ev);
			} else if (events[i].events & EPOLLIN) {
				printf("recv\n");
				n = recv(clientfd, buff, MAXLNE, 0);
		        if (n > 0) {
		            buff[n] = '\0';
		            printf("recv msg from client: %s\n", buff);
					send(clientfd, buff, n, 0);
		        } else if (n == 0) { //
					ev.events = EPOLLIN;
					ev.data.fd = clientfd;
					epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, clientfd, &ev);
		            close(clientfd);
		        }
			}
		}
	}