前言
本文主要简单分析一下 Flux 中 skip() 方法的基本使用和实现的原理
一、skipFirst
跳过发布的前N个元素
1、示例
生成0到4的序列，并跳过前2个元素
@Test
public void skipFirst() throws InterruptedException {
Flux.range(0, 5).skip(2).subscribe(System.out::println);
}
结果：
2
3
4
2、原理
下面分析一下实现的原理
（1）Flux.range(0, 5)
public static Flux<Integer> range(int start, int count) {
if (count == 1) {
return just(start);
}
if (count == 0) {
return empty();
}
//创建 FluxRange
return onAssembly(new FluxRange(start, count));
}
（2）skip(2)
public final Flux<T> skip(long skipped) {
if (skipped == 0L) {
return this;
}
else {
//创建 FluxSkip
return onAssembly(new FluxSkip<>(this, skipped));
}
}
（3）subscribe(System.out::println)
public final Disposable subscribe(Consumer<? super T> consumer) {
Objects.requireNonNull(consumer, "consumer");
return subscribe(consumer, null, null);
}
public final Disposable subscribe(
@Nullable Consumer<? super T> consumer,
@Nullable Consumer<? super Throwable> errorConsumer,
@Nullable Runnable completeConsumer) {
return subscribe(consumer, errorConsumer, completeConsumer, (Context) null);
}
public final Disposable subscribe(
@Nullable Consumer<? super T> consumer,
@Nullable Consumer<? super Throwable> errorConsumer,
@Nullable Runnable completeConsumer,
@Nullable Context initialContext) {
//创建 LambdaSubscriber
return subscribeWith(new LambdaSubscriber<>(consumer, errorConsumer,
completeConsumer,
null,
initialContext));
}
（4）subscribeWith()
public final <E extends Subscriber<? super T>> E subscribeWith(E subscriber) {
subscribe(subscriber);
return subscriber;
}
（4）subscribe()
构建发布者订阅者的执行链
发布者 ： FluxRange
订阅者：SkipSubscriber -> LambdaSubscriber -> consumer
public final void subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> actual) {
CorePublisher publisher = Operators.onLastAssembly(this);
CoreSubscriber subscriber = Operators.toCoreSubscriber(actual);
try {
if (publisher instanceof OptimizableOperator) {
OptimizableOperator operator = (OptimizableOperator) publisher;
//构建执行链
while (true) {
subscriber = operator.subscribeOrReturn(subscriber);
if (subscriber == null) {
// null means "I will subscribe myself", returning...
return;
}
OptimizableOperator newSource = operator.nextOptimizableSource();
if (newSource == null) {
publisher = operator.source();
break;
}
operator = newSource;
}
}
//发布者调用subscribe
publisher.subscribe(subscriber);
}
catch (Throwable e) {
Operators.reportThrowInSubscribe(subscriber, e);
return;
}
}
（5）publisher.subscribe(subscriber)
FluxRange.java
public void subscribe(CoreSubscriber<? super Integer> actual) {
long st = start;
long en = end;
if (st == en) {
Operators.complete(actual);
return;
} else
if (st + 1 == en) {
actual.onSubscribe(Operators.scalarSubscription(actual, (int)st));
return;
}
if (actual instanceof ConditionalSubscriber) {
actual.onSubscribe(new RangeSubscriptionConditional((ConditionalSubscriber<? super Integer>) actual, st, en));
return;
}
//调用订阅者的onSubscribe方法建立订阅关系
actual.onSubscribe(new RangeSubscription(actual, st, en));
}
（6）onSubscribe()
建立订阅关系
SkipSubscriber.java
public void onSubscribe(Subscription s) {
if (Operators.validate(this.s, s)) {
this.s = s;
long n = remaining;
actual.onSubscribe(this);
s.request(n);
}
}
LambdaSubscriber.java
@Override
public final void onSubscribe(Subscription s) {
if (Operators.validate(subscription, s)) {
this.subscription = s;
if (subscriptionConsumer != null) {
try {
subscriptionConsumer.accept(s);
}
catch (Throwable t) {
Exceptions.throwIfFatal(t);
s.cancel();
onError(t);
}
}
else {
//通过关系请求数据
s.request(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
}
}
（7）request()
SkipSubscriber.java
@Override
public void request(long n) {
s.request(n);
}
RangeSubscription.java
@Override
public void request(long n) {
if (Operators.validate(n)) {
if (Operators.addCap(REQUESTED, this, n) == 0) {
if (n == Long.MAX_VALUE) {
fastPath();
} else {
slowPath(n);
}
}
}
}
void fastPath() {
final long e = end;
final Subscriber<? super Integer> a = actual;
for (long i = index; i != e; i++) {
if (cancelled) {
return;
}
//调用 onNext 发布数据
a.onNext((int) i);
}
if (cancelled) {
return;
}
a.onComplete();
}
（8）onNext()
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
//需要跳过的数量
long r = remaining;
if (r == 0L) {
//需要跳过的元素为0了，则往下一个订阅者传递数据
actual.onNext(t);
}
else {
//跳过元素时执行回调
Operators.onDiscard(t, ctx);
//跳过元素减1
remaining = r - 1;
}
}
二、skipTime
跳过一段时间内发布的元素
1、示例
从无限流中获取元素，跳过前 1s 内发布的元素
@Test
public void skipTime() {
Flux.fromStream(Stream.iterate(0, a -> a + 1))
.skip(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
.subscribe(v -> {
System.out.println(v);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
结果：
2、原理
（1） Flux.fromStream(Stream.iterate(0, a -> a + 1))
public static <T> Flux<T> fromStream(Stream<? extends T> s) {
Objects.requireNonNull(s, "Stream s must be provided");
//创建 FluxStream
return onAssembly(new FluxStream<>(() -> s));
}
（2）.skip(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
public final Flux<T> skip(Duration timespan) {
return skip(timespan, Schedulers.parallel());
}
public final Flux<T> skip(Duration timespan, Scheduler timer) {
if(!timespan.isZero()) {
//创建 delay、skipUntilOther
return skipUntilOther(Mono.delay(timespan, timer));
}
else{
return this;
}
}
（3）Mono.delay
public static Mono<Long> delay(Duration duration, Scheduler timer) {
//创建 MonoDelay
return onAssembly(new MonoDelay(duration.toNanos(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS, timer));
}
（4）skipUntilOther()
public final Flux<T> skipUntilOther(Publisher<?> other) {
//创建 FluxSkipUntilOther
return onAssembly(new FluxSkipUntilOther<>(this, other));
}
（5）subscribe()
跟上面例子一样，最终会进入到 Flux 的 subscribe() 建立发布订阅执行链
public final void subscribe(Subscriber<? super T> actual) {
CorePublisher publisher = Operators.onLastAssembly(this);
CoreSubscriber subscriber = Operators.toCoreSubscriber(actual);
try {
if (publisher instanceof OptimizableOperator) {
OptimizableOperator operator = (OptimizableOperator) publisher;
while (true) {
subscriber = operator.subscribeOrReturn(subscriber);
if (subscriber == null) {
// null means "I will subscribe myself", returning...
return;
}
OptimizableOperator newSource = operator.nextOptimizableSource();
if (newSource == null) {
publisher = operator.source();
break;
}
operator = newSource;
}
}
publisher.subscribe(subscriber);
}
catch (Throwable e) {
Operators.reportThrowInSubscribe(subscriber, e);
return;
}
}
（6）FluxSkipUntilOther
下面看一下 FluxSkipUntilOther 的 subscribeOrReturn() 方法
@Override
public CoreSubscriber<? super T> subscribeOrReturn(CoreSubscriber<? super T> actual) {
//创建 SkipUntilMainSubscriber
SkipUntilMainSubscriber<T> mainSubscriber = new SkipUntilMainSubscriber<>(actual);
//创建 SkipUntilOtherSubscriber
SkipUntilOtherSubscriber<U> otherSubscriber = new SkipUntilOtherSubscriber<>(mainSubscriber);
//这里的other是刚才创建的 MonoDelay
other.subscribe(otherSubscriber);
return mainSubscriber;
}
在构建外层发布订阅执行链时，在构建过程中进入 FluxSkipUntilOther 的 subscribeOrReturn() 方法，在这里又构建了 skip() 后续的发布订阅执行链，这里是MonoDelay 的执行链，首先会被执行 ，下面分析 MonoDelay 的执行链
（7）MonoDelay.subscribe()
@Override
public void subscribe(CoreSubscriber<? super Long> actual) {
boolean failOnBackpressure = actual.currentContext().getOrDefault(CONTEXT_OPT_OUT_NOBACKPRESSURE, false) == Boolean.TRUE;
//创建 MonoDelayRunnable
MonoDelayRunnable r = new MonoDelayRunnable(actual, failOnBackpressure);
//执行skip() 后续的发布订阅
actual.onSubscribe(r);
try {
//延时调度执行 MonoDelayRunnable
r.setCancel(timedScheduler.schedule(r, delay, unit));
}
catch (RejectedExecutionException ree) {
if(!MonoDelayRunnable.wasCancelled(r.state)) {
actual.onError(Operators.onRejectedExecution(ree, r, null, null,
actual.currentContext()));
}
}
}
（8）MonoDelayRunnable
@Override
public void run() {
int previousState = markDelayDone(this);
//检验中台
if (wasCancelled(previousState) || wasDelayDone(previousState)) {
return;
}
//请求数据的状态
if (wasRequested(previousState)) {
//传播延时
propagateDelay();
}
else if (failOnBackpressure) {
actual.onError(Exceptions.failWithOverflow("Could not emit value due to lack of requests"));
}
}
（9）propagateDelay()
private void propagateDelay() {
//校验状态
int previousState = markPropagated(this);
if (wasCancelled(previousState)) {
return;
}
try {
//打开传递数据的开关
actual.onNext(0L);
actual.onComplete();
}
catch (Throwable t){
actual.onError(Operators.onOperatorError(t, actual.currentContext()));
}
}
@Override
public void onNext(U t) {
if (main.gate) {
return;
}
SkipUntilMainSubscriber<?> m = main;
m.other.cancel();
//将 gate 设置为 true，即将请求数据的闸门打开
m.gate = true;
m.other = Operators.cancelledSubscription();
}
然后接着执行外层的发布订阅执行链，详细过程就省略了，下面看一下 SkipUntilMainSubscriber
（10）SkipUntilMainSubscriber
在元素传递的过程中，会进入到 SkipUntilMainSubscriber 中的 onNext() 方法
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
//如果阀门打开了，则将元素传递给下一个订阅者
if (gate) {
actual.onNext(t);
}
else {
//阀门没有打开
//丢弃元素回调
Operators.onDiscard(t, ctx);
//请求下一个元素
main.request(1);
}
}
三、skipLast
跳过发布的后N个元素
1、示例
创建0到4的序列，跳过后2个元素
@Test
public void skipLast() {
Flux.range(0, 5).skipLast(2).subscribe(System.out::println);
}
2、原理
具体的逻辑处理是在 FluxSkipLast 中
（1）subscribeOrReturn()
创建了 SkipLastSubscriber
@Override
public CoreSubscriber<? super T> subscribeOrReturn(CoreSubscriber<? super T> actual) {
return new SkipLastSubscriber<>(actual, n);
}
（2）SkipLastSubscriber
按照示例，当第三个元素到达onNext() 方法时，会处理第一个元素；
最终最后两个元素不会被处理
@Override
public void onNext(T t) {
//判断队列的数量跟跳过数量是否相等
if (size() == n) {
//相等了，则从队列中取出第一个元素，传递给下一个订阅者
actual.onNext(pollFirst());
}
//不相等时，将元素添加到队列中
offerLast(t);
}
四、skipUntil
跳过直到条件成立
1、示例
@Test
public void skipUntil() {
Flux.range(0, 5).skipUntil(i -> i > 2).subscribe(System.out::println);
}
2、原理
（1）FluxSkipUntil
创建了 SkipUntilSubscriber
@Override
public CoreSubscriber<? super T> subscribeOrReturn(CoreSubscriber<? super T> actual) {
return new SkipUntilSubscriber<>(actual, predicate);
}
（2）SkipUntilSubscriber
@Override
public boolean tryOnNext(T t) {
//出现异常或已经完成状态，丢弃元素
if (done) {
Operators.onNextDropped(t, ctx);
return true;
}
//跳过元素完成了，将元素传递给订阅者
if (doneSkipping) {
actual.onNext(t);
return true;
}
boolean b;
//校验跳过元素条件
try {
b = predicate.test(t);
}
catch (Throwable e) {
onError(Operators.onOperatorError(s, e, t, ctx));
return true;
}
if (b) {
//条件成立，将 doneSkipping 设置为true
doneSkipping = true;
//消费元素
actual.onNext(t);
return true;
}
//条件不成立，丢弃元素
Operators.onDiscard(t, ctx);
return false;
}
五、skipUntilOther
跳过直到另一发布者执行完毕
如下示例，这里的执行流程跟上面的 skipTime 是一样的，原理就是 other 执行完毕后会打开阀门，此时发布者发布的元素才会传递给订阅者
@Test
public void skipUntilOther() {
Flux.fromStream(Stream.iterate(0, a -> a + 1))
.skipUntilOther(Mono.delay(Duration.ofSeconds(1), Schedulers.parallel()))
.subscribe(v -> {
System.out.println(v);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
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