C++实现堆栈

栈（stack）又名堆栈，它是一种运算受限的线性表。其限制是仅允许在表的一端进行插入和删除运算。经分析，C++实现堆栈，程序应实现入栈、出栈、判断栈的状态（主要是判断栈是否为空，是否为满）、获取栈顶元素、求栈的长度、清空栈中元素、输出栈中元素、销毁栈这八大功能。于是，写了一个利用数组实现这些功能的简单的程序。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
const int maxsize=5;
class Stack
{
	public:
		Stack()   //构造函数，定义一个空栈
		{
			a=new int[maxsize];
			top=0;
		}
		~Stack(){}  //析构函数
		void Push(int e);   //入栈
		void Pop();    //出栈
		void GetTop();   //读栈顶元素
		int StackSize();   //求栈长
		void ClearStack(Stack s);   //清空栈
		bool IsEmpty();   //判断栈是否为空
		bool IsFull();   //判断栈是否为满
		bool Destroy();   //销毁栈
		void Print();   //输出栈中元素
	private:
		int *a;
		int top;
};
void Stack::Push(int e)
{
	if(!IsFull())
	{
		a[top++]=e;
	}
	else
        cout<<"栈已满，"<<e<<"未入栈!"<<endl;
}
void Stack::Pop()
{
	if(!IsEmpty())
	{
		top--;
	}
	else
        cout<<"栈为空!"<<endl;
}
void Stack::GetTop()
{
	cout<<"栈顶元素为："<<a[top-1]<<endl;
}
int Stack::StackSize()
{
	return top;
}
void Stack::ClearStack(Stack s)
{
	while(top!=0)
	{
        s.Pop();
        top--;
	}
}
bool Stack::IsEmpty()
{
	if(top==0)
        return true;
	else
        return false;
}
bool Stack::IsFull()
{
	if(top>=maxsize)
        return true;
	else 
        return false;
}
bool Stack::Destroy()
{
	delete this;
	return true;
}
void Stack::Print()
{
	if(!IsEmpty())
	{
        int i=top-1;
        cout<<"栈内元素为：";
        while(i>=0)
        {
            cout<<a[i]<<"  ";
            i--;
        }
        cout<<endl;
	}
	else
        cout<<"栈为空!"<<endl;
}
void function(Stack S)
{
	int n,e,i,j,k=1;
	while(k){
        cout<<"Please choose one function\n1:入栈\n2:求栈长\n3:读栈顶元素\n4:出栈\n5:判空\n6:判满\n7:输出栈\n8:将栈清空\n9:销毁栈\n10:退出"<<endl;
        cin>>i;
        switch(i)
			{
                case 1:
					j=0;
                    cout<<"Please input the number of elements less than "<<maxsize<<":"<<endl;
                    cin>>n;
                    if(n>maxsize)
                    {
                        cout<<"error，please input again:"<<endl;
                        cin>>n;
                    }
                    while(j<n)
                    {
                        cout<<"Please input new element:"<<endl;
                        cin>>e;
                        S.Push(e);
                        j++;
                    }
                    break;
                case 2:
                    cout<<"栈的长度为："<<S.StackSize()<<endl;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    S.GetTop();
                    break;
                case 4:
                    S.Pop();
                    cout<<"已出栈!"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 5:
                    if(S.IsEmpty())
                        cout<<"该栈为空!"<<endl;
                    else
                        cout<<"该栈不空!"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 6:
                    if(S.IsFull())
                        cout<<"该栈已满!"<<endl;
                    else
                        cout<<"该栈未满!"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 7:     
                    S.Print();
                    break;
                case 8:
                    S.ClearStack(S);
                    cout<<"已清空!"<<endl;
                    break;
                case 9:
                    cout<<"栈已销毁!"<<endl;
                case 10:
                    k=0;
                    break;
            }
   }
}
int main()
{
	Stack St;
	function(St);
	return 0;
}