Python matplotlib 报错：RuntimeError: In set_size: Could not set the fontsize：弄清 figsize 和 dpi 的含义

问题

保存图片时报错：RuntimeError: In set_size: Could not set the fontsize

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/robin/MLcode/Pycharm_Project/tensorflow/2021/0823_face_recognition_environment/0827_img_quality_analysis_v4.py", line 1556, in <module>
    image_cluster_analysis()
  File "/Users/robin/MLcode/Pycharm_Project/tensorflow/2021/0823_face_recognition_environment/0827_img_quality_analysis_v4.py", line 1549, in image_cluster_analysis
    image_showing(img_compressed)
  File "/Users/robin/MLcode/Pycharm_Project/tensorflow/2021/0823_face_recognition_environment/0827_img_quality_analysis_v4.py", line 1408, in image_showing
    plt.savefig(img_name)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 722, in savefig
    res = fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 2180, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(fname, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 2082, in print_figure
    **kwargs)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 579, in print_jpg
    buf, size = self.print_to_buffer()
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 535, in print_to_buffer
    FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1709, in draw
    renderer, self, artists, self.suppressComposite)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/image.py", line 135, in _draw_list_compositing_images
    a.draw(renderer)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 2607, in draw
    self._update_title_position(renderer)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 2556, in _update_title_position
    if title.get_window_extent(renderer).ymin < top:
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 210, in get_text_width_height_descent
    font = self._get_agg_font(prop)
  File "/Users/robin/software/anaconda3/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py", line 250, in _get_agg_font
    font.set_size(size, self.dpi)
RuntimeError: In set_size: Could not set the fontsize

解决

问题来源是figure_size和 dpi 的设置：

下面两段代码是有区别的：

figure_size = (6.40, 4.80)
plt.figure(figsize=figure_size, dpi=100)

以及：

figure_size = (640, 480)
plt.figure(figsize=figure_size, dpi=1)

注：

• figsize：Width, height in inches，defualt:(6.4, 4.8)，即是以英寸表示的图片大小，matplotlib 中默认值是(6.4, 40.8)
• dpi：dots（or pixels）per inch，default: 100.0，即每英寸的像素数，默认是 100

虽说上面两种表示似乎是一样，但是使用 dpi=1的那种方式产生了报错。（暂不深究了）

参考:

matplotlib.pyplot.figure