c++ Primer Plus(习题8.1)
/*题意看了好久才明白意思,即不依赖形参n,来输出字符串*/
/*个人见解,无*/
#include<iostream>
const int TIMES = 10;
int count = 0; //用一个全局变量,记录函数调用次数
void show(const char *p, int n = 0);
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const char str[] = "Output count by call me";
show(str);
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++)
{
cout << "Call time " << i + 1 << endl;
show(str, i);
cout << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
void show(const char *p, int n) //默认变量只需在函数声明出指出
{
int calltimes; //题目要求调用次数为输出次数,应建立全局变量或者静态变量
if (n == 0) //说简单点就是不靠n值决定循环次数
calltimes = 1;
calltimes = ++count; //前置递增,记录调用次数
for (int i = 0; i < calltimes; i++)
std::cout<<p<< "\n";
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.2)
//结构的用法,再加上默认函数参数,还有引用结构
#include<iostream>
const int Len = 20;
struct CandyBar {
char name[Len];
double weight;
int cir;
};
void set(CandyBar &a, char *ptr = "Millennium Munch", double w = 2.85, int c = 350);
void show(const CandyBar &b);
int main()
{
using namespace std;
CandyBar bar;
CandyBar bar2;
char temp[Len];
double temw;
int temc;
cout << "Please enter candy bar name: ";
cin.getline(temp, Len);
cout << "And the weight: ";
cin >> temw;
cout << "Calorie: ";
cin >> temc;
set(bar,temp,temw,temc);
set(bar2);
show(bar);
cout << "using default value:\n"; //看看默认参数效果
show(bar2);
cout << "Bye!\n";
return 0;
}
void set(CandyBar &a, char *ptr, double w, int c)
{
std::strcpy(a.name, ptr);
a.weight = w;
a.cir = c;
}
void show(const CandyBar &b)
{
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
cout << "Candy Bar name: " << b.name << endl
<< "Weight: " << b.weight << endl
<< "Calorie: " << b.cir << endl;
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.3)
//使用string 接受字符,转换为大写
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
string top(const string &s);
int main()
{
string temp;
cout << "Enter some words(q to exit): ";
while (getline(cin,temp)&&temp!="q")
{
cout << top(temp)<<endl;
cout << "Next string (q to exit): ";
}
cout << "Bye!\n";
return 0;
}
string top(const string &s)
{
string tem=s; //string对象的赋值,不初始化无法操作
int a = s.size();
for (int i = 0; i < a; i++)
{
if (isalpha(s[i]))
tem[i] = toupper(s[i]);
else
tem[i] = s[i];
}
return tem;
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.4)
//填空题,完成别人的框架
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<cstring>
struct Stringy
{
char *str;
int ct; //用来保存字符的个数,不包括'\0'
};
void set(Stringy &s, const char a[]);
void show(const Stringy &s, int times = 1); //重载
void show(const char*a,int times=1); //函数重载
int main()
{
Stringy beany;
char testing[] = "Reality isn't what it used to be.";
set(beany, testing);
show(beany);
show(beany,2);
testing[0] = 'D';
testing[1] = 'u';
show(testing);
show(testing,3);
show("Done!");
delete []beany.str;
return 0;
}
void set(Stringy &s, const char a[])
{
int size = strlen(a);
s.str = new char[size+1];
strcpy(s.str, a);
s.ct = size; //这里不使用delete处理分配内存,因为还没利用完
}
void show(const Stringy &s, int times) //定义不用加默认参数了
{
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
cout << "String: " << s.str << endl
<< "Element count: " << s.ct << endl;
}
void show(const char*a, int times)
{
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
cout << a << endl;
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.5)
//函数模板的使用,提供泛型编程的方便
//编写模板找出5个元素中的最大值
//明显降低了难度
#include<iostream>
const int Size = 5;
template <typename T> //或者class T
T Max5(const T arry[]);
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
double b[5] = { 1.0,2.0,3.0,44.580,5.0 };
cout << "The int array max is : " << Max5(a) << endl;
cout << "The double array max is : " << Max5(b) << endl;
cout << "Bye!\n";
return 0;
}
template <typename T> //或者class T,不能少的东东
T Max5(const T arry[])
{
T max=arry[0];
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
if (arry[i] > max)
max = arry[i];
}
return max;
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.6)
//函数模板的使用,上一题的升级版
//返回最大值,接受字符指针,返回最大字符串的地址
//很明显,要提供模板的具体化
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
const int Size = 5;
template <typename T> //或者class T
T Max(T *arry,int n); //自作聪明在模板那里加了const导致出现很多错误
template <> char *Max(char *arry[], int n); //具体化很重要
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int a[6] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6};
double b[4] = {6.66,6.666,666.666,6666.666};
char *c[5] = { "I am","a","C++","Student","."};
cout << "The int array max is : " << Max(a,6) << endl;
cout << "The double array max is : " << Max(b,4) << endl;
cout << "The longest string is: " << Max(c,5) << endl;
cout << "Bye!\n";
return 0;
}
template <typename T> //或者class T,不能少的东东
T Max(T arry[],int n)
{
T max = arry[0];
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
{
if (arry[i] > max)
max = arry[i];
}
return max;
}
template <> char *Max(char *arry[], int n)
{
int len = 0;
char *p = nullptr;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (strlen(arry[i]) > len)
{
len = strlen(arry[i]);
p = arry[i]; //记下最长字符串的地址
}
}
return p;
}
c++ Primer Plus(习题8.7)
//改写书上程序清单8.14,返回总和了,不再显示数据
#include<iostream>
template<class T>
T SumArrnay(T arr[], int n );
template<typename T>
T SumArrnay(T *arr[], int n);
struct debts
{
char name[50];
double amount;
};
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int things[6] = { 13,31,103,301,310,130 };
debts mr_E[3]=
{
{"Ima Wolfe",2400.0},
{"Ura Foxe",1300.0},
{"Iby Stout",1800.0}
};
double *pd[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
pd[i] = &mr_E[i].amount;
cout << "Things total is: " << SumArrnay(things, 6) << endl;
cout << "Debts total is: " << SumArrnay(pd, 3)<<endl;
cout << "Bye!\n";
}
template<class T>
T SumArrnay(T arr[], int n)
{
T sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += arr[i];
return sum;
}
template<typename T>
T SumArrnay(T *arr[], int n)
{
T sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += *arr[i];
return sum;
}