c++ Primer Plus（第六版）第八章习题，写代码之路

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.1)

/*题意看了好久才明白意思，即不依赖形参n，来输出字符串*/
/*个人见解，无*/
#include<iostream>
const int TIMES = 10;
int count = 0;								//用一个全局变量，记录函数调用次数
void show(const char *p, int n = 0);
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	const char str[] = "Output count by call me";
	show(str);
	for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++)
	{
		cout << "Call time " << i + 1 << endl;
		show(str, i);
		cout << "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}
void show(const char *p, int n)           //默认变量只需在函数声明出指出
{
	int calltimes;              //题目要求调用次数为输出次数，应建立全局变量或者静态变量
	if (n == 0)                 //说简单点就是不靠n值决定循环次数
		calltimes = 1;
	calltimes = ++count;         //前置递增，记录调用次数
	for (int i = 0; i < calltimes; i++)
		std::cout<<p<< "\n";
	
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.2)

//结构的用法，再加上默认函数参数，还有引用结构
#include<iostream>
const int Len = 20;
struct CandyBar {
	char name[Len];
	double weight;
	int cir;
};
void set(CandyBar &a, char *ptr = "Millennium Munch", double w = 2.85, int c = 350);
void show(const CandyBar &b);
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	CandyBar bar;
	CandyBar bar2;
	char temp[Len];
	double temw;
	int temc;
	cout << "Please enter candy bar name: ";
	cin.getline(temp, Len);
	cout << "And the weight: ";
	cin >> temw;
	cout << "Calorie: ";
	cin >> temc;
	set(bar,temp,temw,temc);
	set(bar2);
	show(bar);
	cout << "using default value:\n";				//看看默认参数效果
	show(bar2);
	cout << "Bye!\n";
	return 0;
}

void set(CandyBar &a, char *ptr, double w, int c)
{
	std::strcpy(a.name, ptr);
	a.weight = w;
	a.cir = c;
}
void show(const CandyBar &b)
{
	using std::cout;
	using std::endl;
	cout << "Candy Bar name: " << b.name << endl
		<< "Weight: " << b.weight << endl
		<< "Calorie: " << b.cir << endl;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.3)

//使用string 接受字符，转换为大写
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
string top(const string &s);
int main()
{
	string temp;
	cout << "Enter some words(q to exit): ";
	while (getline(cin,temp)&&temp!="q")
	{
		cout << top(temp)<<endl;
		cout << "Next string (q to exit): ";
	}
	cout << "Bye!\n";
	return  0;
}

string top(const string &s)
{
	string tem=s;							//string对象的赋值，不初始化无法操作
	int a = s.size();
	for (int i = 0; i < a; i++)
	{
		if (isalpha(s[i]))
			tem[i] = toupper(s[i]);
		else
			tem[i] = s[i];
	}
	return tem;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.4)

//填空题，完成别人的框架
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<cstring>
struct Stringy
{
	char *str;
	int ct;					//用来保存字符的个数，不包括'\0'
};
void set(Stringy &s, const char a[]);
void show(const Stringy &s, int times = 1);			//重载
void show(const char*a,int times=1);				//函数重载
int main()
{
	Stringy beany;
	char testing[] = "Reality isn't what it used to be.";
	set(beany, testing);
	show(beany);
	show(beany,2);
	testing[0] = 'D';
	testing[1] = 'u';
	show(testing);
	show(testing,3);
	show("Done!");
	delete []beany.str;
	return 0;
}
void set(Stringy &s, const char a[])
{
	int size = strlen(a);
	s.str = new char[size+1];
	strcpy(s.str, a);
	s.ct = size;						//这里不使用delete处理分配内存，因为还没利用完
}
void show(const Stringy &s, int times)			//定义不用加默认参数了
{
	for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
		cout << "String: " << s.str << endl
		<< "Element count: " << s.ct << endl;
}
void show(const char*a, int times)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
		cout << a << endl;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.5)

//函数模板的使用，提供泛型编程的方便
//编写模板找出5个元素中的最大值
//明显降低了难度
#include<iostream>
const int Size = 5;
template <typename T>			//或者class T
T Max5(const T arry[]);
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
	double b[5] = { 1.0,2.0,3.0,44.580,5.0 };
	cout << "The int array max is : " << Max5(a) << endl;
	cout << "The double array max is : " << Max5(b) << endl;
	
	cout << "Bye!\n";
	return 0;
}
template <typename T>			//或者class T，不能少的东东
T Max5(const T arry[])
{
	T max=arry[0];
	for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
	{
		if (arry[i] > max)
			max = arry[i];
	}
	return max;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.6)

//函数模板的使用，上一题的升级版
//返回最大值，接受字符指针，返回最大字符串的地址
//很明显，要提供模板的具体化
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
const int Size = 5;
template <typename T>			//或者class T
T Max(T *arry,int n);				//自作聪明在模板那里加了const导致出现很多错误
template <> char *Max(char *arry[], int n);		//具体化很重要
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	int a[6] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6};
	double b[4] = {6.66,6.666,666.666,6666.666};
	char *c[5] = { "I am","a","C++","Student","."};
	cout << "The int array max is : " << Max(a,6) << endl;
	cout << "The double array max is : " << Max(b,4) << endl;
	cout << "The longest string is: " << Max(c,5) << endl;
	cout << "Bye!\n";
	return 0;
}
template <typename T>			//或者class T，不能少的东东
T Max(T arry[],int n)
{
	T max = arry[0];
	for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (arry[i] > max)
			max = arry[i];
	}
	return max;
}
template <> char *Max(char *arry[], int n)
{
	int len = 0;
	char *p = nullptr;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (strlen(arry[i]) > len)
		{
			len = strlen(arry[i]);
			p = arry[i];		//记下最长字符串的地址
		}
	}
	return p;
}

c++ Primer Plus（习题8.7)

//改写书上程序清单8.14，返回总和了，不再显示数据
#include<iostream>
template<class T>
T SumArrnay(T arr[], int n );
template<typename T>
T SumArrnay(T *arr[], int n);
struct debts
{
	char name[50];
	double amount;
};
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	int things[6] = { 13,31,103,301,310,130 };
	debts mr_E[3]=
	{
		{"Ima Wolfe",2400.0},
		{"Ura Foxe",1300.0},
		{"Iby Stout",1800.0}
	};
	double *pd[3];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
		pd[i] = &mr_E[i].amount;
	cout << "Things total is: " << SumArrnay(things, 6) << endl;
	cout << "Debts total is: " << SumArrnay(pd, 3)<<endl;
	cout << "Bye!\n";
}

template<class T>
T SumArrnay(T arr[], int n)
{
	T sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		sum += arr[i];
	return sum;
}
template<typename T>
T SumArrnay(T *arr[], int n)
{
	T sum = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
		sum += *arr[i];
	return sum;
}