我们把一个消息转发给多个消费者,这种模式称之为发布-订阅模式
1.交换器(Exchange)
RabbitMq消息模式的核心思想是:一个生产者并不会直接往一个队列中发送消息,事实上,生产者根本不知道它发送的消息将被转发到哪些队列。
实际上,生产者只能把消息发送给一个exchange,exchange只做一件简单的事情:一方面它们接收从生产者发送过来的消息,另一方面,它们把接收到的消息推送给队列
2. 临时队列
AnonymousQueue是非持久化、专有的、自动删除的、名字随机生成的队列
3. 绑定(Binding)
交换器与队列之间的关系称之为绑定关系
4. 完整代码
- 新建MqConfig.java已建立队列及其绑定
@Configuration
public class MqConfig {
@Bean
public FanoutExchange fanout() {
return new FanoutExchange("fanout");
}
private static class ConsumerConfig {
@Bean
public Queue autoDeleteQueue1() {
return new AnonymousQueue();
}
@Bean
public Queue autoDeleteQueue2() {
return new AnonymousQueue();
}
@Bean
public Binding binding1(FanoutExchange fanout, Queue autoDeleteQueue1) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(autoDeleteQueue1).to(fanout);
}
@Bean
public Binding binding2(FanoutExchange fanout, Queue autoDeleteQueue2) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(autoDeleteQueue2).to(fanout);
}
}
}
- 新建生产者
@Component
public class FanoutSender {
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
public FanoutSender(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate) {
this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
}
public void send() {
String msg = "Hello World!";
// fanout为交换器名称
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanout", "", msg);
}
}
- 新建消费者
@Component
public class FanoutReceiver {
// autoDeleteQueue1.name为匿名队列的名称
@RabbitListener(queues = "#{autoDeleteQueue1.name}")
public void receive1(String in) {
System.out.println("临时队列1接收到消息:" + in);
}
@RabbitListener(queues = "#{autoDeleteQueue2.name}")
public void receive2(String in) {
System.out.println("临时队列2接收到消息:" + in);
}
}
- 新建测试类
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitTest {
@Autowired
private FanoutSender fanoutSender;
@Test
public void testFanoutSender() {
fanoutSender.send();
}
}
- 运行测试类后匿名队列1与2接收到消息