Java发送邮件

1、简单介绍

本文主要是做一个笔记，记录一下我今天测试的java发送邮件。我用163邮箱发送邮件成功了，但是用QQ邮箱发送邮件报SSL的错误，并且我在云服务器上用postfix发送邮件也成功了。所以，本文主要记录用163邮箱和Centos7的postfix发送邮件。

2、163邮箱发送邮件

（说明：以下代码摘自网络后修改的，非本人原创）

（1）准备工作

打开163的POP/SMTP服务

（2）代码如下：

package com.sqb.mail;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

public class SendMail {
    private String username = null;
    private String password = null;
    private Authenticator auth = null;
    private MimeMessage mimeMessage =null;
    private Properties pros = null;
    private Multipart multipart = null;
    private BodyPart bodypart= null;
    /**
     * 初始化账号密码并验证
     * 创建MimeMessage对象
     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:1
     * @param username
     * @param password
     */
    public SendMail(String username,String password){
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    } 
    /**
     * 初始化MimeMessage对象
     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:3
     */
    public void initMessage(){
        this.auth = new Email_Autherticator();
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(pros,auth);
        session.setDebug(true); //设置获取 debug 信息
        mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
    }
    /**
     * 设置email系统参数
     * 接收一个map集合key为string类型，值为String
     * 发送邮件必须的步骤:2
     * @param map
     */
    public void setPros(Map<String,String> map){
        pros = new Properties();
        for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry:map.entrySet()){
            pros.setProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
    }
    /**
     * 验证账号密码
     * 发送邮件必须的步骤
     * @author Administrator
     *
     */
    public class Email_Autherticator extends Authenticator
    {
        public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
        {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 设置发送邮件的基本参数(去除繁琐的邮件设置)
     * @param sub 设置邮件主题
     * @param text 设置邮件文本内容
     * @param rec 设置邮件接收人
     * @throws MessagingException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    public void setDefaultMessagePros(String sub,String text,String rec) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException{
        mimeMessage.setSubject(sub);
        mimeMessage.setText(text);
        mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(rec));
        mimeMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
        mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username,username));
    }
    /**
     * 设置主题
     * @param subject
     * @throws MessagingException 
     */
    public void  setSubject(String subject) throws MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);
    }
    /**
     * 设置日期
     * @param date
     * @throws MessagingException 
     */
    public void  setDate(Date date) throws MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件文本内容
     * @param text
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public void setText(String text) throws MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setText(text);
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件头部
     * @param arg0
     * @param arg1
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public void setHeader(String arg0,String arg1) throws MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setHeader(arg0, arg1);
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件接收人地址 <单人发送>
     * @param recipient
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public void setRecipient(String recipient) throws MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipient));
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件接收人地址 <多人发送>
     * @param list
     * @throws MessagingException 
     * @throws AddressException 
     */
    public String setRecipients(List<String> recs) throws AddressException, MessagingException{
        if(recs.isEmpty()){
            return "接收人地址为空!";
        }
        //下面这3行是原作者的，不行，使得发送时报554错误
//        for(String str:recs){
//            mimeMessage.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(str));
//        }
        //以下5行是我写的
        int size = recs.size();
        Address[] addresses = new InternetAddress[size];
        for(int i=0; i<size; i++){
        	addresses[i] = new InternetAddress(recs.get(i));
        }
        //原作者用addRecipient报错，我改为setRecipients成功群发。
        mimeMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, addresses);
        return "加入接收人地址成功!";
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件接收人地址 <多人发送>
     * @param StringBuffer<parms,parms2,parms.....>
     * @throws MessagingException 
     * @throws AddressException 
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
    public String setRecipients(StringBuffer sb) throws AddressException, MessagingException{
        if(sb==null||"".equals(sb)){
            return "字符串数据为空!";
        }
        Address[] addresses = new InternetAddress().parse(sb.toString());
        mimeMessage.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, addresses);       
        return "收件人加入成功";
    }
    /**
     * 设置邮件发送人的名字
     * @param from
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public void setFrom(String from) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, MessagingException{
        mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(username,from));
    }
    /**
     * 发送邮件<单人发送>
     * return 是否发送成功
     * @throws MessagingException 
     */
    public String sendMessage() throws MessagingException{
        Transport.send(mimeMessage);
        return "success";
    }
    
    /**
     * 设置附件<单个附件>
     * @param file 发送文件的路径
     */
    public void setMultipart(String file) throws MessagingException, IOException{
        if(multipart==null){
            multipart = new MimeMultipart();
        }
        multipart.addBodyPart(writeFiles(file));
        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);
    }
    /**
     * 设置附件<添加多附件>
     * @param fileList<接收List集合>
     * @throws MessagingException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void setMultiparts(List<String> fileList) throws MessagingException, IOException{
        if(multipart==null){
            multipart = new MimeMultipart();
        }
        for(String s:fileList){
            multipart.addBodyPart(writeFiles(s));
        }
        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);
    }
    /**
     * 发送文本内容，设置编码方式
     * <方法与发送附件配套使用>
     * <发送普通的文本内容请使用setText()方法>
     * @param s
     * @param type
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public void setContent(String s,String type) throws MessagingException{
        if(multipart==null){
            multipart = new MimeMultipart();
        }
        bodypart = new MimeBodyPart();
        bodypart.setContent(s, type);
        multipart.addBodyPart(bodypart);
        mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);
        mimeMessage.saveChanges();
    }
    /**
     * 读取附件
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws MessagingException
     */
    public BodyPart writeFiles(String filePath)throws IOException, MessagingException{
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if(!file.exists()){
            throw new IOException("文件不存在!请确定文件路径是否正确");
        }
        bodypart = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataSource dataSource = new FileDataSource(file);
        bodypart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(dataSource));
        //文件名要加入编码，不然出现乱码
        bodypart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(file.getName()));
        return bodypart;
    }

}

package com.sqb.mail;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;

public class TestSend
{

    public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException, IOException
    {
    	myTestSendBy163();
    	//myTestSendByQQ(); //用QQ邮箱发会报错javax.net.ssl.SSLException
        
    }
    public static void myTestSendBy163() throws MessagingException, IOException{
    	Map<String,String> map= new HashMap<String,String>();
        SendMail mail = new SendMail("sqb@163.com","cghx授权码");163邮箱和授权码
        map.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com");
        map.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
        map.put("mail.smtp.port", "994");
        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "994");
        mail.setPros(map);
        mail.initMessage();
        /*
         * 添加收件人有三种方法：
         * 1,单人添加(单人发送)调用setRecipient(str);发送String类型
         * 2,多人添加(群发)调用setRecipients(list);发送list集合类型
         * 3,多人添加(群发)调用setRecipients(sb);发送StringBuffer类型
         */
        
        /*
         * 测试单人收件-成功测试发送于2016-12-29
         */
        String defaultStr = "11@qq.com";//可能要在垃圾箱里面查看邮件
        mail.setRecipient(defaultStr);
        mail.setSubject("测试邮箱");
        mail.setText("我是学生，这是邮件内容");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");
        
        /*
         * 测试多人收件-list-成功测试发送于2016-12-29，但是发第2次时就报554，可能是被163认为在群发垃圾邮件而拦截了，也可能是群发次数限制，邮件发送数限制等等。
         */
        /*List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        list.add("11030@qq.com");
        list.add("2974@qq.com");
        list.add("hdx@163.com");
        mail.setRecipients(list);
        
        mail.setSubject("测试邮箱1223");
        mail.setText("我是学生，这是邮件内容1213");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");     
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");*/
        
        /*
         * 测试多人收件-sb，失败，可能已经群发过了，被163拦截了群发
         */
        /*String defaultStr = "11030@qq.com,297@qq.com";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        sb.append(defaultStr);
        mail.setRecipients(sb);
        mail.setSubject("测试邮箱StringBuffer群发");
        mail.setText("我是学生，这是邮件内容");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");   
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");*/
        
        /*
         * 测试单人接收邮件-测试成功与2016-12-29
         */
        /*String defaultStr = "1103@qq.com";//可能要在垃圾箱里面查看邮件
        mail.setRecipient(defaultStr);
        mail.setSubject("测试邮箱");
        mail.setContent("测试发送附件", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");
        mail.setMultipart("D:1.jpg"); //文件在D盘下，注意":"后面没有\\的，如果放到某个目录下我知道怎么写路径
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");*/
        
        /*
         * 测试单人接收多个附件-测试失败，报错554
         */
        /*String defaultStr = "11030@qq.com";//可能要在垃圾箱里面查看邮件
        mail.setRecipient(defaultStr);
        mail.setSubject("测试发送附件");
        mail.setContent("测试发送附件", "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");
        List<String> fileList = new ArrayList<String>();
        fileList.add("D:1.jpg");
        fileList.add("D:2.zip");
        mail.setMultiparts(fileList);
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");*/
    }
    
    
    public static void myTestSendByQQ() throws MessagingException, IOException{
    	Map<String,String> map= new HashMap<String,String>();
        SendMail mail = new SendMail("11030@qq.com","cghxg");邮箱和授权码
        map.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");
        map.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
        map.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
        map.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "587");
        mail.setPros(map);
        mail.initMessage();
        
        /*
         * 测试单人收件-失败，QQ邮箱报错Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Unrecognized SSL message, plaintext connection?
         */
        String defaultStr = "sqb@163.com";//可能要在垃圾箱里面查看邮件
        mail.setRecipient(defaultStr);
        mail.setSubject("测试邮箱");
        mail.setText("我是学生，这是邮件内容");
        mail.setDate(new Date());
        mail.setFrom("MY");
        System.out.println(mail.sendMessage());
        System.out.println("发送完成");
    }

}

3、云服务器Centos7的postfix发送邮件

（1）搭建postfix，请参考http://www.cnblogs.com/dudu/archive/2012/12/12/linux-postfix-mailserver.html

（2）请在上一步完成之后再往下操作，代码如下：

	public static void sendMail(String address, String from, String subject, String content) throws MessagingException {
		Properties prop = new Properties();
		prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
		prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "localhost");
		prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
		prop.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");
		Session session = Session.getInstance(prop);
		Message msg = new MimeMessage(session);
		msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
		msg.setRecipients(RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress[]{new InternetAddress(address)});
		msg.setSubject(subject);
		msg.setText(content);
		Transport trans;
		trans = session.getTransport();
		trans.connect("aa", "123");//这里可以随便填，因为端口25不用验证，但是connect函数还是得有，否则编译不通过。
		trans.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
		System.out.println("complete");
	}

4、简单总结

QQ邮箱没有测试成功发邮件，如果你的jdk是1.5或1.5以下，需要在百度搜 Java mail去官网下载javamail的jar包。