micro2440利用LEDS与BUTTONS驱动实现按键控制led灯【开发总结】

最近玩友善之臂的micro2440，实现了按键控制led灯亮灭的功能。在这里总结一下，有什么错误希望高手们能指点一下，同时也希望能够帮到刚学驱动的新手。

首先贴出leds驱动程序：

#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>
#include <mach/hardware.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/atomic.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>


#define DEVICE_NAME "leds"

static unsigned long led_table [] = {
	S3C2410_GPB5,
	S3C2410_GPB6,
	S3C2410_GPB7,
	S3C2410_GPB8,
};

static unsigned int led_cfg_table [] = {
	S3C2410_GPB5_OUTP,
	S3C2410_GPB6_OUTP,
	S3C2410_GPB7_OUTP,
	S3C2410_GPB8_OUTP,
};

static int sbc2440_leds_ioctl(
	struct inode *inode, 
	struct file *file, 
	unsigned int cmd, 
	unsigned long arg)
{
	switch(cmd) {
	case 0:
	case 1:
		if (arg > 4) {
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		s3c2410_gpio_setpin(led_table[arg], !cmd);
		return 0;
	default:
		return -EINVAL;
	}
}

static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
	.owner	=	THIS_MODULE,
	.ioctl	=	sbc2440_leds_ioctl,
};

static struct miscdevice misc = {
	.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
	.name = DEVICE_NAME,
	.fops = &dev_fops,
};

static int __init dev_init(void)
{
	int ret;

	int i;
	
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(led_table[i], led_cfg_table[i]);
		s3c2410_gpio_setpin(led_table[i], 0);
	}

	ret = misc_register(&misc);

	printk (DEVICE_NAME"\tinitialized\n");

	return ret;
}

static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
	misc_deregister(&misc);
}

module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("FriendlyARM Inc.");

此驱动关键的地方是给出了一个ioctl的设备方法，在应用程序中使用ioctl（leds的fd，cmd，arg）系统调用时，系统会进入内核态并调用sbc2440_leds_ioctl(),以控制灯的亮灭。

下面贴出buttons的驱动程序：

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <mach/regs-gpio.h>
#include <mach/hardware.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>

#define DEVICE_NAME     "buttons"

struct button_irq_desc {
    int irq;
    int pin;
    int pin_setting;
    int number;
    char *name;	
};

#if !defined (CONFIG_QQ2440_BUTTONS)
static struct button_irq_desc button_irqs [] = {
    {IRQ_EINT8 , S3C2410_GPG0 ,  S3C2410_GPG0_EINT8  , 0, "KEY0"},
    {IRQ_EINT11, S3C2410_GPG3 ,  S3C2410_GPG3_EINT11 , 1, "KEY1"},
    {IRQ_EINT13, S3C2410_GPG5 ,  S3C2410_GPG5_EINT13 , 2, "KEY2"},
    {IRQ_EINT14, S3C2410_GPG6 ,  S3C2410_GPG6_EINT14 , 3, "KEY3"},
    {IRQ_EINT15, S3C2410_GPG7 ,  S3C2410_GPG7_EINT15 , 4, "KEY4"},
    {IRQ_EINT19, S3C2410_GPG11,  S3C2410_GPG11_EINT19, 5, "KEY5"},
};
#else /* means QQ */
static struct button_irq_desc button_irqs [] = {
    {IRQ_EINT19, S3C2410_GPG11, S3C2410_GPG11_EINT19, 0, "KEY0"},
    {IRQ_EINT11, S3C2410_GPG3,  S3C2410_GPG3_EINT11,  1, "KEY1"},
    {IRQ_EINT2,  S3C2410_GPF2,  S3C2410_GPF2_EINT2,   2, "KEY2"},
    {IRQ_EINT0,  S3C2410_GPF0,  S3C2410_GPF0_EINT0,   3, "KEY3"},
    {       -1,            -1,                 -1,    4, "KEY4"},
    {       -1,            -1,                 -1,    5, "KEY5"},
};
#endif
static volatile char key_values [] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

static volatile int ev_press = 0;


static irqreturn_t buttons_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
    struct button_irq_desc *button_irqs = (struct button_irq_desc *)dev_id;
    int down;

    // udelay(0);
    down = !s3c2410_gpio_getpin(button_irqs->pin);

    if (down != (key_values[button_irqs->number] & 1)) { // Changed

	key_values[button_irqs->number] = '0' + down;
	
        ev_press = 1;
        wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);
    }
    
    return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}


static int s3c24xx_buttons_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int i;
    int err = 0;
    
    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++) {
	if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
		continue;
	}
        err = request_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, buttons_interrupt, IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_BOTH, 
                          button_irqs[i].name, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
        if (err)
            break;
    }

    if (err) {
        i--;
        for (; i >= 0; i--) {
	    if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
		continue;
	    }
	    disable_irq(button_irqs[i].irq);
            free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
        }
        return -EBUSY;
    }

    ev_press = 1;
    
    return 0;
}


static int s3c24xx_buttons_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    int i;
    
    for (i = 0; i < sizeof(button_irqs)/sizeof(button_irqs[0]); i++) {
	if (button_irqs[i].irq < 0) {
	    continue;
	}
	free_irq(button_irqs[i].irq, (void *)&button_irqs[i]);
    }

    return 0;
}


static int s3c24xx_buttons_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp)
{
    unsigned long err;

    if (!ev_press) {
	if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
	    return -EAGAIN;
	else
	    wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
    }
    
    ev_press = 0;

    err = copy_to_user(buff, (const void *)key_values, min(sizeof(key_values), count));

    return err ? -EFAULT : min(sizeof(key_values), count);
}

static unsigned int s3c24xx_buttons_poll( struct file *file, struct poll_table_struct *wait)
{
    unsigned int mask = 0;
    poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait);
    if (ev_press)
        mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
    return mask;
}


static struct file_operations dev_fops = {
    .owner   =   THIS_MODULE,
    .open    =   s3c24xx_buttons_open,
    .release =   s3c24xx_buttons_close, 
    .read    =   s3c24xx_buttons_read,
    .poll    =   s3c24xx_buttons_poll,
};

static struct miscdevice misc = {
	.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
	.name = DEVICE_NAME,
	.fops = &dev_fops,
};

static int __init dev_init(void)
{
	int ret;

	ret = misc_register(&misc);

	printk (DEVICE_NAME"\tinitialized\n");

	return ret;
}

static void __exit dev_exit(void)
{
	misc_deregister(&misc);
}

module_init(dev_init);
module_exit(dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("FriendlyARM Inc.");

该驱动的关键(按键驱动的具体分析请看我的另一篇博客 mini2440_buttons.c驱动程序解读)

1.是s3c24xx_buttons_read的设备方法，在应用程序中使用read（buttons的fs，按键状态数组，读多少位）系统调用时，会进入内核态调用该s3c24xx_buttons_read函数,改函数通过wait _event_interruptible()进入可中断的休眠状态，等待中断的到来。

2.是定义了buttons_interrupt中断服务函数，该函数对相应的键值进行处理，并唤醒休眠。

应用程序如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include<string.h>
int main(void)
{
      int buttons_fd;
      char buttons[6] = {'0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0'};
	int leds_fd;
	int save=0;
	int j = 0;
	unsigned char s=0;
      buttons_fd = open("/dev/buttons", 0);
      if (buttons_fd < 0) {
             perror("open device buttons");
             exit(1);
      }
	
	leds_fd = open("/dev/leds",0);
	if(leds_fd < 0)
	{
		perror("open device leds");
		exit(1);
	}
	ioctl(leds_fd,0,0);
	ioctl(leds_fd,0,1);
	ioctl(leds_fd,0,2);
	ioctl(leds_fd,0,3);

      while (1) 
	{
            // char current_buttons[6]={'0','0','0','0','0','0'};
	     char save[6]={'0','0','0','0','0','0'};
             int i;

	//while((strncmp(save,current_buttons,6))==0)
	//{
             if (read(buttons_fd, current_buttons, sizeof current_buttons) != sizeof current_buttons) 
		{
                    perror("read buttons:");
                    exit(1);
		}		
	//}
	if((strncmp(save,current_buttons,6))==0)
		continue;
	for ( i = 0; i < sizeof (current_buttons) / sizeof (current_buttons[0]); i++) 
		{
                    if (save[i] != current_buttons[i]) 
			{
          //                 buttons[i] = current_buttons[i];
                        printf("The %d key is pressed!(s=%d)\n",i+1,s);
			ioctl(leds_fd,(~s)&1,i);
			}
		}//  end of for           
            s=~s;
      }//end of while(1)
      close(buttons_fd);
      close(leds_fd);
      return 0;
}

每当有按键按下时，current_buttons对应的键值会从0变成1，定位到这个1，并对相应的leds进行控制，通过s取反实现亮灭变化。