习题3-7 UVa1368 DNA Consensus String

要点：
1.比较简单的字符串问题，不解释了

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
    return(*(int*)b - *(int*)a);//快排从大到小输出
}

int main()
{
    int m, n,t; 
    char s[55][1005];
    char b[1005];
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while (t--)
    {
        int num = 0;
        memset(b, 0, sizeof(b));
        memset(s, 0, sizeof(s));
        scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            scanf("%s", s[i]);
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
            int a[4] = {0};
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            {
                if (s[i][j] == 'A')  a[3]++;
                if (s[i][j] == 'C')  a[2]++; 
                if (s[i][j] == 'G')  a[1]++; 
                if (s[i][j] == 'T')  a[0]++; 
            }
            for (int k = 0; k <4; k++)
                a[k] = 1000 * a[k] + k;//使值大小排序原本的数组顺序也可保留
            qsort(a, 4, sizeof(a[0]), cmp);
            int k = a[0] % 1000;
            if (k == 3)  b[j] = 'A';
            if (k == 2)  b[j] = 'C';
            if (k == 1)  b[j] = 'G';
            if (k == 0)  b[j] = 'T';
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
            {
                if (s[i][j] != b[j])
                    num++;
            }
        }   
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
            printf("%c", b[j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("%d\n", num);
    }
    return 0;
}

学习心得：
1.a[4]={0}说明都赋值为0，但a[4]={1}不可行，必须a[4]={1,1,1,1}