Java~设计模式之工厂模式与抽象工厂模式

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-29 15:34:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-09-29 15:34:15 发布

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分类专栏： Java Java设计模式文章标签：设计模式

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Shangxingya/article/details/108279699

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文章目录

工厂模式

工厂模式顾名思义就好比一个大的工厂里面有很多部门, 你只需要把你想要的东西交给这个工厂, 其他不用你管, 这个工厂就会给你生成出来你想要的东西, 就好比我下面代码的例子, 你说你想要手机, 你把配置给工厂说, 工厂就会判断这个HUAWEI手机还是苹果手机最后创建手机返回给你
工厂模式一种创建对象的模式，它被广泛应用在jdk中以及Spring和Struts框架中；
工厂模式基于"输入"，应用在超类和多个子类之间的情况，这种模式将创建对象的责任转移到工厂类；

接口

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:16
 */
public interface Phone {

    String showCPU();
    String showRAM();
    String showSystem();
    String showBattery();

}

实例1

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:19
 */
public class IPhone implements Phone {

    private String cpu;
    private String ram;
    private String system;
    private int battery;

    public IPhone(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {
        this.cpu = cpu;
        this.ram = ram;
        this.system = system;
        this.battery = battery;
    }

    @Override
    public String showCPU() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.cpu;
    }

    @Override
    public String showRAM() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String showSystem() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.system;
    }

    @Override
    public String showBattery() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.battery;
    }
}

实例二

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:27
 */
public class HuaWei implements Phone {

    private String cpu;
    private String ram;
    private String system;
    private int battery;

    public HuaWei(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {
        this.cpu = cpu;
        this.ram = ram;
        this.system = system;
        this.battery = battery;
    }

    @Override
    public String showCPU() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.cpu;
    }

    @Override
    public String showRAM() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String showSystem() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.system;
    }

    @Override
    public String showBattery() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.battery;
    }
}

工厂

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:30
 */
public class PhoneFactory {

    public static Phone makePhone(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {

        if (system != null && (system.contains("ios") || system.contains("IOS"))) {
            return new IPhone(cpu, ram, system, battery);
        } else if (system != null && (system.contains("Android") || system.contains("android"))) {
            return new HuaWei(cpu, ram, system, battery);
        }
        return null;

    }

}

演示

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:37
 */
public class TestPhoneFactory {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Phone phone = PhoneFactory.makePhone("A14", "4G", "ios14", 2500);
        Phone phone1 = PhoneFactory.makePhone("麒麟990", "8G", "Android7", 4500);

        if (phone != null) {
            System.out.println(phone.showCPU());
            System.out.println(phone.showRAM());
            System.out.println(phone.showSystem());
            System.out.println(phone.showBattery());
        }
        System.out.println("========================");
        if (phone1 != null) {
            System.out.println(phone1.showCPU());
            System.out.println(phone1.showRAM());
            System.out.println(phone1.showSystem());
            System.out.println(phone1.showBattery());
        }

    }

}

IPhone:A14
IPhone:4G
IPhone:ios14
IPhone:2500
========================
HuaWei:麒麟990
HuaWei:8G
HuaWei:Android7
HuaWei:4500

工厂设计模式的优点

面向接口编程，体现了面向对象的思想；
将创建对象的工作转移到了工厂类；

JDK 中的工厂设计模式实例

java.util.Calendar, ResourceBundle and NumberFormat getInstance() 使用了工厂方法模式；
valueOf() 在包装类中，如Boolean, Integer 也使用了工厂方法模式；

抽象工厂模式

上面说到的抽象模式只是针对一个产品如果我要针对多个产品比如现在要这个工厂还要生产computer, 这样的工厂就是抽象工厂
抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory Pattern）是围绕一个超级工厂创建其他工厂。该超级工厂又称为其他工厂的工厂。这种类型的设计模式属于创建型模式，它提供了一种创建对象的最佳方式。
在抽象工厂模式中，接口是负责创建一个相关对象的工厂，不需要显式指定它们的类。每个生成的工厂都能按照工厂模式提供对象。

Computer接口

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 15:19
 */
public interface Computer {

    String showComputer();

}

实例1

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:19
 */
public class IPhone implements Phone, Computer {

    private String cpu;
    private String ram;
    private String system;
    private int battery;

    public IPhone(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {
        this.cpu = cpu;
        this.ram = ram;
        this.system = system;
        this.battery = battery;
    }

    public IPhone(){};

    @Override
    public String showCPU() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.cpu;
    }

    @Override
    public String showRAM() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String showSystem() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.system;
    }

    @Override
    public String showBattery() {
        return "IPhone:" + this.battery;
    }

    @Override
    public String showComputer() {
        return "Apple: Computer";
    }
}

实例2

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:27
 */
public class HuaWei implements Phone, Computer {

    private String cpu;
    private String ram;
    private String system;
    private int battery;

    public HuaWei(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {
        this.cpu = cpu;
        this.ram = ram;
        this.system = system;
        this.battery = battery;
    }

    public HuaWei(){};

    @Override
    public String showCPU() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.cpu;
    }

    @Override
    public String showRAM() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.ram;
    }

    @Override
    public String showSystem() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.system;
    }

    @Override
    public String showBattery() {
        return "HuaWei:" + this.battery;
    }

    @Override
    public String showComputer() {
        return "HuaWei: Computer";
    }
}

抽象工厂

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 15:19
 */
public abstract class AbstractFactory {

    public abstract Phone makePhone(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery);
    public abstract Computer makeComputer(String type);
}

Computer工厂

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 15:24
 */
public class ComputerFactory extends AbstractFactory  {

    @Override
    public Phone makePhone(String cpu, String ram, String system, int battery) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Computer makeComputer(String type) {
         if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("apple")) {
             return new IPhone();
         } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("HuaWei")) {
             return new HuaWei();
         }
         return null;
    }
}

工厂生成器

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 15:39
 */
public class FactoryProducer {

    public static AbstractFactory getFactory(String type) {
        if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("computer")) {
            return new ComputerFactory();
        } else if (type.equalsIgnoreCase("phone")) {
            return new PhoneFactory();
        }
        return null;
    }

}

演示

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description: If you don't work hard, you will a loser.
 * User: Listen-Y.
 * Date: 2020-08-28
 * Time: 14:37
 */
public class TestPhoneFactory {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        AbstractFactory phoneFactory = FactoryProducer.getFactory("phone");

        assert phoneFactory != null;
        Phone phone = phoneFactory.makePhone("A14", "4G", "ios14", 2500);
        Phone phone1 = phoneFactory.makePhone("麒麟990", "8G", "Android7", 4500);
        if (phone != null) {
            System.out.println(phone.showCPU());
            System.out.println(phone.showRAM());
            System.out.println(phone.showSystem());
            System.out.println(phone.showBattery());
        }
        System.out.println("========================");
        if (phone1 != null) {
            System.out.println(phone1.showCPU());
            System.out.println(phone1.showRAM());
            System.out.println(phone1.showSystem());
            System.out.println(phone1.showBattery());
        }

        System.out.println("========================");
        AbstractFactory computerFactory = FactoryProducer.getFactory("computer");
        assert computerFactory != null;
        Computer computer = computerFactory.makeComputer("HuaWei");
        Computer computer1 = computerFactory.makeComputer("apple");
        System.out.println(computer.showComputer());
        System.out.println(computer1.showComputer());

    }

}