工程电磁场-恒定电流的电场和磁场
Current is a flux quantity and is defined as:
Current density, J, measured in A/m2 , yields current in Amps when it is integrated over a cross-sectional area. The assumption would be that the direction of J is normal to the surface, and so we would write:
In reality, the direction of current flow may not be normal to the surface in question, so we treat current density as a vector, and write the incremental flux through the small surface in the usual way:
Relation of Current to Charge Velocity
Equation of Continuity 连续性方程
Electron Flow in Conductors
where
μ
e
\mu_e
μe is the electron mobility漂移率
from which we identify the conductivity 电导率for the case of electron flow :