Mybatis框架入门总结

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-16 14:03:30 发布

Sharpen__

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-16 14:03:30 发布

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分类专栏： Java框架

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Mybatis:本身是apache的一个开源项目iBatis，2010年由Apache softwarefoundation迁移到Google code，并改名为Mybatis。是一个基于Java的持久层框架。

Hibernate、Mybatis都是ORM的一种实现框架，都是对JDBC的一种封装，只是Hibernate的框架写的不够灵活，很多东西写死了，不方便修改。
在这里插入图片描述
mybatis的开发jar包

log4j.jar
mybatis-3.4.1.jar
mysql-connector-java-5.1.6.jar

创建一张表

create table student{
	id int(10) primary key auto_increment,
	name varchar(10),
	age int(10),
	score int(15)
}

在这里插入图片描述
项目结构

创建实体

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private double score;
    public Student() {
    }
    //构造器尽量不要把id写进去
    public Student(String name, int age, double score) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.score = score;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public double getScore() {
        return score;
    }
    public void setScore(double score) {
        this.score = score;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", score=" + score + "]";
    }
}

创建mybatis配置文件mybatis-config.xml
配置数据库的信息，数据库我们可以配置为多个，因为数据库有mysql，oracle等，但是默认的只能用一个。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <typeAliases>
    <package name="com.b204.bean"/>
  </typeAliases>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
      <!--数据库mysql驱动-->
        <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <!--数据库密码-->
        <property name="password" value="xxx"/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
<!--这里映射的是mapper.xml文件，如果有多个mapper文件，记得修改此处-->
  <mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/b204/dao/mapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

工具类

通过Mybatis配置文件与数据库的信息，得到Connection对象。因为每次获取SqlConnection对象是非常消耗资源的，所以在这里使用优化后的方法获取。
package com.b204.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
  
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * @author xxp
 * @date 2020/10/10-14:34
 */
public class MyBatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    private static ThreadLocal<SqlSession> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<SqlSession>();

    private MyBatisUtils(){

    }

    static {
        try{
            InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");

            if (sqlSessionFactory==null) {
                sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
            }
        } catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        //从当前线程中获取SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get();
        //如果SqlSession对象为空
        if(sqlSession == null){
            //在SqlSessionFactory非空的情况下，获取SqlSession对象
            sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
            //将SqlSession对象与当前线程绑定在一起
            threadLocal.set(sqlSession);
        }
        //返回SqlSession对象
        return sqlSession;
    }

    public static void closeSqlSession(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get();
        if(sqlSession!=null){
            //关闭sqlSession对象
            sqlSession.close();
            //分开当前线程与SqlSession对象的关系，目的是让GC尽早回收
            threadLocal.remove();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        System.out.println(sqlSession!=null?"获取成功":"获取失败");
    }
}

有了Mybatis的配置文件和表与实体之间的映射文件了，因此我们需要将配置文件和映射文件关联起来。
在这里插入图片描述
mapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.b204.dao.IStudentDao">
    <insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="com.b204.bean.Student">
		insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
	</insert>

    <insert id="insertStudentCacheId" parameterType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
        -- 指定和insert语句执行的先后顺序、执行完insert语句之后生成的id再写入到student对象中的id
        <selectKey resultType="int" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER">
            select @@identity
        </selectKey>
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteStudent" parameterType="int">
		delete from student where id=#{id}
	</delete>

    <update id="updateStudent">
		update student set name=#{name},age=#{age},score=#{score} where id=#{id}
	</update>

    <select id="selectAllStudents" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
		select id,name,age,score from student
	</select>

    <select id="selectStudentById" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
		select id,name,age,score from student where id=#{id}
	</select>

    <select id="selectStudentsByName" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
		select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%' #{name} '%'
	</select>

    <select id="selectStudentByCondition" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        where 1=1
        <if test="name != null and name != ''">
			and name like '%' #{name} '%'
        </if>
        <if test="age>0">
			and age > #{age}
		</if>
    </select>

    <select id="selectStudentByWhere" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
    <where>
    <if test="name != null and name != ''">
        and name like '%' #{name} '%'
    </if>
    <if test="age>0">
        and age > #{age}
    </if>
    </where>
    </select>

    <select id="selectStudentsByChoose" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        <where>
            <choose>
                <when test="name != null and name != ''">
                    and name like '%' #{name} '%'
                </when>

                <when test="age > 0">
                    and age > #{age}
                </when>
                 <otherwise>
                    1 = 2
                 </otherwise>
            </choose>
        </where>
    </select>

    <select id="selectStudentsByForeach" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        <if test="array.length > 0">
            where id in
            <foreach collection="array" item="myid" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
                #{myid}
            </foreach>
        </if>
    </select>

    <select id="selectStudentsByListForeach" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        <if test="list.size > 0">
            where id in
            <foreach collection="list" item="myid" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
                #{myid}
            </foreach>
        </if>
    </select>

    <select id="selectStudentsByListForeach2" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        <if test="list.size > 0">
            where id in
            <foreach collection="list" item="stu" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
                #{stu.id}
            </foreach>
        </if>
    </select>

    <sql id="selectColumns">
        id,name,age,score
    </sql>

    <select id="selectStudentsByListFragment" resultType="com.b204.bean.Student">
        select <include refid="selectColumns"/> from student
        <if test="list.size > 0">
            where id in
            <foreach collection="list" item="stu" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
                #{stu.id}
            </foreach>
        </if>
    </select>

</mapper>

IStudentDao.java文件

public interface IStudentDao {
    void insertStu(Student student);
    void insertStudentCacheId(Student student);

    void deleteStu(int id);
    void updateStudent(Student student);

    List<Student> selectAllStudents();
    Map<String,Object> selectAllStudentsMap();

    Student selectStudentById(int id);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByName(String name);

    List<Student> selectStudentByCondition(Student student);

    List<Student> selectStudentsByIf(Student student);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByWhere(Student student);

    List<Student> selectStudentsByChoose(Student student);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByForeach(int[] ads);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByListForeach(List<Integer> ads);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByListForeach2(List<Student> stuList);
    List<Student> selectStudentsByListFragment(List<Student> stuList);
}

在StudentDaoImpl.java中提供了接口的实现，其实在mybatis标签中都已经实现了。

package com.b204.dao;

import com.b204.bean.Student;
import com.b204.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao {
    private SqlSession sqlSession;

    @Override
    public void insertStu(Student student) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.insert("insertStudent", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

   @Override
    public void deleteStu(String name) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.delete("deleteStudent",name);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if(sqlSession!=null){
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void insertStudentCacheId(Student student) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.insert("insertStudentCacheId", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteStu(int id) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.delete("deleteStudent", id);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void updateStudent(Student student) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.update("updateStudent", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectAllStudents() {
        List<Student> students = null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectAllStudents");

            sqlSession.commit();
            return students;
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> selectAllStudentsMap() {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            map = sqlSession.selectMap("selectAllStudents","name");
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return map;
    }

    @Override
    public Student selectStudentById(int id) {
        Student student=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            student = sqlSession.selectOne("selectStudentById", id);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return student;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByName(String name) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByName", name);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentByCondition(Student student) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentByCondition", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByIf(Student student) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentByIf", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByWhere(Student student) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentByWhere", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByChoose(Student student) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByChoose", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByForeach(int[] ids) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByForeach", ids);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByListForeach(List<Integer> ids) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByListForeach", ids);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByListForeach2(List<Student> stuList) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByListForeach2", stuList);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> selectStudentsByListFragment(List<Student> stuList) {
        List<Student> students=null;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByListFragment", stuList);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                //如果加sqlSession.close();那么就不需要再回滚,源码可证
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }
}

Mybatis实体与表的映射文件中提供了insert标签【SQL代码片段】供我们使用
下面举例说明：
接口：

public interface ICountryDao {
    Country selectCountryById(int cid);
}

public class MyTest2 {
    private ICountryDao dao;
    private SqlSession sqlSession;
    @Before
    public void before() {
        sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        dao = sqlSession.getMapper(ICountryDao.class);
    }
    @After
    public void after(){
        if(sqlSession!=null){
            sqlSession.close();
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void test01(){
        Country country = dao.selectCountryById(2);
        System.out.println(country);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.b204.dao.ICountryDao">
	<select id="selectMinisterByCountry" resultType="com.b204.bean.Minister">
        select mid,mname from minister where countryId=#{xxx}
    </select>

    <resultMap id="CountryMapper" type="com.b204.bean.Country">
    <id column="cid" property="cid"/>
    <result column="cname" property="cname"/>
    <collection property="ministers" ofType="com.b204.bean.Minister" select="selectMinisterByCountry" column="cid"/>
</resultMap>

    <select id="selectCountryById" resultMap="CountryMapper">
        select cid,cname
        from country
        where cid=#{xxx}
    </select>
</mapper>

Mybatis工作流程：

通过Reader对象读取Mybatis映射文件
通过SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象创建SqlSessionFactory对象
获取当前线程的SQLSession
事务默认开启
通过SQLSession读取映射文件中的操作编号，从而读取SQL语句
提交事务
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Mybatis框架入门总结

Mybatis:本身是apache的一个开源项目iBatis，2010年由Apache softwarefoundation迁移到Google code，并改名为Mybatis。是一个基于Java的持久层框架。Hibernate、Mybatis都是ORM的一种实现框架，都是对JDBC的一种封装，只是Hibernate的框架写的不够灵活，很多东西写死了，不方便修改。mybatis的开发jar包log4j.jarmybatis-3.4.1.jarmysql-connector-java-5.1.6.
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