SQL基础学习（二）- 通过命令行创建和设置一个MySQL用户

通过命令行创建和设置一个MySQL用户

Step1、以root身份登录到MySQL服务器中。

$mysql -u root -p           -u：选项 -p：设置密码 密码不出现

在mysql 5.5输入密码是****
Server version: 5.1.54-1ubuntu4 (Ubuntu) 版本号

Step2、创建一个MySQL用户

mysql> CREATE USER 'myuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';

Step3、运行上面命令后，验证帐号是否创建成功

mysql> SELECT host, user, password FROM mysql.user WHERE user='myuser';

一个新建的MySQL用户没有任何访问权限，这就意味着你不能在MySQL数据库中进行任何操作。你得赋予用户必要的权限。

Step4、赋予MySQL用户权限

命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' 

说明: privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(详细列表见该文最后面).如果要授予所的权限则使用ALL.;databasename - 数据库名,tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*. 

例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%'; 
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%'; 

注意:用以上命令授权的用户不能给其它用户授权,如果想让该用户可以授权,用以下命令: 

mysql> GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION; 

Step5、设置与更改用户密码 

命令:SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword');如果是当前登陆用户用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword"); 

例子: SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456"); 

Step6、撤销用户权限 

命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host'; 

说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分. 

例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%'; 

Step7、删除用户 

命令: DROP USER 'username'@'host'; 

附表:在MySQL中的操作权限 

ALTER	Allows use of ALTER TABLE.
ALTER ROUTINE	Alters or drops stored routines.
CREATE	Allows use of CREATE TABLE.
CREATE ROUTINE	Creates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE	Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
CREATE USER	Allows use of CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES.
CREATE VIEW	Allows use of CREATE VIEW.
DELETE	Allows use of DELETE.
DROP	Allows use of DROP TABLE.
EXECUTE	Allows the user to run stored routines.
FILE	Allows use of SELECT... INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE.
INDEX	Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX.
INSERT	Allows use of INSERT.
LOCK TABLES	Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESS	Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST.
RELOAD	Allows use of FLUSH.
REPLICATION	Allows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENT	servers are.
REPLICATION SLAVE	Needed for replication slaves.
SELECT	Allows use of SELECT.
SHOW DATABASES	Allows use of SHOW DATABASES.
SHOW VIEW	Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW.
SHUTDOWN	Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown.
SUPER	Allows use of CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATE	Allows use of UPDATE.
USAGE	Allows connection without any specific privileges.