【实战】JS实现随机验证码，快来试试吧

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已于 2023-07-03 14:35:20 修改

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分类专栏： JS 文章标签：前端 javascript

于 2022-08-04 16:46:51 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Shids_/article/details/126161653

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前言

随机验证码是现代网站中不可或缺的一部分，而带干扰线的验证码更是提高了验证码的安全性。今天我们来学习如何使用 JavaScript 实现一个带干扰线的随机验证码，让你的网站更加安全可靠。

实现效果

在这里插入图片描述

实现思路

首先我们需要创建一个图形验证码对象，接收options对象为参数；
获取到id初始化方法，通过拿到的id和参数生成验证码；
通过randomColor()方法随机颜色并且绘制干扰线，通过randomColor()方法随机颜色并且绘制干扰点；
验证验证码，通过split()方法生成字母的字符串数组，通过randomNum()随机数方法生成一个随机数，通过randomNum()随机数方法生成一个随机色。

完整代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>随机验证码（带干扰线）</title>
</head>
<style>
    .codeVesselBox {
        width: 120px;
        height: 30px;
        margin-bottom: 4px;
    }
</style>

<body>
    <div>
        <div class="codeVesselBox" id="vCodeImg"></div>
        <div class="iptBox">
            <input id="id" type="text">
            <button onclick="threeFn()">提交</button>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
<script>
    (function (window, document) {
        function GVerify(options) { //创建一个图形验证码对象，接收options对象为参数
            this.options = { //默认options参数值
                id: "", //容器Id
                canvasId: "verifyCanvas", //canvas的ID
                width: "100", //默认canvas宽度
                height: "30", //默认canvas高度
                type: "blend", //图形验证码默认类型blend:数字字母混合类型、number:纯数字、letter:纯字母
                code: ""
            }
            if (Object.prototype.toString.call(options) == "[object Object]") { //判断传入参数类型
                for (var i in options) { //根据传入的参数，修改默认参数值
                    this.options[i] = options[i];
                }
            } else {
                this.options.id = options;
            }
            this.options.numArr = "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9".split(",");
            this.options.letterArr = getAllLetter();
            this._init();
            this.refresh();
        }
        GVerify.prototype = {
            //版本号
            version: '1.0.0',
            //初始化方法
            _init: function () {
                var con = document.getElementById(this.options.id);
                var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
                this.options.width = con.offsetWidth > 0 ? con.offsetWidth : "100";
                this.options.height = con.offsetHeight > 0 ? con.offsetHeight : "30";
                canvas.id = this.options.canvasId;
                canvas.width = this.options.width;
                canvas.height = this.options.height;
                canvas.style.cursor = "pointer";
                canvas.innerHTML = "您的浏览器版本不支持canvas";
                con.appendChild(canvas);
                var parent = this;
                canvas.onclick = function () {
                    parent.refresh();
                }
            },
            //生成验证码
            refresh: function () {
                this.options.code = "";
                var canvas = document.getElementById(this.options.canvasId);
                if (canvas.getContext) {
                    var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
                } else {
                    return;
                }
                ctx.textBaseline = "middle";
                ctx.fillStyle = randomColor(100, 240);
                ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.options.width, this.options.height);
                if (this.options.type == "blend") { //判断验证码类型
                    var txtArr = this.options.numArr.concat(this.options.letterArr);
                } else if (this.options.type == "number") {
                    var txtArr = this.options.numArr;
                } else {
                    var txtArr = this.options.letterArr;
                }
                for (var i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
                    var txt = txtArr[randomNum(0, txtArr.length)];
                    this.options.code += txt;
                    ctx.font = randomNum(this.options.height / 1.2, this.options.height) + 'px SimHei'; //随机生成字体大小
                    ctx.fillStyle = randomColor(1, 160); //随机生成字体颜色
                    // ctx.shadowOffsetX = randomNum(-3, 3);
                    // ctx.shadowOffsetY = randomNum(-3, 3);
                    // ctx.shadowBlur = randomNum(-3, 3);
                    ctx.shadowColor = "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3)";
                    var x = this.options.width / 5 * i;
                    var y = this.options.height / 2;
                    var deg = randomNum(-30, 30);
                    //设置旋转角度和坐标原点
                    ctx.translate(x, y);
                    ctx.rotate(deg * Math.PI / 180);
                    ctx.fillText(txt, 0, 0);
                    //恢复旋转角度和坐标原点
                    ctx.rotate(-deg * Math.PI / 180);
                    ctx.translate(-x, -y);
                }
                //绘制干扰线
                for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                    ctx.strokeStyle = randomColor(40, 180);
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.moveTo(randomNum(0, this.options.width), randomNum(0, this.options.height));
                    ctx.lineTo(randomNum(0, this.options.width), randomNum(0, this.options.height));
                    ctx.stroke();
                }
                //绘制干扰点
                for (var i = 0; i < this.options.width / 6; i++) {//this.options.width / 6，除以的值越大，点越少
                    ctx.fillStyle = randomColor(0, 255);
                    ctx.beginPath();
                    ctx.arc(randomNum(0, this.options.width), randomNum(0, this.options.height), 1, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
                    ctx.fill();
                }
            },
            //验证验证码
            validate: function (code) {
                var code = code.toLowerCase();
                // toLowerCase() 方法用于把字符串转换为小写。
                var v_code = this.options.code.toLowerCase();
                console.log(code);
                if (code == v_code) {
                    return true;
                } else {
                    this.refresh();
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        //生成字母数组
        function getAllLetter() {
            var letterStr = "a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z,A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z";
            return letterStr.split(",");
        }
        //生成一个随机数
        function randomNum(min, max) {
            return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min) + min);
        }
        //生成一个随机色
        function randomColor(min, max) {
            var r = randomNum(min, max);
            var g = randomNum(min, max);
            var b = randomNum(min, max);
            return "rgb(" + r + "," + g + "," + b + ")";
        }
        window.GVerify = GVerify;
    })(window, document);

    // 调用GVerifty
    var verifyCode = new GVerify("vCodeImg");
    console.log(verifyCode.options.code);
    function threeFn() {
        var a = document.getElementById('id').value;
        if (a != verifyCode.options.code) {
            alert("验证码错误")
            console.log(a, "验证码的值...");
        } else {
            alert("验证码正确")
            console.log(a, "验证码的值...");
        }

    }
</script>

</html>