面试题：Java线程的生命周期

一、在Thread的源码中有写出线程的六种状态：

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1）NEW：新建状态

2）RUNNABLE：就绪状态

源码注释为：线程在JVM的状态为RUNNABLE就绪状态，但是需要等待操作系统资源。

解析：其实在操作系统内核创建线程的当前状态如果是Initialized，则调用sync -> wait()，如果线程状态被设置为RUNNABLE，则唤醒执行run()方法

3）BLOCKED：阻塞状态

在抢夺Synchronized锁失败之后会进入BLOCKED阻塞状态；

等待状态的线程在调用notify()和notifyAll()被唤醒的时候也会进入BLOCKED阻塞状态；

而在竞争中拿到monitor锁之后会进入RUNNABLE就绪状态。

4）WAITING：等待状态

在调用Object.wait()，Thread.join()，LockSupport.park()方法时，线程会进入WAITING等待状态。

5）TIMED_WAITING：计时等待状态

在调用Thread.sleep(time)，Object.wait(timeout)，Thread.join(timeout)，LockSupport.parkNanos(timeout)，LockSupport.parkUntil(timeout)方法，线程会进入TIMED_WAITING计时等待状态。

6）TERMINATED：终止状态

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二、Thread.java中源码的State枚举

public enum State {
    /**
    * Thread state for a thread which has not yet started.
    */
    NEW,

    /**
    * Thread state for a runnable thread.  A thread in the runnable
    * state is executing in the Java virtual machine but it may
    * be waiting for other resources from the operating system
    * such as processor.
    */
    RUNNABLE,

    /**
    * Thread state for a thread blocked waiting for a monitor lock.
    * A thread in the blocked state is waiting for a monitor lock
    * to enter a synchronized block/method or
    * reenter a synchronized block/method after calling
    * {@link Object#wait() Object.wait}.
    */
    BLOCKED,

    /**
    * Thread state for a waiting thread.
    * A thread is in the waiting state due to calling one of the
    * following methods:
    * <ul>
    *   <li>{@link Object#wait() Object.wait} with no timeout</li>
    *   <li>{@link #join() Thread.join} with no timeout</li>
    *   <li>{@link LockSupport#park() LockSupport.park}</li>
    * </ul>
    *
    * <p>A thread in the waiting state is waiting for another thread to
    * perform a particular action.
    *
    * For example, a thread that has called <tt>Object.wait()</tt>
    * on an object is waiting for another thread to call
    * <tt>Object.notify()</tt> or <tt>Object.notifyAll()</tt> on
    * that object. A thread that has called <tt>Thread.join()</tt>
    * is waiting for a specified thread to terminate.
    */
    WAITING,

    /**
    * Thread state for a waiting thread with a specified waiting time.
    * A thread is in the timed waiting state due to calling one of
    * the following methods with a specified positive waiting time:
    * <ul>
    *   <li>{@link #sleep Thread.sleep}</li>
    *   <li>{@link Object#wait(long) Object.wait} with timeout</li>
    *   <li>{@link #join(long) Thread.join} with timeout</li>
    *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkNanos LockSupport.parkNanos}</li>
    *   <li>{@link LockSupport#parkUntil LockSupport.parkUntil}</li>
    * </ul>
    */
    TIMED_WAITING,

    /**
    * Thread state for a terminated thread.
    * The thread has completed execution.
    */
    TERMINATED;
}