一、安装
- 新建虚拟机
- 选择系统文件
- 自定义硬件
- 开始安装
- 选择语言
- 选择磁盘
- 创建用户
完成后重启
二、设置
1、ip
- 输入ifconfig
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
-bash: ifconfig: command not found
ifconfig命令不可使用
- 输入ip addr
发现并没有ip地址
- 配置网卡信息
[root@localhost /]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ll
total 228
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 280 Jan 9 2019 ifcfg-ens33
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 254 Jan 2 2018 ifcfg-lo
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 Jan 9 2019 ifdown -> ../../../usr/sbin/ifdown
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 654 Jan 2 2018 ifdown-bnep
...
- 编辑ifcfg-ens33
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens33
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=4ab88041-d8cb-4e74-a000-c5adcddcc146
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=no
将ONBOOT=no的no改为yes,保存退出
- 重启网卡服务
[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ OK ]
- 查看ip
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:55:db brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.30.130/24 brd 192.168.30.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33
valid_lft 1759sec preferred_lft 1759sec
inet6 fe80::c085:2aa2:5b33:814d/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
发现ip已存在
- 安装ifconfig命令
[root@localhost ~]# yum install net-tools
一路y,完成
- 使用ifconfig查看ip
2、桥接
(1)虚拟机设置
- 虚拟机–>编辑–>虚拟网络编辑器,将VMnet1修改为桥接模式,确定。如下:
(2)centOS设置
- 选中指定CentOS,设置,将网络设置为刚才的桥接模式,如下:
(3)接下来配置固定IP
- 首先查看本地的网络配置:ip、子网掩码、网关
- 然后进入虚拟机,配置相关信息:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens33
- 将BOOTPROTO=dhcp修改为BOOTPROTO=static
- 然后,根据本地IP、网关添加到上面配置:
- 保存,退出,重启网卡
[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ OK ]
(4)验证
- ping一下百度试试
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.125) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125 (61.135.169.125): icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=7.85 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125 (61.135.169.125): icmp_seq=2 ttl=57 time=13.1 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125 (61.135.169.125): icmp_seq=3 ttl=57 time=20.6 ms
桥接固定IP完成。
3、关闭防火墙
(1)centOS6
// 临时关闭
service iptables stop
// 禁止开机启动
chkconfig iptables off
(2)centOS7
// 临时关闭
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl stop firewalld
// 禁止开机启动
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.