Android多媒体实现拍照，调用相册，音频等功能

加入消息提醒功能，每次发消息，使用通知显示人名、头像和内容

加入头像设置功能，支持拍照选取和从相册选取，裁剪

加入播放器功能，支持播放音乐和视频

首先看一下项目的总体：

项目名为Total，它是由三部分组成：Activity.java文件，9.png图形文件和xml布局文件，他简略的将之前所做过的部分实验合成在了一起；实现了部分功能：活动之间的跳转功能，发送消息功能，发送通知功能，上传图片和拍照功能以及调用多媒体功能。

实现流程：首先我们简单设置一个主功能界面用来显示几种功能：
创建 activity_main.xml文件
代码如下：

```java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/lu">
<!--    //版权保护：NG麒麟-->
<!--    //    Zc-->
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="聊天界面"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送通知"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="修改头像"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="多媒体"/>

</LinearLayout>

效果图如下：

编写activity函数；
给每一个button设置监听器并且设置相对应的activity；
代码如下：(注意红线处修改)

需设置为自己的对应的按钮和类名；

package com.example.total;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.example.total.Communicate.Talk;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//版权保护：NG麒麟
//    Zc
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,Talk.class);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        });

        Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,Notification.class);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        });

        Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);

        button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,Change.class);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        });

        Button button4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button4);

        button4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,Media.class);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        });

    }
}

之后从发送通知开始依次创建其相应的xml文件和activity文件，并且在创建的同时需要在manifest中注册activity；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.total">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.Total">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".Notification"/>
        <activity android:name=".Change"/>
        <activity android:name=".Media"/>
        <activity android:name=".Communicate.Talk"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

1、 发送通知：
创建activity_notification.xml：设置一个简单的发送通知按钮；
代码如下：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@drawable/zc_qiao"
    >

    <Button android:id="@+id/send_notice"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送通知"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建Notification活动类，编写相应的函数；

主要代码如下：

package com.example.total;

import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat;

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
public class Notification extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    //版权保护：NG麒麟
//    Zc
    NotificationManager manager ;
    String id ="channel_1";//channel的id
    String description = "123";//channel的描述信息
    int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW;//channel的重要性
    NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(id, "123", importance);//生成channel

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_notification);
        Button sendNotice = findViewById(R.id.send_notice);
        sendNotice.setOnClickListener(this);
        manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);//添加channel
        switch (view.getId()){
            case R.id.send_notice:
                android.app.Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,id)
                        .setContentTitle("赴火给您发来一条消息")
                        .setContentText("你在干嘛呢")
                        .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
//                        .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
//                        .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeearth.9.pngResource(getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
                        .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.cc)
                        .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.cc))
                        .build();
                manager.notify(1,notification);
                break;
            default:
                break;

        }
    }

}

注意：在Android O后 引入了一个叫NotificationChannel的类 在sdk版本为26的时候 不加入此类就设置用不了点击事件；

之后连接起来活动和布局之后就可以运行了；
效果图如下：

2、 修改头像；
同上，首先创建activity_change.xml;
代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@drawable/zc_qiao">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/fromAlbum"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:text="从相册选取" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takePhoto"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:text="拍照" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/img"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="30dp" />

</LinearLayout>

(简单设置了两个按钮用来实现调用相机功能调用相册上传照片和裁剪功能)
(拍照需要连接手机，虚拟机似乎没有拍照功能，调用相册可以直接使用)

之后编写Change活动类：
代码如下：

package com.example.total;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import java.io.File;

public class Change extends AppCompatActivity {
    //版权保护：NG麒麟
//    Zc
    private Button mFromAlbum; // 从相册选取
    private Button mTakePhotos; // 照相
    private ImageView mImgView;
    private final int FROM_ALBUM = 0;
    private final int FROM_TAKE_PHOTOS = 1;
    private final int PHOTO_CUT = 2;
    private final String FILE_NAME = "tempimg.jpg";
    private File tempFile;
    private Bitmap bitmap;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_change);
        mImgView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
        mFromAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.fromAlbum);
        mTakePhotos = (Button) findViewById(R.id.takePhoto);
        //从相册选取照片
        mFromAlbum.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
                intent.setType("image/*");
                startActivityForResult(intent, FROM_ALBUM);
            }
        });
        //即时拍摄头像
        mTakePhotos.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
                // 判断存储卡是否可以用，可用进行存储
                if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
                        Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
                    intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri
                            .fromFile(new File(Environment
                                    .getExternalStorageDirectory(), FILE_NAME)));
                }
                startActivityForResult(intent, FROM_TAKE_PHOTOS);
            }
        });
    }

    @SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        switch (requestCode) {
            case FROM_ALBUM:
                if (data != null) {
                    // 取到照片路径
                    Uri uri = data.getData();
                    editPic(uri);
                }
                break;
            case FROM_TAKE_PHOTOS:
                if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
                        Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
                    tempFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
                            FILE_NAME);
                    editPic(Uri.fromFile(tempFile));
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(Change.this, "未找到存储卡！", 0).show();
                }
                break;
            case PHOTO_CUT:
                try {
                    bitmap = data.getParcelableExtra("data");
                    mImgView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    //删除缓存图片
                    tempFile.delete();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                break;
        }
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

    }

    /** 编辑选中的照片 */
    private void editPic(Uri uri) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
        intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
        // 裁剪框的比例，1：1
        intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
        intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
        // 裁剪后输出图片的尺寸大小
        intent.putExtra("outputX", 250);
        intent.putExtra("outputY", 250);
        intent.putExtra("outputFormat", "JPEG");
        intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
        intent.putExtra("return-data", true);
        startActivityForResult(intent, PHOTO_CUT);
    }
}

代码中设置了相对应的鼠标监听器功能；调用摄像头功能，从相册中选取照片时需判断url路径和存储路径等，以及编辑照片时的editPic功能等；
效果图如下：

最终即可得到效果图；照片上传成功；
拍照功能接入手机打开开发者模式接入USB即可运行；

3、 多媒体功能：
4、 创建activity_media.xml文件；

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_margin="3dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@drawable/zc_qiao">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/play"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="播放" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/pause"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="暂停" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/stop"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="停止" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <SeekBar
        android:id="@+id/seekbar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:max="0"
        android:progress="0"
        android:secondaryProgress="0" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:text="当前时间" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
            android:text="总时间" />
    </RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout>

编写Media类活动函数;

package com.example.total;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.R.integer;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.SeekBar;
import android.widget.SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class Media extends Activity implements OnClickListener,
        OnSeekBarChangeListener {
    //版权保护：NG麒麟
//    Zc
    private Button play, pause, stop;
    private MediaPlayer player;
    private SeekBar mSeekBar;
    private TextView tv, tv2;
    private boolean hadDestroy = false;
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {

            switch (msg.what) {
                case 0x01:

                    break;

                default:
                    break;
            }
        };
    };
    Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            if (!hadDestroy) {
                mHandler.postDelayed(this, 1000);
                int currentTime = Math
                        .round(player.getCurrentPosition() / 1000);
                String currentStr = String.format("%s%02d:%02d", "当前时间 ",
                        currentTime / 60, currentTime % 60);
                tv.setText(currentStr);
                mSeekBar.setProgress(player.getCurrentPosition());
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_media);
        play = (Button) findViewById(R.id.play);
        pause = (Button) findViewById(R.id.pause);
        stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);
        mSeekBar = (SeekBar) findViewById(R.id.seekbar);
        tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
        tv2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv2);
        mSeekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(this);
        play.setOnClickListener(this);
        pause.setOnClickListener(this);
        stop.setOnClickListener(this);
        player = new MediaPlayer();
        initMediaplayer();

    }

    /**
     * 初始化播放器
     */
    private void initMediaplayer() {
        try {
            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
                    + "/Download/", "aiqiu.mp3");
            player.setDataSource(file.getPath());
            Log.e("播放器", file.toString());
            player.prepare();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.play:
                if (!player.isPlaying()) {
                    player.start();
                    int totalTime = Math.round(player.getDuration() / 1000);
                    String str = String.format("%02d:%02d", totalTime / 60,
                            totalTime % 60);
                    tv2.setText(str);
                    mSeekBar.setMax(player.getDuration());
                    mHandler.postDelayed(runnable, 1000);
                }

                break;
            case R.id.pause:
                if (player.isPlaying()) {
                    player.pause();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.stop:
                if (player.isPlaying()) {
                    player.reset();
                    initMediaplayer();
                }
                break;

            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress,
                                  boolean fromUser) {
        if (player != null) {
            player.seekTo(seekBar.getProgress());
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void onStartTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根

    }

    @Override
    public void onStopTrackingTouch(SeekBar seekBar) {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        super.onDestroy();
        if (player != null) {
            player.stop();
            hadDestroy = true;
            player.release();
        }
    }

}

效果图如下：

同样需要导入手机中的音频文件才可以播放；

其中还加入了发送消息的功能正如图1所示：


布局比较简单就不放了；
Talk.activity代码：

package com.example.total.Communicate;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import com.example.total.R;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Talk extends Activity {
    private List<Msg> msgList = new ArrayList<>();
    private EditText inputText;
    private Button send;
    private RecyclerView msgRecyclerView;
    private MsgAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_talk);
        initMsgs();//初始化消息数据

        inputText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_text);//消息内容绑定
        send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);//按钮绑定发送
        msgRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.msg_recycler_view);//recycleView 绑定图片
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);//绑定当前类上下文
        msgRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);//将绑定好的上下文添加到recycleView

        adapter = new MsgAdapter(msgList);//new
        msgRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);//设置

        send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {     //点击事件
                                    @Override
                                    public void onClick(View v) {
                                        String content = inputText.getText().toString();
                                        if (!("".equals(content))) {
                                            Toast.makeText(Talk.this,"sure",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                            //show msg
                                            Msg msg = new Msg(content,Msg.TYPE_SENT);
                                            msgList.add(msg);

                                            adapter.notifyItemInserted(msgList.size()-1);
                                            msgRecyclerView.scrollToPosition(msgList.size()-1);

                                            inputText.setText("");//clear
                                        }
                                    }
                                }

        );
    }

    private void initMsgs() {
        Msg msg1 = new Msg("Hello",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg1);
        Msg msg2 = new Msg("I'm John",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg4 = new Msg("who are you",Msg.TYPE_RECEIVED);
        msgList.add(msg2);
        Msg msg3 = new Msg("Hello",Msg.TYPE_SENT);
        msgList.add(msg3);
    }
}

谢谢关注，持续更新；