Tex Quotes, UVa 272

TEX is a typesetting language developed by Donald Knuth. It takes source text together with a few typesetting instructions and produces, one hopes, a beautiful document. Beautiful documents use “ and ” to delimit quotations, rather than the mundane " which is what is provided by most keyboards. Keyboards typically do not have an oriented double-quote, but they do have a left-single-quote ` and a right-single-quote '. Check your keyboard now to locate the left-single-quote key ` (sometimes called the “backquote key”) and the right-single-quote key ' (sometimes called the “apostrophe” or just “quote”). Be careful not to confuse the left-single-quote ` with the “backslash” key \. TEX lets the user type two left-single-quotes `` to create a left-double-quote “ and two right-single-quotes '' to create a right-double-quote ”. Most typists, however, are accustomed to delimiting their quotations with the un-oriented double-quote ". If the source contained "To be or not to be," quoth the bard, "that is the question." then the typeset document produced by TEX would not contain the desired form: “To be or not to be,” quoth the bard, “that is the question.” In order to produce the desired form, the source file must contain the sequence: ``To be or not to be,'' quoth the bard, ``that is the question.'' You are to write a program which converts text containing double-quote (") characters into text that is identical except that double-quotes have been replaced by the two-character sequences required by TEX for delimiting quotations with oriented double-quotes. The double-quote (") characters should be replaced appropriately by either `` if the " opens a quotation and by '' if the " closes a quotation. Notice that the question of nested quotations does not arise: The first " must be replaced by ``, the next by '', the next by ``, the next by '', the next by ``, the next by '', and so on.

Input

Input will consist of several lines of text containing an even number of double-quote (") characters. Input is ended with an end-of-file character.

Output

The text must be output exactly as it was input except that: • the first " in each pair is replaced by two ` characters: `` and • the second " in each pair is replaced by two ' characters: ''.

Sample Input

"To be or not to be," quoth the Bard, "that is the question". The programming contestant replied: "I must disagree. To `C' or not to `C', that is The Question!"

Sample Output

``To be or not to be,'' quoth the Bard, ``that is the question''. The programming contestant replied: ``I must disagree. To `C' or not to `C', that is The Question!''

本题的特点是：可以边读边处理，而不需要把输入字符串完整地存下来，因此getchar是 一个不错的选择。下面的代码里还有一个有趣的运算符"？："，是if语句的"表达式版"。表 达式"a?b:c"的含义是：当a为真时值为b，否则为c。另一个细节是直接用到了赋值语句"c = getchar()"的返回值，把它和EOF进行比较。这样的写法并不多见，但有时能让代码更简洁

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
  char c;
  int q=1;
  while((c=getchar())!=EOF)
  {
     if(c == '"')
     {
      printf("%s",q?"``":"''");
      q=!q;
  }
  else
  {
   printf("%c",c);
  }
   
   }
return 0;

}