可并堆模板
luogu P3377 示范
斜堆
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#define R register
#define Null b
struct Data
{
int key;
Data *lson, *rson;
} b[100010], *root[100010];
int tot;
int Pre[100010];
bool vis[100010];
int Find(R int Now){ return Pre[Now] == Now ? Now : Pre[Now] = Find(Pre[Now]); }
void Swap(R Data *&A, R Data *&B){ R Data *t = A; A = B; B = t; }
Data *Merge(R Data *A, R Data *B)
{
if(A == Null || B == Null) return A == Null ? B : A;
if(A->key > B->key || (A->key == B->key && A - b > B - b)) Swap(A, B);
A->rson = Merge(A->rson, B);
Swap(A->rson, A->lson);
return A;
}
void Pop(R Data *&A){ A = Merge(A->lson, A->rson); }
int main()
{
b[0] = (Data) {0, Null, Null};
R int N, M;
scanf("%d %d", &N, &M);
for(R int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
R int t;
scanf("%d", &t);
b[++tot] = (Data) {t, Null, Null};
root[i] = b + tot;
Pre[i] = i;
}
root[0] = Null;
while(M--)
{
R int opt, x, y;
scanf("%d", &opt);
if(opt == 1)
{
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
R int X = Find(x), Y = Find(y);
if(X != Y && !vis[x] && !vis[y])
{
Pre[Y] = X;
root[X] = Merge(root[X], root[Y]);
}
}
else
{
scanf("%d", &x);
if(vis[x]) puts("-1");
else
{
R int X = Find(x);
printf("%d\n", root[X]->key);
vis[root[X] - b] = 1;
Pop(root[X]);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
左偏树
两者的区别仅在于左偏树记录了距离,根据距离交换;而斜堆是每次都交换,均摊为O(log n),单次最坏为O(n)。
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#define R register
#define Null b
struct Data
{
int dis, key;
Data *lson, *rson;
} b[100010], *root[100010];
int tot;
int Pre[100010];
bool vis[100010];
int Find(R int Now){ return Pre[Now] == Now ? Now : Pre[Now] = Find(Pre[Now]); }
void Swap(R Data *&A, R Data *&B){ R Data *t = A; A = B; B = t; }
Data *Merge(R Data *A, R Data *B)
{
if(A == Null || B == Null) return A == Null ? B : A;
if(A->key > B->key || (A->key == B->key && A - b > B - b)) Swap(A, B);
A->rson = Merge(A->rson, B);
if(A->rson->dis > A->lson->dis) Swap(A->rson, A->lson);
if(A->rson == Null) A->dis = 0;
else A->dis = A->rson->dis + 1;
return A;
}
void Pop(R Data *&A){ A = Merge(A->lson, A->rson); }
int main()
{
b[0] = (Data) {-1, 0, Null, Null};
R int N, M;
scanf("%d %d", &N, &M);
for(R int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
R int t;
scanf("%d", &t);
b[++tot] = (Data) {0, t, Null, Null};
root[i] = b + tot;
Pre[i] = i;
}
root[0] = Null;
while(M--)
{
R int opt, x, y;
scanf("%d", &opt);
if(opt == 1)
{
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
R int X = Find(x), Y = Find(y);
if(X != Y && !vis[x] && !vis[y])
{
Pre[Y] = X;
root[X] = Merge(root[X], root[Y]);
}
}
else
{
scanf("%d", &x);
if(vis[x]) puts("-1");
else
{
R int X = Find(x);
printf("%d\n", root[X]->key);
vis[root[X] - b] = 1;
Pop(root[X]);
}
}
}
return 0;
}