C++之String类函数原型

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
class String{
private:
    char *pstr;
public:
    String(const char *str = " ")
    {
        pstr = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
        strcpy(pstr, str);
    }

    String(const String&s) //复制构造函数
    {
        pstr = new char[strlen(s.pstr) + 1];
        strcpy(pstr, s.pstr);
    }
    void show()
    {
        cout << pstr << endl;
    }
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, String&s);  //重载输出运算符<< 1
    friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, String&s);
    friend bool    operator==(const String &s1, const String &s2);//比较两个字符串是否相等

    String &operator=(String &s);   //重载赋值运算符    3
    String &operator+(String &s);   //重载+运算符连接
    String &operator+=(const String &s);//把字符串s连接到当前字符串的结尾
    char   &operator[](int n);
    int    length()   //获取字符串的长度   4
    { 
        return strlen(pstr); 
    }               
    bool isempty()  //当前字符串是否为空
    { 
        return length() == 0 ? true : false; 
    };

    bool operator>(const String&s);
    bool operator<(const String&s);
    bool operator>=(const String&s);
    bool operator<=(const String&s);
    bool operator!=(const String&s);

    int find_first_of(char c);//从前向后查找c出现的第一个位置
    int find_last_of(char c);//从后向前查找c出现的第一个位置
    int find_s_first_of(const char *s);//从前向后查找字符串s第一次出现的位置
    int find_s_last_of(const char *s);//从后向前查找字符串s第一次出现的位置
    int find(char s, int pos);  //从pos开始查找字符c在字符串中的位置
    int rfind(char s, int pos); //从pos开始逆序查找字符c在字符串中的位置
    int find(char *s, int pos); //从pos开始查找字符串c在字符串中的位置
    int rfind(char *s, int pos);    //从pos开始逆序查找字符串c在字符串中的位置

    String &exchange(char s1, char s2); //将字符串中所有的字符s1都用字符s2替换
    String &exchange(char *s1, char *s2);   //将字串中的字符串s1替换成字符串s2

    void   swap(String& s);         //交换两个字符串的值

    String &Toupper();              //将小写化为大写
    String &Tolpper();              //大写变小写
    String substr(int pos, int n);  //从pos开始返回n个字符组成的字串
    String &deletes(char c);        //删除字符串中所有的字符c
    ~String(){ delete[]pstr; };
};

#include "String.h"

//重载输出运算符
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, String &s)
{
    os << s.pstr;
    return os;
}
//重载输入运算符
istream &operator>>(istream &is, String &s)
{
    is >> s.pstr;
    return is;
}
//重载+运算符连接
String &String::operator+(String &s)
{
    strcat(this->pstr, s.pstr);
    return *this;
}
//重载赋值运算符
String &String::operator=(String &s)
{
    if (this == &s)
        return *this;
    delete[] pstr;
    int length = strlen(s.pstr);
    pstr = new char[length + 1];
    strcpy(pstr, s.pstr);
    return *this;
}
//把字符串s连接到当前字符串的结尾
String &String::operator+=(const String &s)
{
    strcat(this->pstr, s.pstr);
    return *this;
}
char &String::operator[](int n)
{
    char s = '\0';
    if (n <strlen(pstr) && n>0)
        return pstr[n];
    else
        return s;
}

//比较两个字符串是否相等
bool operator==(const String &s1, const String &s2)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; s1.pstr[i] != '\0'&&s2.pstr != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (s1.pstr[i] == s2.pstr[i])
            continue;
        else
            return false;
    }
}
bool String::operator>(const String&s)
{
    return strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) > 0;
}

bool String::operator<(const String&s)
{
    return strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) < 0;
}

bool String::operator>=(const String&s)
{
    return strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) >= 0;
}

bool String::operator<=(const String&s)
{
    return strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) <= 0;
}

bool String::operator!=(const String&s)
{
    if (strcmp(pstr, s.pstr) == 0)
        return false;
    else 
        return true;
}

String &String::Toupper()
{
    for (int i = 0; pstr[i] != 0; i++)
    {
        if (pstr[i] >= 'a' && pstr[i] <= 'z')
            pstr[i] = pstr[i] - 32;
    }
    return *this;
}
String &String::Tolpper()
{
    strlwr(this->pstr);
    return *this;
}
int String::find_first_of(char c)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; pstr[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (pstr[i] == c)
        {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::find_last_of(char c)
{
    int index = 0;
    for (int i = 0; pstr[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (pstr[i] == c)
            index = i;
    }
    return index;
}

int String::find_s_first_of(const char *s)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; pstr[i]; i++)
    {
        int j;
        for (j = i; pstr[j] && s[j - i]; j++)
        {
            if (pstr[j] != s[j - i])
                break;
        }
        if (s[j - i] == '\0')
        {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::find_s_last_of(const char *s)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = strlen(pstr) - 1; i >= strlen(s); i--)
    {
        //printf("i=%d \n",i);
        int j;
        for (j = i - strlen(s) + 1; j <= i; j++)
        {
            //printf("j=%d \n", j);
            if (j < 0)
                break;
            if (pstr[j] != s[j + strlen(s) - i - 1])
            {
                //printf("pstr[%d] =%c  s[%d + %d - %d - 1] =%c \n", j, pstr[j], j, strlen(s), i, s[j + strlen(s) - i - 1]);
                break;
            }

        }
        if (j == i + 1)
        {
            index = i - strlen(s) + 1;
            //printf("index=%d",index);
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::find(char s, int pos)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = pos; pstr[i]; i++)
    {
        if (pstr[i] == s)
        {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::rfind(char s, int pos)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = pos - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        if (pstr[i] == s)
        {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::find(char *s, int pos)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = pos; pstr[i]; i++)
    {
        int j;
        for (j = i; pstr[j] && s[j - i]; j++)
        {
            if (pstr[j] != s[j - i])
                break;
        }
        if (s[j - i] == '\0')
        {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
int String::rfind(char *s, int pos)
{
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = pos - 1; i >= strlen(s); i--)
    {
        int j;
        for (j = i - strlen(s) + 1; j <= i; j++)
        {
            if (j < 0)
                break;
            if (pstr[j] != s[j + strlen(s) - 1 - i])
                break;
        }
        if (j == i + 1)
        {
            index = i - strlen(s) + 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return index;
}
String &String::exchange(char s1, char s2)
{
    for (int i = 0; this->pstr[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (this->pstr[i] == s1)
            this->pstr[i] = s2;
    }
    return *this;
}
String &String::exchange(char *s1, char *s2)
{

    return *this;
}
void String::swap(String& s)
{
    char * p = pstr;
    pstr = s.pstr;
    s.pstr = p;
}
String String::substr(int pos, int n)
{
    char *p = new char[n + 1];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        *p++ = this->pstr[pos + i];
    return String(p);
}
String &String::deletes(char c)
{
    for (int i = 0; this->pstr[i] != '\0'; i++)
    {
        if (this->pstr[i] == c)
        {
            for (int j = i; this->pstr[i] != '\0'; j++)
            {
                this->pstr[j] = this->pstr[j + 1];
                if (this->pstr[j + 1] == '\0')
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    return *this;
}


int main(){
    String b, a("abc");
    String s1 = ("012355");
    String s2 = ("123abs456abc");
    cout << "请输入b的值:";
    cin >> b;
    cout << "b=" << b << endl;
    cout << "a=" << a << endl;

    a = b;
    cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    cout << "a.length()=" << a.length() << endl;
    cout << "s1=" << s1 << endl;
    cout << "s1+a=" << s1 + a << endl;
    cout << "s1=" << s1 << endl;

    s1 += a;
    cout << "s1=" << s1 << endl;
    cout << "s2[3]=" << s2[3] << endl;

    if (b.isempty())
        cout << "b为空" << endl;
    else
        cout << "b不为空" << endl;
    if (a == s1)
        cout << "a=s1" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a!=s1" << endl;
    if (a > s1)
        cout << "a>s1" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a<=s1" << endl;
    if (a < s1)
        cout << "a<s1" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a>=s1" << endl;

    a = s2;
    cout << "a=" << a << endl;
    cout << "s2=" << s2 << endl;

    if (a >= s2)
        cout << "a>=s2" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a<s2" << endl;
    if (a <= s1)
        cout << "a<=s1" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a>s1" << endl;
    if (a != s2)
        cout << "a!=s2" << endl;
    else
        cout << "a=s2" << endl;
    cout << "s1=" << s1 << endl;
    cout << s1.Toupper() << endl;
    cout << s1.Tolpper() << endl;

    String s3("012345abcde");

    cout << "s3 \t\t\t= " << s3 << endl;
    cout << "s3.find_first_of('a')\t\t=" << s3.find_first_of('a') << endl;
    cout << "s3.find_last_of('e') \t\t=" << s3.find_last_of('e') << endl;
    cout << "s3.find_s_first_of(\"bc\")\t= " << s3.find_s_first_of("bc") << endl;
    cout << "s3.find_s_last_of(\"123\")\t= " << s3.find_s_last_of("123") << endl;
    cout << "s3.find('e', 6)\t\t\t= " << s3.find('e', 6) << endl;
    cout << "s3.rfind('e', 6)\t\t=" << s3.rfind('e', 6) << endl;
    cout << "s3.find(\"abc\", 5)\t\t=" << s3.find("abc", 5) << endl;
    cout << "s3.rfind(\"cd\", 5)\t\t=" << s3.rfind("cd", 5) << endl;
    cout << "s3.exchange('b', 'X')\t\t=" << s3.exchange('b', 'X') << endl;
    cout << "s3.exchange(\"123\",\"555\")\t=" << s3.exchange("123", "555") << endl;
    cout << "s3.deletes('5')\t\t\t=" << s3.deletes('5') << endl;

    getchar();
    return 0;
}