Python内置函数汇总

Talk is cheap, show me the code. 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    """abs() 取绝对值"""
    assert abs(-1) == 1

    """all(iterator) 迭代对象中 全部为True 才返回True"""
    assert all([0, '', None, False]) is False
    assert all([]) is True
    assert all(()) is True

    """any(iterator) 迭代对象中 有一个元素为True 就返回True"""
    assert any([0, '', None, False, True]) is True
    assert any([]) is False
    assert any(()) is False

    """basestring() 方法是 str 和 unicode 的超类（父类）"""
    assert isinstance('Hello', (str, unicode))
    assert isinstance('Hello', basestring)

    """bin()返回一个整数int或者长整数long int 的二进制表示"""
    assert bin(10) == '0b1010'
    assert isinstance(bin(20), basestring)

    """将给定参数转换为bool类型"""
    assert not bool()
    assert not bool(0)
    assert bool(1)
    assert issubclass(bool, int)  # bool 是int的子类

    """bytearray() 返回一个新的字节数组"""
    assert bytearray() == bytearray(b'')
    assert bytearray([1, 2, 3]) == bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03')
    assert bytearray('hello', 'utf-8') == bytearray(b'hello')

    """callable() 检查函数是否是可调用的"""
    assert not callable(0)
    assert not callable('string')

    """chr() 返回整数对应的ASCII字符"""
    assert chr(0x61) == 'a'
    assert chr(97) == 'a'

    """classmethod 装饰类函数不需要实例化"""
    pass

    """cmp(x, y) 比较两个对象"""
    assert cmp(80, 100) == -1
    assert not cmp(80, 80)
    assert cmp(100, 80) == 1

    """compile() 将一个字符串编译为字节代码"""

    """complex() 创建一个复数"""

    """delattr() 删除属性"""
    # delattr(object, name)

    """dict() 创建一个字典"""
    assert dict(a='a', b='b', c='c') == {'a': 'a', 'b': 'b', 'c': 'c'}
    assert dict(zip(['a', 'b', 'c'], [1, 2, 3])) == {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}