多线程（四）——重入锁和读写锁以及CAS无锁机制

概念：

1、在java环境下ReentrantLock和synchronized都是可重入锁
2、非重入锁会导致死锁
3、重入锁，传递给下一个方法，重复使用

重入锁测试代码：

package thread.pool;

/**
 * 重入锁、非重入锁
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Test5 implements Runnable {
	public synchronized void get(){
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() +"---get()");
		set();
	}
	
	public synchronized void set(){
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() +"---set()");
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		get();
		
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Test5 th = new Test5();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
	}
}

package thread.pool;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * 重入锁、非重入锁
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Test6 implements Runnable {
	ReentrantLock dd = new ReentrantLock();
	public void get(){
		dd.lock();
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() +"---get()");
		set();
		dd.unlock();
	}
	
	public void set(){
		dd.lock();
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() +"---set()");
		dd.unlock();
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		get();
		
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Test6 th = new Test6();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
		new Thread(th).start();
	}
}

读写锁的测试代码：

package thread.pool;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

/**
 * 
 * 读写锁
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Test7 {
	static Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
	static ReentrantReadWriteLock da = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
	static Lock r = da.readLock();
	static Lock w = da.writeLock();
	public static void get(String key) {
		r.lock();
		System.out.println(""+key+"正在进行----读----操作-----开始");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
			Object object = map.get(key);
			System.out.println(""+key+"-"+object+"正在进行----读---操作-----结束");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			r.unlock();
		}
	}

	public static void set(String key, String value) {
		w.lock();
		System.out.println(""+key+"-"+value+"正在进行----写----操作-----开始");
		try {
			Thread.sleep(100);
			map.put(key, value);
			System.out.println(""+key+"-"+value+"正在进行----写----操作-----结束");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			w.unlock();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		new Thread(new Runnable() {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
					Test7.get(i+"");
				}
			}
		}).start();
		new Thread(new Runnable() {

			@Override
			public void run() {
				for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
					Test7.set(i+"", i+"");
				}
			}
		}).start();

	}
}

4、CAS无锁机制
举例：原子类底层实现保证线程安全，就是采用CAS无锁机制，CAS无锁机制效率比有效机制高
5、CAS体系中有三个参数，它包含三个参数CAS(V,E,N):v表示要更新的变量值,E表示预期值,N表示新值。仅当V值等于E值时，才会将V的值设为N,如果V值和E值不同，则说明已经有其他线程做了更新，则当前线程什么都不会做。最后，CAS返回当前V的真实值