1.当我们想发送一个结构体给服务端时,如果该结构体是字节对齐,那么无需考虑大小端的转换
比如:
typedef struct OpenMessage
{
int32_t SessionType;
int32_t SessionId;
int64_t TimeStamp;
};
OpenMessage kmessage;给结构体赋值后,char * sendbuffer = (char *)&kmessage;
2、UDP客户端/服务器端
当我们UDP定时(2s)给服务端发送数据,服务端收到数据后将此数据再发送给客户端,客户端接收,因此客户端和服务器端都会使用sendto和recvfrom,但是客户端程序当我们在一个主线程中使用sendto和recvfrom时,会出现recvfrom被阻塞,客户端没有周到数据也无法再发送数据。
UDPServer.cpp
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int UDPServer()
{
int sock;
struct sockaddr_in toAddr;
struct sockaddr_in fromAddr;
sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,IPPROTO_UDP);
if(sock < 0)
{
perror("socket!");
return -1;
}
memset(&fromAddr,0,sizeof(fromAddr));
fromAddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
fromAddr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("0.0.0.0");
fromAddr.sin_port = htons(7861);
if(bind(sock,(struct sockaddr*)&fromAddr,sizeof(fromAddr))<0)
{
perror("bind!");
close(sock);
return -1;
}
int count =0;
int recvLen;
unsigned int addrLen;
char recvBuffer[1024]={0};
while(1)
{
count ++;
addrLen = sizeof(toAddr); //client
recvLen = recvfrom(sock,recvBuffer,1024,0,(struct sockaddr*)&toAddr,&addrLen);
if(recvLen>0)
{
recvBuffer[recvLen]= 0;
printf("recv size:%2d,count = %2d\n",recvLen,count);
int ret =0;
ret = sendto(sock,recvBuffer,recvLen,0,(struct sockaddr*)&toAddr,sizeof(toAddr));
if(ret!=recvLen)
{
perror("sendto");
}
}
else
{
sleep(1);
}
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
UDPServer();
return 0;
}
UDPClient.cpp
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef struct message
{
int32_t SessionType;
int32_t SessionId;
int64_t TimeStamp;
};
int main()
{
int socket_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(socket_fd == -1)
{
perror("udp_socket");
return -1;
}
struct sockaddr_in addr;
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.154.201");
addr.sin_port = htons(4000);
if (addr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE)
{
printf("Incorrect ip address!");
close(socket_fd);
return -1;
}
char buff[1024];
int sessionId =0;
socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);
message sendmessages;
while (1)
{
sleep(2);
sessionId ++ ;
sendmessages.SessionType = 1;
sendmessages.SessionId = sessionId;
sendmessages.TimeStamp = 9999;
printf("client send:%d ,%d ,%lld \n", sendmessages.SessionType, sendmessages.SessionId, sendmessages.TimeStamp);
char * sendbuffer = (char *)&sendmessages;
int n;
n = sendto(socket_fd, sendbuffer, sizeof(sendmessages), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
if (n < 0)
{
perror("sendto !");
}
memset(buff,0,sizeof (buff));
n = recvfrom(socket_fd, buff, 1024, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len);
if (n>0)
{
message recv;
memcpy(&recv, buff, sizeof(message)+1);
buff[n] = 0;
printf("client recv:%d ,%d ,%lld \n", recv.SessionType, recv.SessionId, recv.TimeStamp);
}
else
{
printf("recvfrom error!\n");
}
close(socket_fd);
return 0;
}
如果想长时间客户端和服务器端交互,那么客户端出现被阻塞情况,一直收不到数据,也没有动力再去发送数据!!!
因为网络的问题,经常丢包,也就是发了之后没有响应。这样的话,recvfrom会一直停在那里,死机了一样。