ffmpeg h264转avi学习笔记

本章只记录h264封装成avi格式视频，参考ffmpeg项目的avienc.c，avi封装格式图请查看这个博客:https://blog.csdn.net/houxiaoni01/article/details/84341885

结构体如下：

typedef struct
{
  
  long   fdes;              /* File descriptor of AVI file */
  u_8    bExtFd;			//is extern fd,not close
  u_8    recv[3];
  long   mode;              /* 0 for reading, 1 for writing */
  
  long   width;             /* Width  of a video frame */
  long   height;            /* Height of a video frame */
  double fps;               /* Frames per second */
  char   compressor[8];     /* Type of compressor, 4 bytes + padding for 0 byte */
  char   compressor2[8];     /* Type of compressor, 4 bytes + padding for 0 byte */
  long   video_strn;        /* Video stream number */
  long   video_frames;      /* Number of video frames */
  char   video_tag[4];      /* Tag of video data */
  long   video_pos;         /* Number of next frame to be read
			       (if index present) */
  
  unsigned long max_len;    /* maximum video chunk present */
  
  track_t track[AVI_MAX_TRACKS];  // up to AVI_MAX_TRACKS audio tracks supported
  
  off_t pos;        /* position in file */
  long   n_idx;             /* number of index entries actually filled */
  long   max_idx;           /* number of index entries actually allocated */
  
  off_t v_codech_off;       /* absolut offset of video codec (strh) info */ 
  off_t v_codecf_off;       /* absolut offset of video codec (strf) info */ 
  
  unsigned char (*idx)[16]; /* index entries (AVI idx1 tag) */
  video_index_entry *video_index;
  
  off_t last_pos;          /* Position of last frame written */
  unsigned long last_len;          /* Length of last frame written */
  int must_use_index;              /* Flag if frames are duplicated */
  off_t movi_start;
  
  int anum;            // total number of audio tracks 
  int aptr;            // current audio working track 
  
  BITMAPINFOHEADER_avilib *bitmap_info_header;
  WAVEFORMATEX_avilib *wave_format_ex[AVI_MAX_TRACKS];

  s_8* sendBuf;
  u_32 sendLen;
  u_32 sndOut;
  u_32 sendAll;
} avi_t;

 

伪代码流程：

1.open一个avi文件句柄

2.找一个开始时间戳的I帧；

3.设置视频通道的分辨率、帧率

4.设置音频通道采样率，格式，码率

5.填充avi格式数据

6.写入h264 视频帧

7.close avi文件句柄

ok，先看看ffmpeg是怎么填充avi格式的。如下所示：

static int avi_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVIContext *avi = s->priv_data;
    AVIOContext *pb = s->pb;
    int bitrate, n, i, nb_frames, au_byterate, au_ssize, au_scale;
    int64_t max_stream_duration = 0;
    AVCodecParameters *video_par;
    AVStream *video_st = NULL;
    int64_t list1, list2, strh, strf;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = NULL;
    int padding;

    if (s->nb_streams > AVI_MAX_STREAM_COUNT) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "AVI does not support "
               ">"AV_STRINGIFY(AVI_MAX_STREAM_COUNT)" streams\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    for (n = 0; n < s->nb_streams; n++) {
        s->streams[n]->priv_data = av_mallocz(sizeof(AVIStream));
        if (!s->streams[n]->priv_data)
            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    }

    /* header list */
    avi->riff_id = 0;
    list1 = avi_start_new_riff(s, pb, "AVI ", "hdrl");

    /* avi header */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "avih");
    avio_wl32(pb, 14 * 4);
    bitrate = 0;

    video_par = NULL;
    for (n = 0; n < s->nb_streams; n++) {
        AVCodecParameters *par = s->streams[n]->codecpar;
        AVStream *st = s->streams[n];
        bitrate = FFMIN(bitrate + par->bit_rate, INT32_MAX);
        if (st->duration > 0) {
            int64_t stream_duration = av_rescale_q(st->duration, st->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);
            max_stream_duration = FFMAX(stream_duration, max_stream_duration);
        }
        if (par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            video_par = par;
            video_st = st;
        }
    }

    /* guess master index size based on bitrate and duration */
    if (!avi->reserve_index_space) {
        double duration_est, filesize_est;
        if (s->duration > 0)
            duration_est = (double)s->duration / AV_TIME_BASE;
        else if (max_stream_duration > 0)
            duration_est = (double)max_stream_duration / AV_TIME_BASE;
        else
            duration_est = 10 * 60 * 60; /* default to 10 hours */
        filesize_est = duration_est * (bitrate / 8) * 1.10; /* add 10% safety margin for muxer+bitrate */
        avi->master_index_max_size = FFMAX((int)ceil(filesize_est / AVI_MAX_RIFF_SIZE) + 1,
                                           avi->master_index_max_size);
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "duration_est:%0.3f, filesize_est:%0.1fGiB, master_index_max_size:%d\n",
               duration_est, filesize_est / (1024*1024*1024), avi->master_index_max_size);
    }

    nb_frames = 0;

    // TODO: should be a