关于相机的一些知识点

  1. 热成像,英文为Thermal Imaging。如果热成像镜头型号为640T,指的就是分辨率为640X512像素,T是热成像的缩写。

  2. 相机的CMOS,英文为Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,是数码相机的核心成像部件,是一种互补金属氧化物导体器件。

  3. DPI,英文为Dots Per Inch,每英寸点数是一个量度单位,用于点阵数码影像,指每一英寸长度中,取样、可显示或输出点的数目。

  4. EXIF信息,英文为Exchangeable image file format,是可交换图像文件的缩写,是专门为数码相机的照片设定的,可以记录数码照片的属性信息和拍摄数据。EXIF可以附加于JPEG、TIFF、RIFF等文件之中,为其增加有关数码相机拍摄信息的内容和索引图或图像处理软件的版本信息。
    在这里插入图片描述

  5. EV (Exposure Value) 有两种常见含义:

一、曝光值。
特征:
1.表示光照强度
2.反映场景亮度
3.通常范围0-20EV
4.数值越大越亮

常见值参考:
0EV: 夜景
8EV: 室内
12EV: 阴天
15EV: 晴天。

二、曝光补偿。
特征:
1.手动调整曝光
2.范围通常±3EV
3.步进0.3或0.7
4.用于调整亮度
注:步进XEV,每次调整的最小值是XEV。

调整值含义:
+2EV: 比标准亮2档
+1EV: 比标准亮1档
0EV: 标准曝光
-1EV: 比标准暗1档
-2EV: 比标准暗2档

这里档位可以简单理解为下方:
曝光补偿:
+1档:画面变两倍亮
+2档:画面变四倍亮
-1档:画面变两倍暗
-2档:画面变四倍暗

  1. WB,英文为white Balance,作用是告诉相机:现在所在的拍摄环境的现场光是什么类型的颜色!从字面上来理解就是告诉相机,在这个环境光下面,白色是什么样的!我们用简单的例子来说明,比如我们在拍摄室内人像,而现场的灯光是暧色的钨丝灯,那么我们在设定的时候将白平衡的设置调整为:钨丝灯。这就等于是告诉相机,现场的光照是黄色的暧色的钨丝灯,你需要把这种色调改变过来,变为正常的颜色。这时候拍出来的照片就不会偏黄和偏暧,而是变成我们熟悉的正常的一种颜色。
  2. ISO,英文为International Organization for Standardization,感光度是衡量相机传感器对光线敏感程度的指标。它的数值范围通常从100到6400,甚至更高。ISO数值越高,传感器对光线的敏感度越强,适合在低光环境下拍摄;ISO数值越低,传感器对光线的敏感度越弱,适合在光线充足的环境下拍摄。
  3. S,快门速度是快门打开并使相机传感器暴露在光线下的持续时间,快门速度(曝光时间)越长,到达传感器的光线就越多。
  4. 光圈
    定义:
    1.镜头内部的光学光圈叶片
    2.控制通光量的可变孔径
    3.影响进光量和景深的重要参数"

光圈值(F值),
1.F值 = 焦距/光圈直径
2.常见值:F1.4/F2/F2.8/F4/F5.6/F8/F11/F16
3.每升一档,通光量减少一半
4.F值越小,光圈越大"

影响因素:
1.进光量:

  • 光圈大,进光多
  • 光圈小,进光少

2.景深:

  • 光圈大,景深浅
  • 光圈小,景深深

3.画质:

  • 中等光圈通常最锐利
  • 过大过小可能影响画质"

专业术语:
1.最大光圈:镜头最大通光孔径
2.工作光圈:实际拍摄时使用的光圈
3.衍射:小光圈时的画质衰减现象
4.散景:背景虚化的艺术效果"

[Serializable] public class EXIF { #region -- Class level members -- // Class level members. private Image _picture; #endregion #region -- Constructors -- // Constructors. /// <summary> /// This is default constructor of the EXIF class. /// </summary> public EXIF() { } /// <summary> /// This is base constructor of the EXIF class. /// </summary> public EXIF(string filePath) { _picture = Image.FromFile(filePath); } #endregion #region -- Public methods -- /// <summary> /// This method returns EXIF property values. /// </summary> /// <param name="exifCode">EXIF property to be returned.</param> public string GetEXIFProperty(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { // Declare local variables. string returnValue; try { // All of the EXIF properties will return strings to display in the control. // Some of the properties require additional formatting or massaging // of the data once it is returned. Those properties have their own // methods. switch (exifCode) { case Definitions.exifCode.ImageDescription: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.ImageDescription); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Make: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.Make); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Model: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.Model); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Orientation: returnValue = Orientation(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.XResolution: returnValue = ParseResolution(Definitions.exifCode.XResolution); break; case Definitions.exifCode.YResolution: returnValue = ParseResolution(Definitions.exifCode.YResolution); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ResolutionUnit: returnValue = ResolutionUnit(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Software: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.Software); break; case Definitions.exifCode.DateTime: returnValue = ParsedDate(Definitions.exifCode.DateTime).ToString(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.WhitePoint: returnValue = WhitePoint(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.PrimaryChromaticities: returnValue = PrimaryChromaticities(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrCoefficients: returnValue = YCbCrCoefficients(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrPositioning: returnValue = YCbCrPositioning(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ReferenceBlackWhite: returnValue = ReferenceBlackWhite(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Copyright: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.Copyright); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExposureTime: returnValue = ExposureTime(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FNumber: returnValue = FNumber(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExposureProgram: returnValue = ExposureProgram(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ISOSpeedRatings: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.ISOSpeedRatings); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExifVersion: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.ExifVersion); break; case Definitions.exifCode.DateTimeOriginal: returnValue = ParsedDate(Definitions.exifCode.DateTimeOriginal).ToString(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.DateTimeDigitized: returnValue = ParsedDate(Definitions.exifCode.DateTimeDigitized).ToString(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ComponentsConfiguration: returnValue = ComponentsConfiguration(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.CompressedBitsPerPixel: returnValue = CompressedBitsPerPixel(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ShutterSpeedValue: returnValue = ShutterSpeedValue(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ApertureValue: returnValue = ApertureValue(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.BrightnessValue: returnValue = BrightnessValue(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExposureBiasValue: returnValue = ExposureBiasValue(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.MaxApertureValue: returnValue = MaxApertureValue(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SubjectDistance: returnValue = SubjectDistance(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.MeteringMode: returnValue = MeteringMode(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.LightSource: returnValue = LightSource(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Flash: returnValue = Flash(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FocalLength: returnValue = FocalLength(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.MakerNote: returnValue = MakerNote(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.UserComment: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.UserComment); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTime: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTime); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTimeOriginal: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTimeOriginal); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTimeDigitized: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.SubsecTimeDigitized); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FlashpixVersion: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.FlashpixVersion); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ColorSpace: returnValue = ColorSpace(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.RelatedSoundFile: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.RelatedSoundFile); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FocalPlaneXResolution: returnValue = FocalPlaneXResolution(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FocalPlaneYResolution: returnValue = FocalPlaneYResolution(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit: returnValue = ResolutionUnit(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExposureIndex: returnValue = ExposureIndex(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SensingMethod: returnValue = SensingMethod(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FileSource: returnValue = FileSource(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SceneType: returnValue = SceneType(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.CFAPattern: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.CFAPattern); break; case Definitions.exifCode.InteroperabilityIndex: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.InteroperabilityIndex); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ImageWidth: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.ImageWidth); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ImageLength: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.ImageLength); ; break; case Definitions.exifCode.BitsPerSample: returnValue = BitsPerSample(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Compression: returnValue = Compression(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.PhotometricInterpretation: returnValue = PhotometricInterpretation(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.StripOffsets: returnValue = StripOffsets(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SamplesPerPixel: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.SamplesPerPixel); break; case Definitions.exifCode.RowsPerStrip: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.RowsPerStrip); break; case Definitions.exifCode.StripByteCounts: returnValue = StripByteCounts(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.PlanarConfiguration: returnValue = PlanarConfiguration(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrSubSampling: returnValue = YCbCrSubSampling(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ImageUniqueID: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.ImageUniqueID); break; case Definitions.exifCode.JPEGInterchangeFormatLength: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.JPEGInterchangeFormatLength); break; case Definitions.exifCode.TransferFunction: returnValue = "Not implemented."; break; case Definitions.exifCode.PixelXDimension: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.PixelXDimension); break; case Definitions.exifCode.PixelYDimension: returnValue = UnformattedShort(Definitions.exifCode.PixelYDimension); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SpectralSensitivity: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.SpectralSensitivity); break; case Definitions.exifCode.OECF: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.OECF); break; case Definitions.exifCode.CustomRendered: returnValue = CustomRendered(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.ExposureMode: returnValue = ExposureMode(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.WhiteBalance: returnValue = WhiteBalance(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.DigitalZoomRatio: returnValue = DigitalZoomRatio(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.FocalLengthIn35mmFilm: returnValue = FocalLengthIn35mmFilm(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SceneCaptureType: returnValue = SceneCaptureType(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.GainControl: returnValue = GainControl(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Contrast: returnValue = Contrast(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Saturation: returnValue = Saturation(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.Sharpness: returnValue = Sharpness(); break; case Definitions.exifCode.DeviceSettingDescription: returnValue = ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode.DeviceSettingDescription); break; case Definitions.exifCode.SubjectDistanceRange: returnValue = SubjectDistanceRange(); break; default: returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; break; } return returnValue; } catch { return "N/A"; } } #endregion #region -- EXIF Methods -- /// <summary> /// This method returns the bits per sample EXIF property. /// </summary> private string BitsPerSample() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.BitsPerSample); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!data.Equals(null)) { returnValue = data[0].ToString() + " " + data[1].ToString() + " " + data[2].ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the compression EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Compression() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Compression); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!data.Equals(null)) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "uncompressed"; break; case 6: returnValue = "JPEG compression (thumbnails only)"; break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the photometric interpretation EXIF property. /// </summary> private string PhotometricInterpretation() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.PhotometricInterpretation); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data != null) { switch (data[0]) { case 2: returnValue = "RBG"; break; case 6: returnValue = "YCbCr"; break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the strip offsets EXIF property. /// </summary> private string StripOffsets() { return "Not implemented."; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the strip byte counts EXIF property. /// </summary> private string StripByteCounts() { return "Not implemented."; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the planar configuration EXIF property. /// </summary> private string PlanarConfiguration() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.PlanarConfiguration); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data != null) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "chunky format"; break; case 2: returnValue = "planar format"; break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the YCbCr subsampling EXIF property. /// </summary> private string YCbCrSubSampling() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrSubSampling); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data != null) { switch (data[0]) { case 2: if (data[1] == 1) { returnValue = "YCbCr4:2:2"; } else { returnValue = "YCbCr4:2:0"; } break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the orientation EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Orientation() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Orientation); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual top of the image, and the 0th column is the visual left-hand side."; break; case 2: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual top of the image, and the 0th column is the visual right-hand side."; break; case 3: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual bottom of the image, and the 0th column is the visual right-hand side."; break; case 4: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual bottom of the image, and the 0th column is the visual left-hand side."; break; case 5: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual left-hand side of the image, and the 0th column is the visual top."; break; case 6: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual right-hand side of the image, and the 0th column is the visual top."; break; case 7: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual right-hand side of the image, and the 0th column is the visual bottom."; break; case 8: returnValue = "The 0th row is at the visual left-hand side of the image, and the 0th column is the visual bottom."; break; default: returnValue = "Other"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the resolution unit EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ResolutionUnit() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] resUnit = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.ResolutionUnit); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (resUnit != null) { switch (resUnit[0]) { case 2: returnValue = "inches"; break; case 3: returnValue = "centimeters"; break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the white point EXIF property. /// </summary> private string WhitePoint() { string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational[] data = ParsedRationalArray(Definitions.exifCode.WhitePoint); if (data.Length > 0) { returnValue = data[0].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[1].Denominator.ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the primary chromaticities EXIF property. /// </summary> private string PrimaryChromaticities() { string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational[] data = ParsedRationalArray(Definitions.exifCode.PrimaryChromaticities); if (data.Length > 0) { returnValue = data[0].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[1].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[2].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[3].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[4].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[5].Denominator.ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the YCbCr coefficients EXIF property. /// </summary> private string YCbCrCoefficients() { string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational[] data = ParsedRationalArray(Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrCoefficients); if (data.Length > 0) { returnValue = data[0].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[1].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[2].Denominator.ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the YCbCr positioning EXIF property. /// </summary> private string YCbCrPositioning() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = ""; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.YCbCrPositioning); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "centered"; break; case 2: returnValue = "co-sited"; break; default: returnValue = "reserved"; break; } } else { returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the reference black white EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ReferenceBlackWhite() { string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational[] data = ParsedRationalArray(Definitions.exifCode.ReferenceBlackWhite); if (data.Length > 0) { returnValue = "[" + data[0].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[1].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[2].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[3].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[4].Denominator.ToString() + ", " + data[5].Denominator.ToString() + "]"; } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the exposure time EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ExposureTime() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational exposureTime = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.ExposureTime); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!exposureTime.Equals(null)) { if (exposureTime.Numerator == 0 && exposureTime.Denominator == 0) { returnValue = "N/A"; } else { returnValue = string.Format("{0}/{1} s", exposureTime.Numerator, exposureTime.Denominator); } } else { returnValue = "N/A"; } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the FNumber EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FNumber() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational fNumber = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.FNumber); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!fNumber.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("f{0}", (float)(fNumber.Numerator / fNumber.Denominator)); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the exposure program EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ExposureProgram() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.ExposureProgram); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Not defined"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Manual"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Normal program"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Aperture priority"; break; case 4: returnValue = "Shutter priority"; break; case 5: returnValue = "Creative program (biased toward depth of field)"; break; case 6: returnValue = "Action program (biased toward fast shutter speed)"; break; case 7: returnValue = "Portrait mode (for closeup photos with the background out of focus)"; break; case 8: returnValue = "Landscape mode (for landscape photos with the background in focus)"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the components configuration EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ComponentsConfiguration() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.ComponentsConfiguration); switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "YCbCr"; break; case 4: returnValue = "RGB"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the compressed bits per pixel EXIF property. /// </summary> // This method needs to fixed to return the correct value. private string CompressedBitsPerPixel() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational cbpp = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.CompressedBitsPerPixel); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!cbpp.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("{0}/{1}", cbpp.Numerator, cbpp.Denominator); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the aperture value EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ApertureValue() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational fNumber = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.FNumber); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!fNumber.Equals(null)) { double av = Math.Round(2 * Math.Log(((fNumber.Numerator / fNumber.Denominator)), 2.00)); returnValue = string.Format("f{0}", (double)av); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the shutter speed value EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ShutterSpeedValue() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; returnValue = ExposureTime(); return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the subject distance EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SubjectDistance() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational sd = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.SubjectDistance); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!sd.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("{0}", sd.Numerator); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the metering mode EXIF property. /// </summary> private string MeteringMode() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.MeteringMode); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Unknown"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Average"; break; case 2: returnValue = "CenterWeightedAverage"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Spot"; break; case 4: returnValue = "MultiSpot"; break; case 5: returnValue = "Pattern"; break; case 6: returnValue = "Partial"; break; case 255: returnValue = "Other"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the light source EXIF property. /// </summary> private string LightSource() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.LightSource); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "Daylight"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Fluorescent"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Tungsten (incandescent light)"; break; case 4: returnValue = "Flash"; break; case 9: returnValue = "Fine weather"; break; case 10: returnValue = "Cloudy weather"; break; case 11: returnValue = "Shade"; break; case 12: returnValue = "Daylight fluorescent (D 5700 - 7100K)"; break; case 13: returnValue = "Day white fluorescent (N 4600 - 5400K)"; break; case 14: returnValue = "Cool white fluorescent (W 3900 - 4500K)"; break; case 15: returnValue = "White fluorescent (WW 3200 - 3700K)"; break; case 17: returnValue = "Standard light A"; break; case 18: returnValue = "Standard light B"; break; case 19: returnValue = "Standard light C"; break; case 20: returnValue = "D55"; break; case 21: returnValue = "D65"; break; case 22: returnValue = "D75."; break; case 23: returnValue = "D50"; break; case 24: returnValue = "ISO studio tungsten"; break; case 255: returnValue = "other light source"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the flash EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Flash() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Flash); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Flash did not fire."; break; case 1: returnValue = "Flash fired."; break; case 5: returnValue = "Strobe return light not detected."; break; case 7: returnValue = "Strobe return light detected."; break; case 9: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode."; break; case 13: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode, return light not detected."; break; case 15: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode, return light detected."; break; case 16: returnValue = "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode."; break; case 24: returnValue = "Flash did not fire, auto mode."; break; case 25: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode."; break; case 29: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode, return light not detected."; break; case 31: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode, return light detected."; break; case 32: returnValue = "No flash function."; break; case 65: returnValue = "Flash fired, red-eye reduction mode."; break; case 69: returnValue = "Flash fired, red-eye reduction mode, return light not detected."; break; case 71: returnValue = "Flash fired, red-eye reduction mode, return light detected."; break; case 73: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction mode."; break; case 77: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction mode, return light not detected."; break; case 79: returnValue = "Flash fired, compulsory flash mode, red-eye reduction mode, return light detected."; break; case 89: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode, red-eye reduction mode."; break; case 93: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode, return light not detected, red-eye reduction mode."; break; case 95: returnValue = "Flash fired, auto mode, return light detected, red-eye reduction mode."; break; default: returnValue = "Not defined, reserved."; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the focal length EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FocalLength() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational focalLength = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.FocalLength); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!focalLength.Equals(null)) { if (focalLength.Numerator == 0 && focalLength.Denominator == 0) { returnValue = "N/A"; } else { returnValue = string.Format("{0:N0} mm", focalLength.Numerator * 1.0 / focalLength.Denominator); } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the maker note EXIF property. /// </summary> private string MakerNote() { return "Not implemented."; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the color space EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ColorSpace() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.ColorSpace); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "sRGB"; break; case 255: returnValue = "Uncalibrated"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the focal plane x resolution EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FocalPlaneXResolution() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational focalPlaneXRes = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.FocalPlaneXResolution); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!focalPlaneXRes.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("{0:N0} mm", (focalPlaneXRes.Numerator * 1.0 / focalPlaneXRes.Denominator)); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the focal plane y resolution EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FocalPlaneYResolution() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational focalPlaneYRes = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.FocalPlaneYResolution); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!focalPlaneYRes.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("{0:N0} mm", focalPlaneYRes.Numerator * 1.0 / focalPlaneYRes.Denominator); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the exposure index EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ExposureIndex() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational expIndex = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.ExposureIndex); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!expIndex.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("{0:N0} mm", expIndex.Numerator * 1.0 / expIndex.Denominator); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the sensing method EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SensingMethod() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.SensingMethod); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "Not defined."; break; case 2: returnValue = "One-chip color area sensor."; break; case 3: returnValue = "Two-chip color area sensor."; break; case 4: returnValue = "Three-chip color area sensor."; break; case 5: returnValue = "Color sequential area sensor."; break; case 7: returnValue = "Trilinear sensor."; break; case 8: returnValue = "Color sequential linear sensor"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved."; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the file source EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FileSource() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.FileSource); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 3: returnValue = "DSC"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the scene type EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SceneType() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.FileSource); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 1: returnValue = "A directly photographed image."; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved."; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the custom rendered EXIF property. /// </summary> private string CustomRendered() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.CustomRendered); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Normal process"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Custom process"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the exposure mode EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ExposureMode() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.ExposureMode); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Auto exposure"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Manual exposure"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Auto bracket"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the white balance EXIF property. /// </summary> private string WhiteBalance() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.WhiteBalance); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Auto white balance"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Manual white balance"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the focal length in 35mm film EXIF property. /// </summary> private string FocalLengthIn35mmFilm() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.FocalLengthIn35mmFilm); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { if (data[0] == 0) { returnValue = "Unknown"; } else if (data[0].ToString().Trim() == "NaN") { returnValue = "N/A"; } else { returnValue = data[0].ToString() + "mm"; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the scene capture type EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SceneCaptureType() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.SceneCaptureType); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Standard"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Landscape"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Portrait"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Night scene"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the gain control EXIF property. /// </summary> private string GainControl() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.GainControl); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "None"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Low gain up"; break; case 2: returnValue = "High gain up"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Low gain down"; break; case 4: returnValue = "High gain down"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the contrast EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Contrast() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Contrast); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Normal"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Soft"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Hard"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the saturation EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Saturation() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Saturation); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Normal"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Low saturation"; break; case 2: returnValue = "High saturation"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the sharpness EXIF property. /// </summary> private string Sharpness() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.Sharpness); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Normal"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Soft"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Hard"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the subject distance range EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SubjectDistanceRange() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.SubjectDistanceRange); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { switch (data[0]) { case 0: returnValue = "Unknown"; break; case 1: returnValue = "Macro"; break; case 2: returnValue = "Close view"; break; case 3: returnValue = "Distant view"; break; default: returnValue = "Reserved"; break; } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the subject location EXIF property. /// </summary> private string SubjectLocation() { // Declare local variables. // Get the value for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode.SubjectLocation); string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; if (data.Length > 0) { returnValue = "(" + data[0].ToString() + ", " + data[1].ToString() + ")"; } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the digital zoom ratio EXIF property. /// </summary> private string DigitalZoomRatio() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational dzr = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.DigitalZoomRatio); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!dzr.Equals(null)) { returnValue = dzr.Numerator.ToString() + ":" + dzr.Denominator.ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the brightness value EXIF property. /// </summary> private string BrightnessValue() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational data = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.DigitalZoomRatio); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!data.Equals(null)) { if ((long)data.Numerator >= Int32.MaxValue) { returnValue = "Unknown"; } else { returnValue = Math.Log(data.Numerator / data.Denominator, 2.0).ToString(); } } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the max aperture value EXIF property. /// </summary> private string MaxApertureValue() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational data = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.MaxApertureValue); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!data.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("f{0}", (double)(data.Numerator / data.Denominator)); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> /// This method returns the exposure bias value EXIF property. /// </summary> private string ExposureBiasValue() { //Declare local variables. string returnValue = "EXIF property not found."; EXIFRational data = ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode.ExposureBiasValue); //Translate the EXIF code into a readable value. if (!data.Equals(null)) { returnValue = string.Format("f{0}", (double)(data.Numerator / data.Denominator)); } return returnValue; } #endregion #region -- Private helper functions -- // Private helper functions. /// <summary> /// This method retrieves the data from the propery items collection. /// </summary> private byte[] GetPropertyValue(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { return _picture.GetPropertyItem((int)exifCode).Value; } /// <summary> /// This method returns string EXIF data. /// </summary> private string ParsedString(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { // Declare local variables. // Retrieve the data for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(exifCode); // Holds the return value. string parsed = ""; // If there's data, go ahead and parse it. if (data.Length > 1) { // Allocate some memory. IntPtr h = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(data.Length); int i = 0; foreach (byte b in data) { Marshal.WriteByte(h, i, b); i++; } parsed = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(h); Marshal.FreeHGlobal(h); } return parsed; } /// <summary> /// This method returns rational EXIF data. /// </summary> private EXIFRational ParsedRational(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { // Declare local variables. // Retrieve the data for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(exifCode); // Parse the data. EXIFRational parsed = new EXIFRational(data); return parsed; } /// <summary> /// This method returns an array of rational EXIF data. /// </summary> private EXIFRational[] ParsedRationalArray(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { // Declare local variables. // Retrieve the data for this EXIF property. byte[] data = GetPropertyValue(exifCode); // Holds the return value. EXIFRational[] parsed = null; int arraySize = (data.Length / 8); if (arraySize > 0) { parsed = new EXIFRational[arraySize]; for (int i = 0; i < arraySize; i++) { parsed[i] = new EXIFRational(data, i * 8); } } return parsed; } /// <summary> /// This method returns date/time EXIF data. /// </summary> private DateTime ParsedDate(Definitions.exifCode exifCode) { // Declare local variables. // Create a new date object. DateTime ret = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0); // Parse the data. string date = ParsedString(exifCode); // Format the data. if (date.Length >= 19) {
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