5.3.1 if语句

练习5.5

int main() {
	const vector<string> scores = { "F","D","C","B","A","A++" };
	string lettergrade;
	int grade = 0;
	while (cin >> grade)
	{
		if (grade < 60)
			lettergrade = scores[0];
		else {
			lettergrade = scores[(grade - 50) / 10];
		}
		cout << lettergrade << endl;

	}

}

练习5.6

int main() {
	const vector<string> scores = { "F","D","C","B","A","A++" };
	string lettergrade;
	int grade = 0;
	while (cin >> grade)
	{

		lettergrade = grade < 60 ? lettergrade =scores[0] : lettergrade = scores[(grade - 50) / 10];
		
		cout << lettergrade << endl;
	}
}

练习5.7
以下为修改错误后的代码：

int main() {
	int ival1 = 1;
	int ival2 = 2;
	if (ival1 != ival2)
		ival1 = ival2;
	else
		ival1 = ival2 = 0;
}

int main() {
	int ival = 1;
	int minval = 0;
	int occurs = 0;
	if (ival < minval) {
		minval = ival;
		occurs = 1;
	}	
}

int main() {
	
	if (int ival = get_value()) { //get_value函数尚不熟悉
		cout << "ival = " << ival << endl;
		if (!ival)
			cout << "ival = 0\n";
	}
		
	
}

int main() {
	
	int ival = 1;
	if (ival == 0)
		ival = get_value();
	
}

练习5.8
如何确定某个给定的else是和哪个if匹配？这个问题称作垂悬else。就C++而言，它规定 else 与离他最近的尚未匹配的if匹配，从而消除了程序的二义性。