一.使用list.sort()
>>>score=[2,4,1,3]
>>>score.sort()
>>>print score
[1,2,3,4]
二、使用sorted(iterable[, cmp[, key[, reverse]]])
key是一个带参数的函数,用来为每个元素提取比较值.默认为None.即直接比较每个元素.
cmp(e1,e2)是带两个参数的比较函数,返回值: 负数e1<e2,0:e1==e2,正数:e1>e2.默认为None,即用内建的比较函数.
reverse是一个布尔值,表示是否翻转比较结果
1.对tuple组成的List排序
>>> students = [('john', 'A', 15), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('dave', 'B', 10),]
>>> sorted(students, key=lambda student : student[2]) # sort by age
[('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]
(2)用operator函数来加快速度,上面排序等价于:
>>> from operator import itemgetter, attrgetter
>>> sorted(students, key=itemgetter(2))
(3)用operator函数进行多级排序:
>>> sorted(students, key=itemgetter(1,2)) # sort by grade then by age
[('john', 'A', 15), ('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12)]
2.用cmp函数排序
>>> sorted(students, cmp=lambda x,y : cmp(x[2], y[2])) # sort by age
[('dave', 'B', 10), ('jane', 'B', 12), ('john', 'A', 15)]
三、对字典排序
>>> d = {'data1':3, 'data2':1, 'data3':2, 'data4':4}
>>> sorted(d.iteritems(), key=itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
[('data4', 4), ('data1', 3), ('data3', 2), ('data2', 1)]
sorted(sampledict_str.items(), key=lambda d: d[0])
(2)按照value排序
sorted(sampledict_str.items(), key=lambda d: d[1])
四、对对象排序
#coding:utf-8
# sort.py
# 这个类用来演示如何对自定义对象进行排序
class Sortobj:
a = 0
b = ''
def __init__(self, a, b):
self.a = a
self.b = b
def printab(self):
print self.a, self.b
# 构建用于排序的类实例
obja = Sortobj(343, 'bi')
objb = Sortobj(56, 'ci')
objc = Sortobj(2, 'ai')
objd = Sortobj(89, 'di')
print '\n'
samplelist_obj = [obja, objb, objc, objd]
# 实例对象排序前
for obj in samplelist_obj:
obj.printab()
print '\n'
# 按照对象的a属性进行排序
samplelist_obj.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.a, y.a))
for obj in samplelist_obj:
obj.printab()
print '\n'
# 按照对象的b属性进行排序
samplelist_obj.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.b, y.b))
for obj in samplelist_obj:
obj.printab()
key是一个带参数的函数,用来为每个元素提取比较值.默认为None.即直接比较每个元素.