C++ Library reference 概览

• STL vs. C++ Standard Library

区别详情参见《理解C++中STL与Standard Library》

• Standard C++ Library reference

cplusplus

1. C Library

   The elements of the C language library are also included as a subset of the C++ Standard Library. These cover many aspects, from general utility functions and macros to input/output functions and dynamic memory management functions:

   Headers	Descripation	Details
   (assert.h)	C Diagnostics Library	defines one macro function that can be used as a standard debugging tool
   (ctype.h)	Character handling functions	declares a set of functions to classify and tranform individual characters
   (error.h)	C Errors
   (fenv.h)	Floating-point environment	declares a set of functions and macros to access the floating-point environment, along with specific types
   (float.h)	Characteristics of floating-point types	describes the characteristics of floating types for the specific system and compiler implementation used
   (inttypes.h)	C integer types
   (iso646.h)	ISO 646 Alternative operator spellings
   (limits.h)	Sizes of integral types
   (locale.h)	C localization library
   (cmath.h)	C numeric library
   (setjmp.h)	Non lpcal jumps
   (signal.h)	C library to handle signals
   (stdarg.h)	Variable arguments handling
   (stdbool.h)	Boolean type
   (stddef.h)	C Standard definitions
   (stdint.h)	Integer types
   (stdio.h)	C library to perform Input/Output operations	C Standard Input and Output Library known as stdio.h
   (stdlib.h)	C Standard General Utilities Library
   (string.h)	C Strings
   (tgmath.h)	Type-generic math
   time.h	C Time Library
   uchar.h	Unicode characters
   wchar.h	Wide characters
   wctype.h	Wide character type

2. Containers

   header	description
   	Array header
   	Bitset header
   	Deque header
   <forward_list>	Forward list
   	List header
   	Map header
   	Queue header
   	Set header
   	Stack header
   <unordered_map>	Unordered map header
   M	Unordered set header
   	Vector header

3. Input/Output Stream Library

   Provides functionality to use an abstraction called streams specially designed to perform input and output operations on sequences of character, like files or strings.

   This functionality is provided through several related classes, as shown in the following relationship map, with the corresponding header file names on top:

   headers	classes
   	ios_base, ios
   	istream, iostream
   	ostream
   	streambuf
   	cin, cout, cerr, clog
   	ifstream, fstream, ofstream, filebuf
   	istringstream, stringstream, ostringstream, stringbuf

4. Atomics and threading library

   Headers	Describe
   	Atomic
   <condition_variable>	Condition variable
   	Future, allow asynchronous access to values set by specific providers, possibly in a different thread
   	Mutex
   	Thread

5. Miscellaneous headers

   Headers	Describe
   	Standard Template Library: Algorithms (library)
   	Time library (header)
   	Unicode conversion facets
   	Standard exceptions
   	Function objects
   <initializer_list>	Initializer list
   	Iterator definitions
   	Numeric limits
   	Localization library
   	Memory elements
   	Dynamic memory
   	Generalized numeric operations
   	Random
   	Ratio header
   	Regular Expressions
   	Exception classes
   	Strings
   <system_error>	System errors
   	Tuple library
   	Type index
   	Type information
   <type_traits>	type_traits
   	Utility components
   	Library for arrays of numeric values

6. Update progress

• References

1. cplusplus.com
2. IBM knowledge center