ubuntu实现自动挂载u盘和SD卡

编写shell脚本

vim /home/usb-mount.sh

#!/bin/bash

ACTION=$1
DEVBASE=$2
DEVICE="/dev/${DEVBASE}"

# See if this drive is already mounted
MOUNT_POINT=$(/bin/mount | /bin/grep ${DEVICE} | /usr/bin/awk '{ print $3 }')

do_mount()
{
    if [[ -n ${MOUNT_POINT} ]]; then
        # Already mounted, exit
        exit 1
    fi
	
    # Get info for this drive: $ID_FS_LABEL, $ID_FS_UUID, and $ID_FS_TYPE
    eval $(/sbin/blkid -o udev ${DEVICE})

    # Figure out a mount point to use
    LABEL=${ID_FS_LABEL}
    if [[ -z "${LABEL}" ]]; then
        LABEL=${DEVBASE}
    elif /bin/grep -q " /media/${LABEL} " /etc/mtab; then
        # Already in use, make a unique one
        LABEL+="-${DEVBASE}"
    fi
    MOUNT_POINT="/media/${LABEL}"

    /bin/mkdir -p ${MOUNT_POINT}

    # Global mount options
    OPTS="rw,relatime"

    # File system type specific mount options
    if [[ ${ID_FS_TYPE} == "vfat" ]]; then
        OPTS+=",users,gid=100,umask=000,shortname=mixed,utf8=1,flush"
    fi
    
    # 这里看需要使用sudo 和 <<EOF ,一些设备直接操作硬件SD卡槽需要root权限
    # 无需root权限 /bin/mount  ${DEVICE} ${MOUNT_POINT}   这样就行了
    sudo -S /bin/mount  ${DEVICE} ${MOUNT_POINT} << EOF
xxpasswordxxxx
EOF

   # 无需root权限 也可以用下面这一段代码
   # if ! echo "xxuserxxx" | sudo /bin/mount -o ${OPTS} ${DEVICE} ${MOUNT_POINT}; then
   #     # Error during mount process: cleanup mountpoint
   #     /bin/rmdir ${MOUNT_POINT}
   #     exit 1
   # fi
	
}

do_unmount()
{
    if [[ -n ${MOUNT_POINT} ]]; then
        /bin/umount -l ${DEVICE}
    fi

    # Delete all empty dirs in /media that aren't being used as mount points. 
    for f in /media/* ; do
        if [[ -n $(/usr/bin/find "$f" -maxdepth 0 -type d -empty) ]]; then
            if ! /bin/grep -q " $f " /etc/mtab; then
                /bin/rmdir "$f"
            fi
        fi
    done
}
case "${ACTION}" in
    add)
        do_mount
        ;;
    remove)
        do_unmount
        ;;
esac

chmod 777 /home/usb-mount.sh

编写服务

vim /etc/systemd/system/usb-mount@.service

[Unit]
Description=Mount USB Drive on %i

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=true
ExecStart=/homeusb-mount.sh add %i
ExecStop=/home/usb-mount.sh remove %i

编写udev规则

vim /etc/udev/rules.d/99-local.rules

KERNEL=="sd[a-z][0-9]", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", RUN+="/bin/systemctl start usb-mount@%k.service"
KERNEL=="sd[a-z][0-9]", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="remove", RUN+="/bin/systemctl stop usb-mount@%k.service"
KERNEL=="sd[a-z]", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", RUN+="/bin/systemctl start usb-mount@%k.service"
KERNEL=="sd[a-z]", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="remove", RUN+="/bin/systemctl stop usb-mount@%k.service"

# 这一段其实是 挂载mmc的SD卡或者TF卡的触发
KERNEL=="mmcblk[0-9]p[0-9]", SUBSYSTEMS=="mmc",ACTION=="add",  RUN+="/bin/systemctl start usb-mount@%k.service"
KERNEL=="mmcblk[0-9]p[0-9]", SUBSYSTEMS=="mmc",ACTION=="remove",  RUN+="/bin/systemctl stop usb-mount@%k.service"

更新配置

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

结果

这样就可以，拔插U盘和SD卡，都可以自动挂载和卸载，并创建目录了。

---

其他问题

文件系统问题-exfat

挂载exfat文件，需要先安装一个组件

sudo apt-get install exfat-utils

# 一些设备需要root权限才可以操作
sudo mount /dev/mmcblk1p1 /media/mmcblk1p1