JAVA笔记【20131228】

一、复杂布局管理

箱式布局：

箱式布局比网格布局灵活一些，可以布局单行或者单列组件。对于容器Box其默认布局管理器就是箱式布局BoxLayout，也可以将JPanel设置为箱式布局。

创建一个使用箱式布局的容器

Box hBox = Box.createHorizontalBox(); //创建水平的箱式布局容器
Box vBox = Box.createVerticalBox(); //创建垂直的箱式布局容器

添加组件的方法与一般容器相同。对于水平箱子里，组件从左到右排列，垂直的箱子，组件从上到下排列。其内每个组件都有首选尺寸、最大尺寸和最小尺寸。

对于箱式布局中组件默认是没有间距的，需要间距的话可以添加不可见的填充件。有三种填充件。

1、支柱，类似一跟线添加进去限制组件间距离。

2、固定区，类似一个长方体添加进去限制组件间距离，将相邻组件分开并设置另一个方向上的最小尺寸。

3、胶水。。类似弹簧，将组件最大距离的相互弹开。

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class BoxTest01
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		BoxFrame sp = new BoxFrame();
		sp.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
		sp.setVisible(true); 
		sp.setTitle("Box"); 
	}
}

class BoxFrame extends JFrame
{
	public BoxFrame()
	{
		setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH,DEFAULT_HEIGHT);  
		Box hBox1 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
		JLabel label1 = new JLabel("标签1");
		JTextField jft1 = new JTextField(20);
		jft1.setMaximumSize(jft1.getPreferredSize());
		hBox1.add(label1);
		hBox1.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(100));
		hBox1.add(jft1);
		
		Box hBox2 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
		JLabel label2 = new JLabel("标签2");
		JTextField jft2 = new JTextField(30);
		jft2.setMaximumSize(jft2.getPreferredSize());
		hBox2.add(label2);
		hBox2.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,20)));
		hBox2.add(jft2);
		
		Box hBox3 = Box.createHorizontalBox();
		JButton but1=new JButton("确认");
		JButton but2=new JButton("取消");
		hBox3.add(but1);
		hBox3.add(Box.createHorizontalGlue());
		hBox3.add(but2);
		
		Box box = Box.createVerticalBox();
		box.add(hBox1);
		box.add(hBox2);
		box.add(Box.createVerticalGlue());
		box.add(hBox3);
		
		add(box,BorderLayout.CENTER);
		//setResizable(false);  //设置组件大小是否可调节
	}
	public static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 650;
	public static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 450;
}

网格组布局：

使用网格组布局的步骤

1、建立GridBagLayout对象，不需要指定行列数。

2、将GridBagLayout对象设置为组件的布局管理器。

3、为每个组件建立GridBagConstraints类型的对象。

4、调用约束 add(component,constraints)

其中关于约束GridBagConstraints类中重要约束

1、gridx、gridy、gridwidth、gridheight约束了网格在组件中的位置。

2、增量字段(weightx,weighty)描述窗口缩放时标签大小变化，为0时标签大小始终不变。

3、fill和anchor参数，描述组件是否拉伸至整个区域，以及如果组件未填充整个区域时，指定其位置。

4、填塞，在组件周围添加附加的空白区域。（内部填塞与外部填塞之分）

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class GridBagTest01
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		GridBagFrame sp = new GridBagFrame();
		sp.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); 
		sp.setVisible(true); 
		sp.setTitle("GridBag"); 
	}
}

class GridBagFrame extends JFrame
{
	public GridBagFrame()
	{
		setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH,DEFAULT_HEIGHT);  
		GridBagLayout bagLayout = new GridBagLayout();
		setLayout(bagLayout);
		JLabel label1 = new JLabel("标签1");
		JLabel label2 = new JLabel("标签2");
		
		JButton buton1 = new JButton("确认");
		JButton buton2 = new JButton("取消");
		
		JButton buton3 = new JButton("按键3");
		JButton buton4 = new JButton("按键4");
		JButton buton5 = new JButton("按键5");
		JButton buton6 = new JButton("按键6");
		
		JTextArea textArea1 = new JTextArea();
		
		GridBagConstraints GridLabBag1 = new MyGridBagConst(0,0,30,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.NONE,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridLabBag2 = new MyGridBagConst(0,17,30,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.NONE,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag1 = new MyGridBagConst(37,0,30,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag2 = new MyGridBagConst(37,17,30,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag3 = new MyGridBagConst(20,60,60,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag4 = new MyGridBagConst(20,90,20,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag5 = new MyGridBagConst(40,90,20,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		GridBagConstraints GridButBag6 = new MyGridBagConst(60,90,20,15,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		
		GridBagConstraints GridTxtBag1 = new MyGridBagConst(90,0,180,180,100,100,GridBagConstraints.BOTH,GridBagConstraints.CENTER,new Insets(2,3,1,3),3,2);
		
		add(label1,GridLabBag1);
		add(label2,GridLabBag2);
		add(buton1,GridButBag1);
		add(buton2,GridButBag2);
		add(buton3,GridButBag3);
		add(buton4,GridButBag4);
		add(buton5,GridButBag5);
		add(buton6,GridButBag6);
		add(textArea1,GridTxtBag1);
	}
	public static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 250;
	public static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 450;
}


class MyGridBagConst extends GridBagConstraints
{
	public MyGridBagConst(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight)
	{
		super();
		this.gridx=gridx;
		this.gridy=gridy;
		this.gridwidth=gridwidth;
		this.gridheight=gridheight;
	}
	public MyGridBagConst(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight,int weightx,int weighty)
	{
		this(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight);
		this.weightx=weightx;
		this.weighty=weighty;
	}
	public MyGridBagConst(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight,int weightx,int weighty,int fill,int anchor)
	{
		this(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty);
		this.fill=fill;
		this.anchor=anchor;
	}
	
	public MyGridBagConst(int gridx,int gridy,int gridwidth,int gridheight,int weightx,int weighty,int fill,int anchor,Insets insets,int ipadx,int ipady)
	{
		this(gridx,gridy,gridwidth,gridheight,weightx,weighty,fill,anchor);
		this.insets=insets;
		this.ipadx=ipadx;
		this.ipady=ipady;
	}
}