Linux 安装MySQL5.7.28

1.下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/   

   选择Compressed TAR Archive

2.解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

3.再移动并重命名一下

mv mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4.创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5.创建数据目录并赋予权限

mkdir -p  /data/mysql              #创建目录

chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql   #赋予权限

6.配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

注意：第一次进入数据库需要增加跳过密码验证：

           在配置文件的末尾加上： skip-grant-tables

7.初始化数据库

(1)进入mysql的bin目录  cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/

(2)初始化 

./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

(3)查看密码

cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

8.启动mysql，并更改root 密码

      (1)先将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中

          cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

        (2)启动 service mysql start

                   ps -ef|grep mysql

9.修改密码

   ./mysql -u root -p   #在mysql的bin目录下

10.再执行下面三步操作，然后重新登录。

1. SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
2. ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
3. FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

11.修改任何host都能访问root

1. use mysql                                            #访问mysql库

1. update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';      #使root能再任何host访问
2. FLUSH PRIVILEGES;